gistfile1.md

GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.

Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc. See the end of the file for license conditions.

Please send Emacs bug reports to [email protected]. If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.

これはEmacsバージョン24の変更点についてのファイルです。

See files NEWS.23, NEWS.22, NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18, and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions.

You can narrow news to a specific version by calling `view-emacs-news' with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.



Installation Changes in Emacs 24.1

Emacs can be compiled with Gtk+ 3.0 if you pass --with-x-toolkit=gtk3

to configure. Note that other libraries used by Emacs, RSVG and GConf, also depend on Gtk+. You can disable them with --without-rsvg and --without-gconf.

Emacs can be compiled with GnuTLS support.

This happens by default if a suitably recent version of the library is found at build time. To prevent this, use the configure option `--without-gnutls'. See below for GnuTLS features.

Emacs can be compiled with SELinux support.

This happens by default if a suitably recent version of the library is found at build time. To prevent this, use the configure option `--without-selinux'. See below for SELinux features.

Emacs can be compiled with ImageMagick support.

This happens by default if a suitably recent version of the library is found at build time. To prevent this, use the configure option `--without-imagemagick'. See below for ImageMagick features. This feature is not available for the Nextstep or MS ports.

** Emacs can be compiled with libxml2 support. This happens by default if a suitably recent version of the library is found at build time. To prevent this, use the configure option `--without-xml2'. See below for libxml2 features.

** By default, the installed Info and man pages are compressed. You can disable this by configuring --without-compress-info.

** New configure option --with-wide-int. With it, Emacs integers typically have 62 bits, even on 32-bit machines. On 32-bit hosts, this raises the limit on buffer sizes from about 512 MiB to about 2 GiB.

** New configure options: --with-mmdf, --with-mail-unlink, --with-mailhost. These provide no new functionality, they just remove the need to edit lib-src/Makefile by hand in order to use the associated features.

** New configure option --enable-use-lisp-union-type. This is only useful for Emacs developers to debug certain types of bugs. This is not a new feature; only the configure flag is new.

** The standalone programs digest-doc and sorted-doc are removed. Emacs now uses Lisp commands doc-file-to-man' and doc-file-to-info'.

** The standalone program `fakemail' is removed. If you need it, feedmail.el provides a superset of the functionality.



• Startup Changes in Emacs 24.1

** The --unibyte, --multibyte, --no-multibyte, and --no-unibyte command line arguments, and the EMACS_UNIBYTE environment variable, no longer have any effect. (They were declared obsolete in Emacs 23.)

** New command line option `--no-site-lisp' removes site-lisp directories from load-path. -Q now implies this. This option does not affect the EMACSLOADPATH environment variable (and hence has no effect for Nextstep builds).



• Changes in Emacs 24.1

** Completion

*** Many packages now use the `completion-at-point' command, rather than implementing separate completion commands.

*** `completion-at-point' now handles tags and semantic completion.

*** Completion in a non-minibuffer now tries to detect the end of completion and pops down the Completions buffer accordingly.

*** New option `completion-cycle-threshold' allows completion cycling.

*** New option `completion-category-overrides' for overriding the default completion style in certain circumstances.

*** New completion style `substring'.

*** Completion of buffer names uses `substring' completion by default.

*** The option `widget-complete-field' has been removed.

** Mail changes

*** The first time you try sending mail, Emacs asks for a mail method. This is implemented by a new default for send-mail-function', which is sendmail-query-once'. This offers to use the smtpmail package, or to use the old defaults relying on external mail facilities (sendmail-send-it' on GNU/Linux and other Unix-like systems, and mailclient-send-it' on Windows).

*** Typing C-c m in the buffer made by M-x report-emacs-bug transfers the report to your desktop's preferred mail client, if there is one. This uses either the "xdg-email" utility, or Mac OS's "open" command.

*** See Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages for SMTPmail changes and Mail mode changes

** Emacs server and client changes

*** New option `server-port' specifies the port for TCP Emacs servers.

*** New emacsclient argument -q/--quiet suppresses some status messages.

*** New emacsclient argument --frame-parameters specifies the frame parameters of any newly-created graphical frame.

*** If emacsclient shuts down due to Emacs signaling an error, its exit status is 1.

*** New emacsclient argument --parent-id ID. This opens a client frame in parent X window ID, via XEmbed, similar to the --parent-id argument to Emacs.

** Internationalization changes

*** Emacs now supports display and editing of bidirectional text. Right-to-left (RTL) scripts, such as Arabic, Farsi, and Hebrew, are displayed in the correct visual order as expected by users of those scripts. The display reordering is a "full bidirectionality" class implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA). Buffers with no RTL text should look exactly the same as before.

**** New buffer-local variable `bidi-display-reordering'. To disable display reordering in a buffer, change this to nil.

**** New buffer-local variable bidi-paragraph-direction'. If nil (the default), Emacs determines the base direction of each paragraph from its text, as specified by the UBA. Setting the value to right-to-left' or `left-to-right' forces a base direction on each paragraph.

Paragraphs with right-to-left base direction are displayed starting at the right window edge.

*** Enhanced support for characters with no glyphs in available fonts, or, on text terminals, characters that cannot be encoded by the terminal coding system. The new option `glyphless-char-display-control' specifies how to display them: as a hexadecimal code in a box, a thin 1-pixel space, an empty box, etc.

*** New input methods: farsi, farsi-translit, bulgarian-alt-phonetic.

*** `nobreak-char-display' now also highlights Unicode hyphen chars (U+2010 and U+2011).

*** New Hebrew translation of the Emacs Tutorial. Type `C-u C-h t' to choose it in case your language setup doesn't automatically select it.

** An Emacs Lisp package manager is now included. This is a convenient way to download and install additional packages, from a package repository at http://elpa.gnu.org.

