You can describe instances using the CLI:
aws ec2 desribe-instances
and with jq you can deserialize the JSON in your terminal. For instance if you wanted a list of all your InstanceIds:
aws ec2 describe-instances | jq -r '.Reservations.[].Instances.[].InstanceId'
With boto3 you can do the same, and filtering becomes simpler and more Pythonic:
import boto3
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
response = ec2.describe_instances()
print(response)