hash-array_ref.pl

#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;

# 1
my %japan = (
    tokyo => [ 'gotanda', 'shibuya', ],
    osaka => [ 'shinsaibashi', ],
    okinawa => [ 'naha', 'yomitan', ],
    hokkaido => [ 'sapporo', 'obihiro', ],
    fukuoka => [ 'hakata', ],
);

# 2
print $japan{tokyo}[0]."\n";
print $japan{hokkaido}[0]."\n";

# 3
$japan{osaka}[1] = 'umeda';

# 4
use Data::Dumper;
print Dumper \%japan;



__END__
gotanda
sapporo
$VAR1 = {
          'tokyo' => [
                       'gotanda',
                       'shibuya'
                     ],
          'okinawa' => [
                         'naha',
                         'yomitan'
                       ],
          'fukuoka' => [
                         'hakata'
                       ],
          'osaka' => [
                       'shinsaibashi',
                       'umeda'
                     ],
          'hokkaido' => [
                          'sapporo',
                          'obihiro'
                        ]
        };