*** M-x list-packages shows a list of packages, which can be selected for installation.

*** New command describe-package', bound to C-h P'.

*** By default, all installed packages are loaded automatically when Emacs starts up. To disable this, set package-enable-at-startup' to nil. To specify the packages to load, customize package-load-list'.

** Custom theme changes

*** New command `M-x customize-themes', which provides a convenient interface for enabling and disabling Custom themes.

*** New option custom-theme-load-path' is the load path for themes. Emacs no longer looks for Custom themes in load-path'. The default value of custom-theme-load-path' says to look for themes in custom-theme-directory', followed by a subdirectory of `data-directory' named "themes/", which contains a small selection of built-in Custom themes.

*** New option custom-safe-themes' records known-safe theme files. If a theme is not in this list, Emacs queries before loading it, and offers to save the theme to custom-safe-themes' automatically. By default, all themes included in Emacs are treated as safe.

** Improved GTK integration

*** GTK scroll-bars are now placed on the right by default. The function `set-scroll-bar-mode' can change this.

*** GTK tool bars can have just text, just images or images and text. Customize `tool-bar-style' to choose the style. On a Gnome desktop, the default is taken from desktop settings.

*** GTK tool bars can be placed on any edge of the frame. The frame-parameter tool-bar-position controls this. It takes the values top, left, right or bottom. The Options => Show/Hide menu has entries for this.

*** The default colors for selected text (the `region' face) are taken from the GTK theme when Emacs is built with GTK.

*** Emacs uses GTK tooltips by default if built with GTK. You can disable this by changing `x-gtk-use-system-tooltips' to nil.

** Graphical interface changes

*** On graphical displays, the mode-line no longer ends in dashes. Also, the first dash (which does not indicate anything) is just displayed as a space.

*** menu-bar-select-buffer-function' lets you choose another operation instead of switch-to-buffer' when selecting an item in the Buffers menu.

*** Lucid menus and dialogs can display antialiased fonts if Emacs is built with Xft. These fonts can be set via X resources, for example: Emacs.pane.menubar.font: Courier-12

** Exiting changes

*** Emacs now calls `kill-emacs' if it receives SIGTERM or SIGHUP, or if it receives a SIGINT signal in batch mode.

*** kill-emacs-hook' is now also run in batch mode. Third-party code which adds to kill-emacs-hook' should check if they do the right thing in batch mode.

** Scrolling changes

*** New scrolling commands scroll-up-command' and scroll-down-command' (bound to C-v/[next] and M-v/[prior]) do not signal errors at top/bottom of buffer at first key-press (instead they move to top/bottom of buffer) when `scroll-error-top-bottom' is non-nil.

*** New option `scroll-error-top-bottom' (see above).

*** New scrolling commands scroll-up-line' and scroll-down-line' scroll a line instead of full screen.

*** New property scroll-command' should be set on a command's symbol to define it as a scroll command affected by scroll-preserve-screen-position'.

*** If you customize scroll-conservatively' to a value greater than 100, Emacs will never recenter point in the window when it scrolls due to cursor motion commands or commands that move point (e.f., M-g M-g'). Previously, you needed to use most-positive-fixnum' as the value of scroll-conservatively' to achieve the same effect.

*** "Aggressive" scrolling now honors the scroll margins. If you customize scroll-up-aggressively' or scroll-down-aggressively' and move point off the window, Emacs now scrolls the window so as to avoid positioning point inside the scroll margin.

** Basic SELinux support has been added. This requires Emacs to be linked with libselinux at build time.

*** Emacs preserves the SELinux file context when backing up. Also, the function copy-file' has an extra optional argument for preserving SELinux context, and the return value of backup-buffer' now includes the SELinux context.

*** New functions file-selinux-context' and set-file-selinux-context' get and set the SELinux context of a file.

** Trash changes

*** `delete-by-moving-to-trash' now only affects commands that specify trashing. This avoids inadvertently trashing temporary files.

*** Calling delete-file' or delete-directory' with a prefix argument now forces true deletion, regardless of `delete-by-moving-to-trash'.

** File- and directory-local variable changes

*** You can stop directory local vars from applying to subdirectories. Add an element (subdirs . nil) to the alist portion of any variables settings to indicate that the section should not apply to subdirectories.

*** Directory local variables can apply to some file-less buffers. Affected modes include dired, vc-dir, and log-edit. For example, adding "(diff-mode . ((mode . whitespace)))" to .dir-locals.el will turn on whitespace-mode' for *vc-diff* buffers. Modes should call hack-dir-local-variables-non-file-buffer' to support this.

*** Using "mode: MINOR-MODE" to enable a minor mode is deprecated. Instead, use "eval: (minor-mode 1)".

*** The variable inhibit-first-line-modes-regexps' has been renamed to inhibit-local-variables-regexps'. As the name suggests, it now applies to ALL file local variables, not just -*- lines. The associated `inhibit-first-line-modes-suffixes' has been renamed in the corresponding way.

** Window changes

*** The `quit-window' command now restores the last buffer displayed in the quitted window.

*** Resizing an Emacs frame now preserves proportional window sizes, modulo restrictions like window minimum sizes and fixed-size windows.

*** The behavior of `display-buffer' is now customizable in detail.

**** New option `display-buffer-base-action' specifies a list of user-determined display "actions" (functions and optional arguments for choosing the displaying window).

This takes precedence over the default display action, which is specified by `display-buffer-fallback-action'.

**** New option display-buffer-alist' maps buffer name regexps to display actions, taking precedence over display-buffer-base-action'.

*** New option window-combination-limit'. The new option window-combination-limit' allows to return the space obtained for resizing or creating a window more reliably to the window from which such space was obtained.

*** New option window-combination-resize'. The new option window-combination-resize' allows to split a window that otherwise cannot be split because it's too small by stealing space from other windows in the same combination. Subsequent resizing or deletion of the window will resize all windows in the same combination as well.

*** New option `frame-auto-hide-function' lets you choose between iconifying or deleting a frame when burying a buffer in a dedicated frame, or quitting a window showing a buffer in a frame of its own.

*** New commands maximize-window' and minimize-window'. These maximize and minimize the size of a window within its frame.

*** New commands switch-to-prev-buffer' and switch-to-next-buffer'. These functions allow to navigate through the live buffers that have been shown in a specific window.

** Minibuffer changes

*** The inactive minibuffer has its own major mode `minibuffer-inactive-mode'. This is handy for minibuffer-only frames, and is also used for the feature where mouse-1 pops up Messages"', which can now easily be changed.

*** Minibuffers set truncate-lines' to nil. If you want to change the value to something else, you could use for example minibuffer-setup-hook'.

** `auto-mode-case-fold' is now enabled by default.

** `backup-by-copying-when-mismatch' now defaults to t.

** New basic faces error', warning', `success'. These are used to highlight text indicating failure, caution or successful operation.

** New option list-colors-sort' defines the color sort order for list-colors-display'.

** The variable `focus-follows-mouse' now always defaults to nil.



• Editing Changes in Emacs 24.1

** Search changes

*** C-y in Isearch is now bound to isearch-yank-kill', instead of isearch-yank-line'.

*** M-y in Isearch is now bound to isearch-yank-pop', instead of isearch-yank-kill'.

*** M-s C-e in Isearch is now bound to `isearch-yank-line'.

** New commands count-words-region' and count-words'.

*** M-= is bound to count-words-region', not count-lines-region'. The count-words-region' command, when called interactively, reports the number of lines, words, and characters in the region. It is a superset of the old count-lines-region', which is now an obsolete alias for it.

** The command `just-one-space' (M-SPC), if given a negative argument, also deletes newlines around point.

** Deletion changes

*** New option delete-active-region'. If non-nil, [delete] and DEL delete the region if it is active and no prefix argument is given. If set to kill', those commands kill instead.

*** New command delete-forward-char', bound to [delete]. This is meant for interactive use, and obeys delete-active-region'. The command delete-char' does not obey delete-active-region'.

*** delete-backward-char' is now a Lisp function. Apart from obeying delete-active-region', its behavior is unchanged. However, the byte compiler now warns if it is called from Lisp; Lisp callers should use delete-char with a negative argument instead.

*** The option `mouse-region-delete-keys' has been deleted.

** Selection changes.

The default handling of clipboard and primary selections has been changed to conform with modern X applications. In short, most commands for killing and yanking text now use the clipboard, while mouse commands use the primary selection.

In the following, we provide a list of these changes, followed by a list of steps to get the old behavior back if you prefer that.

*** `select-active-regions' now defaults to t. Merely selecting text (e.g. with drag-mouse-1) no longer puts it in the kill ring. The selected text is put in the primary selection, if the system possesses a separate primary selection facility (e.g. X).

**** select-active-regions' also accepts a new value, only'. This means to only set the primary selection for temporarily active regions (usually made by mouse-dragging or shift-selection); "ordinary" active regions, such as those made with C-SPC followed by point motion, do not alter the primary selection.

**** `mouse-drag-copy-region' now defaults to nil.

*** mouse-2 is now bound to mouse-yank-primary'. This pastes from the primary selection, ignoring the kill-ring. Previously, mouse-2 was bound to mouse-yank-at-click'.

*** `x-select-enable-clipboard' now defaults to t on all platforms.

*** `x-select-enable-primary' now defaults to nil. Thus, commands that kill text or copy it to the kill-ring (such as M-w, C-w, and C-k) also use the clipboard---not the primary selection.

**** The "Copy", "Cut", and "Paste" items in the "Edit" menu are now exactly equivalent to M-w, C-w, and C-y respectively.

**** Note that on MS-Windows, `x-select-enable-clipboard' was already non-nil by default, as Windows does not support the primary selection between applications.

*** To return to the previous behavior, do the following:

**** Change select-active-regions' to nil. **** Change mouse-drag-copy-region' to t. **** Change x-select-enable-primary' to t (on X only). **** Change x-select-enable-clipboard' to nil. **** Bind `mouse-yank-at-click' to mouse-2.

*** Support for X cut buffers has been removed.

*** X clipboard managers are now supported. To inhibit this, change `x-select-enable-clipboard-manager' to nil.

** New command C-x r N' (rectangle-number-lines') numbers the lines in the current rectangle. With a prefix argument, this prompts for a number to count from and for a format string.

** `redisplay-dont-pause' now defaults to t. This makes Emacs feel more responsive to editing commands that arrive at high rate, e.g. if you lean on some key, because stopping redisplay in the middle (when this variable is nil) forces more expensive updates later on, and Emacs appears to be unable to keep up.

** The behavior of for active regions in Text mode has changed. In Text and related modes, typing (`indent-for-tab-command') when the region is active causes Emacs to indent all the lines in the region, aligning them with the line previous to the first line in the region (or with the left margin if there is no previous line).

** When occur' is called with a prefix argument, matching strings are collected into the Occur' buffer without line numbers. If there are parenthesized subexpressions in the specified regexp, occur' reads replacement text that may contain \\& and \\N whose convention follows replace-match'.



• Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 24.1

** Archive Mode has basic support for browsing and updating 7z archives.

** BibTeX mode

*** BibTeX mode now supports biblatex. Use the variable bibtex-dialect' to select different BibTeX dialects. bibtex-entry-field-alist' is now an obsolete alias for `bibtex-BibTeX-entry-alist'.

*** New command `bibtex-search-entries', bound to C-c C-a.

*** New bibtex-entry-format' option sort-fields', disabled by default.

*** New variable `bibtex-search-entry-globally'.

** Browse-url

*** New option `browse-url-mailto-function' specifies how to handle "mailto:"s.

*** The default browser used by the package is now the "xdg-open" program, on platforms that support it. This calls your desktop's preferred browser.

** Calendar, Diary, and Appt

*** Diary entries can contain non-printing "comments". See the variable `diary-comment-start'.

*** Appointments can specify their individual warning times. See the variable `appt-warning-time-regexp'.

*** The function specified by `appt-disp-window-function' may be passed lists of arguments if multiple appointments are due at similar times. If you are using a custom function for this, you should update it.

*** New function `diary-hebrew-birthday'.

*** Elements of calendar-day-abbrev-array' and calendar-month-abbrev-array' may no longer be nil, but must all be strings.

*** The obsolete (since Emacs 22.1) method of enabling the appt package by adding appt-make-list' to diary-hook' has been removed. Use `appt-activate' instead.

*** Some appt variables (obsolete since Emacs 22.1) have been removed: appt-issue-message (use the function appt-activate) appt-visible/appt-msg-window (use the variable appt-display-format)

*** Some diary function aliases (obsolete since Emacs 22.1) have been removed: view-diary-entries, list-diary-entries, show-all-diary-entries

** CC Mode

*** New feature to "guess" the style in an existing buffer. The main entry point is M-x c-guess.

*** Java Mode now supports Java 5.0 (Tiger) and 6 (Mustang).

*** c-beginning-of-defun' and c-end-of-defun' now respect nested scopes. Thus C-M-a will, by default, go to the beginning of the immediate function, not the top level.

*** "Macros with semicolons" can be registered for correct indentation. Where such a macro ends a line (no semicolon) the next statement is no longer parsed as a statement continuation.

** Comint and modes derived from it use the standard completion code.

** Compilation mode

*** Compilation mode can be used without Font Lock mode. `compilation-parse-errors-function' is now obsolete.

*** New variable compilation-filter-start', which is bound while compilation-filter-hook' runs. It records the start position of the text inserted by `compilation-filter'.

*** compilation-error-screen-columns' and compilation-first-column' are obeyed in the editing buffer. So programming language modes can set them, whereas previously only the value in the Compilation buffer was used.

** Customize

*** Customize buffers now contain a search field. The search is performed using customize-apropos'. To turn off the search field, set custom-search-field' to nil.

*** Custom options now start out hidden if at their default values. Use the arrow to the left of the option name to toggle visibility.

*** custom-buffer-sort-alphabetically now defaults to t.

*** The color widget now has a "Choose" button, which allows you to choose a color via `list-colors-display'.

** D-Bus

*** It is now possible to access buses other than the default system or session bus.

*** The dbus-register-method' and dbus-register-property' functions optionally do not register names.

*** The new function `dbus-register-service' registers a known service name on a D-Bus without also registering a property or a method.

** Dired-x

*** C-x C-j (dired-jump') and C-x 4 C-j (dired-jump-other-window'), if called with a prefix argument, read a file name from the minibuffer instead of using the current buffer.

*** The "dired local variables" feature of Dired-x is obsolete. The standard directory local variables feature replaces it.

** ERC changes

*** New options erc-autojoin-timing' and erc-autojoin-delay', controlling attempts to autojoin a channel.

*** New variable erc-coding-system-precedence': If we use undecided' as the server coding system, this variable will then be consulted. The default is to decode strings that can be decoded as utf-8 as utf-8, and do the normal `undecided' decoding for the rest.

** Eshell changes

*** The default value of eshell-directory-name' has changed to be an "eshell" directory in user-emacs-directory'. The old "~/.eshell/" directory is still used if it exists, though.

** gdb-mi

*** The M-x gdb command now uses the GDB Machine Interface protocol. It now supports multithread non-stop debugging and simultaneous debugging of several threads.

** Image mode

*** RET (image-toggle-animation') toggles animation, if applicable. Animation plays once, unless the option image-animate-loop' is non-nil.

** Info

*** New command M-x info-display-manual displays a named Info manual. If that manual is already visited in some Info buffer, it displays that buffer. (This is handy if you have many manuals in many info buffers, and don't remember the name of the buffer visiting the manual you want to consult.) Otherwise, it loads and displays the manual.

*** e' is now bound to end-of-buffer' rather than to Info-edit'. This is for compatibility with the stand-alone Info reader program, and also because Info-edit' is a rarely used command that is disabled by default.

** Mail mode changes (not Message mode)

*** New command M-x mail-add-attachment for adding MIME attachments

*** The command M-x mail-attach-file was renamed to M-x mail-insert-file. (Its name is misleading, since it has nothing to do with MIME attachments.) The old name is now an obsolete alias to the new name.

** MH-E has been updated to MH-E version 8.3.1. See MH-E-NEWS for details.

** Modula-2 mode provides auto-indentation.

** mpc.el: Can use pseudo tags of the form tag1|tag2 as a union of two tags.

** nXML mode no longer binds C-RET to nxml-complete'. Completion is now performed via completion-at-point', bound to C-M-i or M-TAB. If `nxml-bind-meta-tab-to-complete-flag' is non-nil (the default), this performs tag completion.

** Org mode has been updated to version 7.8.09. See ORG-NEWS for details.

** Prolog mode has been completely revamped, with lots of additional functionality such as more intelligent indentation, electricity, support for more variants, including Mercury, and a lot more.

** Rmail

*** The command `rmail-epa-decrypt' decrypts OpenPGP data in the Rmail incoming message.

*** The variable rmail-message-filter' no longer has any effect. This change was made in Emacs 23.1 but was not advertised at the time. Try using rmail-show-message-hook' instead.

** Shell mode

*** M-x shell prompts for the shell path name if the default directory is a remote file name and neither the environment variable $ESHELL nor the variable `explicit-shell-file-name' is set.

*** TAB is now bound to the standard `completion-at-point' command, which now implements the pcomplete rules for shell command completion.

** SMTPmail

*** SMTPmail now uses encrypted connections (via STARTTLS) by default if the mail server supports them. This uses either built-in GnuTLS support, or the starttls.el library. Customize `smtpmail-stream-type' to change this.

*** The variable `smtpmail-auth-credentials' has been removed. By default, the information is now stored in the file ~/.authinfo. This was the default value of smtpmail-auth-credentials. If you had customized smtpmail-auth-credentials to a list of user names and passwords, those settings are not used. During your first connection to the smtp server, Emacs will prompt for the user name and password, and offer to save them to ~/.authinfo. Or you can manually copy the credentials to ~/.authinfo. For example, if you had

(setq smtpmail-auth-credentials '(("mail.example.org" 25 "jim" "s!cret")))

then the equivalent line in ~/.authinfo would be

machine mail.example.org port 25 login jim password s!cret

See the auth-source manual for more information, e.g. on encrypting the credentials file.

*** The variable `smtpmail-starttls-credentials' has been removed. If you had that set, you need to put

machine smtp.whatever.foo port 25 key "/.my_smtp_tls.key" cert "/.my_smtp_tls.cert"

in your ~/.authinfo file instead.

** SQL mode

*** New options sql-port', sql-connection-alist', sql-send-terminator', and sql-oracle-scan-on'.

*** New options controlling prompting for login parameters. Each supported product has a custom variable `sql-*-login-params', which is a list of the parameters to be prompted for before a connection is established.

*** The command `sql-product-interactive' now takes a prefix argument, which causes it to prompt for an SQL product.

*** Product-specific SQL interactive commands now take prefix arguments. These commands (sql-sqlite', sql-postgres', sql-mysql', etc.), given a prefix argument, prompt for a name for the SQL interactive buffer. This reduces the need for calling sql-rename-buffer'.

*** SQL interactive modes suppress command continuation prompts, and replace tabs with spaces. The first change impacts multiple line SQL statements entered with C-j between each line, statements yanked into the buffer and statements sent with sql-send-*' functions. The second prevents the MySQL and Postgres interpreters from listing object name completions when sent text via sql-send-*' functions.

*** New command sql-connect' starts a predefined SQLi session, using the login parameters from sql-connection-alist'.

*** New "Save Connection" menu item in SQLi buffers. This gathers the login params specified for the SQLi session, if it was not started by a connection, and saves them as a new connection.

*** New commands for listing database objects and details: sql-list-all and sql-list-table.

*** An API for manipulating SQL product definitions has been added.

** TeX modes

*** latex-electric-env-pair-mode keeps \begin..\end matched on the fly.

** Tramp

*** New inline access method "ksu" (kerberized su).

*** The following access methods are discontinued: "ssh1_old", "ssh2_old", "scp1_old", "scp2_old", "imap", "imaps" and "fish".

*** The user option `remote-file-name-inhibit-cache' controls whether remote file attributes are cached for better performance.

*** The option `ange-ftp-binary-file-name-regexp' has changed its default value to "".

*** Handlers for file-selinux-context' and set-file-selinux-context' for remote machines which support SELinux.

** New function url-queue-retrieve', which behaves like url-retrieve, but with limits (url-queue-parallel-processes', `url-queue-timeout') on the degree of parallelism.

** VC and related modes

*** Support for pulling on distributed version control systems. The command C-x v + (`vc-pull') runs a "pull" operation, if it is supported (currently with Bzr, Git, and Mercurial), to update the current branch and working tree. A prefix argument means to prompt the user for specifics, e.g. a pull location.

*** vc-update' is now an alias for vc-pull'.

*** Support for merging on distributed version control systems. The command C-x v m (`vc-merge') now runs a "merge" operation, if it is supported (currently with Bzr, Git, and Mercurial), to merge changes from another branch into the current one. It prompts for specifics, e.g. a merge source.

*** New option vc-revert-show-diff' controls whether vc-revert' shows a diff while querying the user. It defaults to t.

*** Log entries in some Log View buffers can be toggled to display a longer description by typing RET (log-view-toggle-entry-display). This is currently supported for Bzr, Git, and Mercurial (to support another backend, define a log-view-expanded-log-entry-function'). In the Log View buffers made by C-x v L (vc-print-root-log'), you can use this to display the full log entry for the revision at point.

*** New command vc-ediff' allows visual comparison of two revisions of a file similar to vc-diff', but using ediff backend.

*** The option `vc-initial-comment' was removed in Emacs 23.2, but this was not advertised at the time.

*** vc-toggle-read-only' is an obsolete alias for toggle-read-only'. Since Emacs 23, it has done the same thing as `toggle-read-only', but this was not advertised at the time.

** Obsolete modes

*** abbrevlist.el

*** erc-hecomplete.el (use erc-pcomplete.el instead)

*** partial-completion-mode (complete.el) is obsolete. You can get a comparable behavior with: (setq completion-styles '(partial-completion initials)) (setq completion-pcm-complete-word-inserts-delimiters t)

*** pc-mode.el is obsolete (CUA mode is much more comprehensive).

*** pgg is obsolete (use EasyPG instead).

*** sregex.el is obsolete, since rx.el is a strict superset.

*** s-region.el and pc-select.el are obsolete. They are superseded by shift-select-mode, enabled by default since 23.1.

*** vc-mcvs.el is obsolete (for lack of a maintainer).

** Miscellaneous

*** The Landmark game is now invoked with landmark', not lm'. Its functions and variables have been similarly renamed.

*** In ido-file-completion-map', C-v is no longer bound to ido-toggle-vc'. (This interfered with cua-mode.)

*** f90.el has some support for Fortran 2008 syntax.

*** `copyright-fix-years' can optionally convert consecutive years to ranges.

*** New command `nato-region' converts text to NATO phonetic alphabet.



• New Modes and Packages in Emacs 24.1

** Occur Edit mode applies edits made in Occur buffers to the original buffers. It is bound to "e" in Occur mode.

** New global minor mode electric-pair-mode. When enabled, typing an open parenthesis automatically inserts the matching closing one.

** New global minor mode electric-indent-mode. When enabled, typing certain characters triggers reindentation. Major modes wishing to use this can set electric-indent-chars or electric-indent-functions.

** New global minor mode electric-layout-mode. When enabled, typing certain characters automatically inserts newlines. Major modes wishing to use this can set electric-layout-rules.

** tabulated-list.el provides a generic major mode for tabulated data, from which other modes can be derived.

** pcase.el provides the ML-style pattern matching macro `pcase'.

** secrets.el is an implementation of the Secret Service API, an interface to password managers like GNOME Keyring or KDE Wallet. The Secret Service API requires D-Bus for communication. The command `secrets-show-secrets' offers a buffer with a visualization of the secrets.

** notifications.el provides an implementation of the Desktop Notifications API. It requires D-Bus for communication.

** soap-client.el supports access to SOAP web services from Emacs. soap-inspect.el is an interactive inspector for SOAP WSDL structures.

** New generic mode, xmodmap-generic-mode, for xmodmap files.

** New emacs-lock.el package. The previous version has been moved to obsolete/old-emacs-lock.el. Now, there is a proper minor mode `emacs-lock-mode'. Protection against exiting Emacs and killing the buffer can be set separately. The mechanism for automatically turning off protection for buffers with dead inferior processes has been generalized.



• Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 24.1

** Passing a nil argument to a minor mode function call now ENABLES the minor mode unconditionally. This is so that you can write e.g.

(add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'foo-mode)

to enable foo-mode in Text mode buffers, removing the need for turn-on-foo-mode' style functions. This affects all mode commands defined by define-minor-mode'. If called interactively, the mode command still toggles the minor mode.

** The return value of `backup-buffer' has changed. It is now a list of three elements, where the second element is a list describing the original file's SELinux context. If Emacs or the system lacks SELinux support, the context list is (nil nil nil nil). See "Basic SELinux support" above, under "Changes in Emacs 24.1".

** char-direction-table' and the char-direction' function were deleted. They were buggy and inferior to the new support of bidirectional editing introduced in Emacs 24. If you need the bidirectional properties of a character, use get-char-code-property' with the last argument bidi-class'.

** `copy-directory' now copies the source directory as a subdirectory of the target directory, if the latter is an existing directory. The new optional arg COPY-CONTENTS, if non-nil, makes the function copy the contents directly into a pre-existing target directory.

** For mouse click input events in the text area, the Y pixel coordinate in the POSITION list now counts from the top of the text area, excluding any header line. Previously, it counted from the top of the header line.

** Support for "old-style" backquotes, obsolete for 10+ years, has been further reduced. Now a backquote not followed by a space is always treated as a "new-style" backquote. Please remove all "old-style" backquotes from your code. If your code uses backquotes as documented in the Elisp manual, and compiles without warning, then you have nothing to do in this regard. Code not following the appropriate conventions may fail to compile.

The most common cause of trouble seems to be an old-style backquote followed by a newline. Another cause of trouble is vector notation for key sequence notation: instead of [(control ,)] and [(control ')], you should write [(control ?,)] and [(control ?')], which will work in older Emacsen too.

** The macro eval-at-startup' was removed in Emacs 23.2, but this was not advertised at the time. The function custom-initialize-delay' replaced all known uses.

** view-buffer' now treats special mode-class in the same way that view-file' has since Emacs 22 (i.e. it won't enable View mode if the major mode is special).

** Menu and tool bar changes

*** During startup, Emacs no longer adds entries for menu-bar-lines' and tool-bar-lines' to default-frame-alist' and initial-frame-alist'. With these alist entries omitted, make-frame' checks the value of the variable menu-bar-mode'/tool-bar-mode' to determine whether to create a menu-bar or tool-bar, respectively. If the alist entries are added, they override the value of menu-bar-mode'/`tool-bar-mode'.

*** The menu bar bindings's caches are not used any more. Use (where-is-internal nil t) instead.

** Regions created by mouse dragging are now normal active regions, similar to those created by shift-selection (see Selection changes above). In previous Emacs versions, these regions were delineated by `mouse-drag-overlay'; that variable has been removed.

** The fourth argument of `filter-buffer-substring' has been removed. If you want to remove text properties from the final result, simply pass the result through substring-no-properties.

** cl.el no longer provides `cl-19'.

** The following obsolete functions and aliases have been removed (the appropriate new function is given in parentheses; "not needed" means you can just remove all calls to the function in question):

*** comint-kill-output' (comint-delete-output') *** decompose-composite-char' (char-to-string') *** outline-visible' (outline-invisible-p') *** internal-find-face' (facep') *** internal-get-face' (facep and check-face') *** frame-update-faces' (not needed) *** frame-update-face-colors' (frame-set-background-mode') *** x-frob-font-weight' and x-frob-font-slant' (make-face-*' functions) *** x-make-font-bold and x-make-font-demibold (make-face-bold') *** x-make-font-italic' and x-make-font-oblique' (make-face-italic') *** x-make-font-bold-italic' (make-face-bold-italic') *** x-make-font-unbold' (make-face-unbold') *** x-make-font-unitalic' (make-face-unitalic') *** mldrag-drag-mode-line' (mouse-drag-mode-line') *** mldrag-drag-vertical-line' (mouse-drag-vertical-line') *** iswitchb-default-keybindings' (iswitchb-mode') *** char-bytes' (== 1) *** isearch-return-char' (isearch-printing-char') *** make-local-hook' (not needed) *** set-screen-height' (set-frame-height') *** set-screen-width' (`set-frame-width')

** The following obsolete variables and varaliases have been removed (the appropriate new variable is given in parentheses):

*** checkdoc-minor-keymap' (checkdoc-minor-mode-map') *** vc-header-alist' (vc-BACKEND-header') *** directory-sep-char' (== ?/) *** font-lock-defaults-alist' (font-lock-defaults') *** e' (`float-e').

** The following obsolete files were removed: sc.el, x-menu.el, rnews.el, rnewspost.el

** The format of the finder-inf.el file has changed, since the Finder mechanism is now based on the package system. The variable finder-package-info' is replaced by package--builtins' and `finder-keywords-hash'.

** When generating autoloads, update-directory-autoloads' no longer assumes every inspected file is in your load-path'. It instead generates relative names according to the current `load-path'.



• Lisp changes in Emacs 24.1

** Code can now use lexical scoping by default instead of dynamic scoping. The `lexical-binding' variable enables lexical scoping for local variables. It is typically set via a file-local variable in the first line of the file, in which case it applies to all the code in that file.

*** eval' takes a new optional argument lexical' to choose the new lexical binding instead of the old dynamic binding mode.

*** Lexically scoped interpreted functions are represented with a new form of function value which looks like (closure ENV ARGS &rest BODY).

*** New macro `letrec' to define recursive local functions.

*** defvar' and defconst' now mark the variable as special (dynamic). So do defcustom' and other forms that call defvar' as a subroutine.

*** New function `special-variable-p' to check whether a variable is declared as dynamically bound.

*** The form ((lambda ...) ...) is deprecated.

** An Emacs Lisp testing tool is now included. Emacs Lisp developers can use this tool to write automated tests for their code. See the ERT info manual for details.

** Changes for bidirectional display and editing

*** New function `current-bidi-paragraph-direction'. This returns the base direction of the paragraph at point.

*** New function `bidi-string-mark-left-to-right'. Given a string containing characters from right-to-left scripts, this function returns another string which can be safely inserted into a buffer, such that any following text will be always displayed to the right of that string. (This works by appending an invisible Unicode "LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK" character if the argument string might need it.)

This is useful when the buffer has overall left-to-right paragraph direction and you need to insert a string whose contents are not known in advance, without disrupting the layout of the line.

** Window changes

*** Window tree functions are accessible in Elisp. Functions are provided to return the parent, siblings or child windows of any window including internal windows (windows not associated with a buffer) in the window tree.

**** New function `window-valid-p' gives non-nil for live and internal windows.

**** Window manipulation can deal with internal windows. Many window handling functions like split-window', delete-window', or `delete-other-windows' as well as the window resizing functions can now act on any window including internal ones.

*** window-total-height/-width vs window-body-height/-width. The function window-height' has been renamed to window-total-height' and window-width' has been renamed to window-body-width'. The old names are provided as aliases. Two new functions window-total-width' and window-body-height' are provided.

*** Window parameters specific to window handling functions. For each window you can specify a parameter to override the default behavior of a number of functions like split-window', delete-window' and delete-other-windows'. The variable ignore-window-parameters' allows to ignore processing such parameters.

*** New semantics of third argument of split-window'. The third argument of split-window' has been renamed to SIDE and can be set to any of the values 'below, 'right, 'above, or 'left to make the new window appear on the corresponding side of the window that shall be split. Any other value of SIDE will cause `split-window' to split the window into two side-by-side windows as before.

*** Window resizing functions. A new standard function for resizing windows called `window-resize' has been introduced. This and all other functions for resizing windows no longer delete any windows when they become too small.

*** Deleting the selected window now selects the most recently selected live window on that frame instead.

*** adjust-window-trailing-edge' adjustments. adjust-window-trailing-edge' can now deal with fixed-size windows and is able to resize other windows if a window adjacent to the trailing edge cannot be shrunk any more. This makes its behavior more similar to that of Emacs 21 without compromising, however, its inability to delete windows which was introduced in Emacs 22.

*** Window-local buffer lists. Windows now have local buffer lists. This means that removing a buffer from display in a window will preferably show the buffer previously shown in that window with its previous window-start and window-point positions. This also means that the same buffer may be automatically shown twice even if it already appears in another window.

*** `switch-to-buffer' has a new optional argument FORCE-SAME-WINDOW, which if non-nil requires the buffer to be displayed in the currently selected window, signaling an error otherwise. If nil, another window can be used, e.g. if the selected one is strongly dedicated.

*** split-window-vertically' and split-window-horizontally' renamed to split-window-below' and split-window-right' respectively. The old names are kept as aliases.

*** Display actions

**** The second arg to display-buffer' and pop-to-buffer' is now named ACTION, and takes a display action of the same form as `display-buffer-base-action' (see Changes, above). A non-nil, non-list value is treated specially, as the old meaning.

**** New variable `display-buffer-overriding-action'.

**** The procedure of display-buffer' etc. to choose a window is determined by combining display-buffer-overriding-action', display-buffer-alist', the ACTION arg, display-buffer-base-action', and `display-buffer-fallback-action'. The second and fourth of these are user-customizable variables.

See the docstring of `display-buffer' for details.

*** New functions window-state-get' and window-state-put'. These functions allow to save and restore the state of an arbitrary frame or window as an Elisp object.

** Completion

*** New variable `completion-extra-properties' used to specify extra properties of the current completion:

• :annotate-function, same as the old completion-annotate-function.
• :exit-function, function to call after completion took place.

*** Functions on completion-at-point-functions' can return any of the properties valid for completion-extra-properties'.

*** `completion-annotate-function' is obsolete.

*** New metadata' method for completion tables. The metadata thus returned can specify various details of the data returned by all-completions':

• category' is the kind of objects returned (e.g., buffer', `file', ...), used to select a style in completion-category-overrides.
• `annotation-function' to add annotations in Completions.
• `display-sort-function' to specify how to sort entries in Completions.
• `cycle-sort-function' to specify how to sort entries when cycling.

*** minibuffer-local-filename-must-match-map' is not used any more. Instead, the bindings in minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map' are combined with `minibuffer-local-must-match-map'.

*** New variable completing-read-function' allows overriding the behavior of completing-read'.

** `glyphless-char-display' can now distinguish between graphical and text terminal display, via a char-table entry that is a cons cell.

** pre-command-hook'/post-command-hook' are not reset to nil on error. Instead, the offending function is removed.

** New hook types

*** New function run-hook-wrapped' for running an abnormal hook by passing the hook functions as arguments to a "wrapping" function. Like run-hook-with-args-until-success', it stops at the first non-nil return value.

*** New macro `with-wrapper-hook' for running an abnormal hook as a set of "wrapping" filters, similar to around advice. (A version of this macro was actually added in Emacs 23.2 but was not advertised at the time.)

** Debugger changes

*** New macro `condition-case-unless-debug' (this was actually added in Emacs 23.1 as condition-case-no-debug, but not advertised)

*** The macro `with-demoted-errors' was added in Emacs 23.1, but not advertised.

*** Variable `stack-trace-on-error' removed.

*** The debugger can now "continue" from an error, which means it will jump to the error handler as if the debugger had not been invoked instead of jumping all the way to the top-level.

*** Set debug-on-event' to enter the debugger on events like SIGUSR1. This can be useful when inhibit-quit' is set.

** The new function `server-eval-at' allows evaluation of Lisp forms on named Emacs server instances.

** call-process' and call-process-region' allow a `(:file "file")' spec to redirect STDOUT to a file.

** The function `format-time-string' now supports the %N directive, for higher-resolution time stamps.

** New input reading functions

*** New function `read-char-choice' reads a restricted set of characters, discarding any inputs not inside the set.

*** The command `read-color' now requires a match for a color name or RGB triplet, instead of signaling an error if the user provides invalid input.

**** facemenu-read-color' is now an alias for read-color'.

** image-library-alist' is renamed to dynamic-library-alist'. The variable is now used to load all kind of supported dynamic libraries, not just image libraries. The previous name is still available as an obsolete alias.

** Syntax parsing changes

*** New variable syntax-propertize-function'. This replaces font-lock-syntactic-keywords' which is now obsolete. This allows syntax-table properties to be set independently from font-lock: just call syntax-propertize to make sure the text is propertized. Together with this new variable come a new hook syntax-propertize-extend-region-functions, as well as two helper functions: syntax-propertize-via-font-lock to reuse old font-lock-syntactic-keywords as-is; and syntax-propertize-rules which provides a new way to specify syntactic rules.

*** Syntax tables support a new "comment style c" additionally to style b.

** New hook post-self-insert-hook', run after self-insert-command'.

** frame-local variables cannot be let-bound any more.

** Major and minor mode changes

*** `set-auto-mode' now respects mode: local variables at the end of files, as well as those in the -*- line.

*** `prog-mode' is a new major mode from which programming modes should be derived.

**** `prog-mode-hook' can be used to enable features for programming modes, e.g. (add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'flyspell-prog-mode) to enable on-the-fly spell checking for comments and strings.

*** New hook change-major-mode-after-body-hook', run by run-mode-hooks' just before any other mode hooks.

*** Enabled globalized minor modes can be disabled in specific major modes. If the global mode is global-FOO-mode, then run (FOO-mode -1) in the major mode's hook, where FOO-mode toggles the mode on a per-buffer basis.

*** `define-minor-mode' accepts new keywords :variable, :after-hook.

** File-handling changes

*** delete-file' and delete-directory' now accept optional arg TRASH. Trashing is performed if TRASH and `delete-by-moving-to-trash' are both non-nil. Interactively, TRASH defaults to t, unless a prefix argument is supplied (see Trash changes, above).

*** New file predicates: file-equal-p', file-in-directory-p'.

** Tool-bars can display separators. Tool-bar separators are handled like menu separators in menu-bar maps, i.e. via menu entries of the form `(menu-item "--")'.

** Image API

*** Animated images support (currently animated gifs only).

**** `image-animated-p' returns non-nil if an image can be animated.

**** `image-animate' animates a supplied image spec.

**** `image-animate-timer' returns the timer object for an image that is being animated.

*** image-extension-data' has been renamed to image-metadata'. The old name is an obsolete alias to the new one.

*** Image mode can view any image type that ImageMagick supports. This requires Emacs to be built with ImageMagick support.

**** New function `imagemagick-types', defined if ImageMagick support is enabled, returns a list of image file extensions that your ImageMagick installation supports.

**** New function imagemagick-register-types' enables ImageMagick image types in Image mode and in create-image' and other helper functions.

**** New option imagemagick-types-inhibit' excludes certain ImageMagick image types from imagemagick-register-types'.

**** With ImageMagick support, there are extra Image mode commands to resize and rotate images: image-transform-fit-to-height', image-transform-fit-to-width', image-transform-set-rotation', and image-transform-set-scale'.

** `compose-mail' now accepts an optional 8th arg, RETURN-ACTION, and passes it to the mail user agent function. This argument specifies an action for returning to the caller after finishing with the mail. For example, this is used by Rmail to optionally delete a mail window.

** XML and HTML parsing If Emacs is compiled with libxml2 support, there are two new functions: libxml-parse-html-region' (which parses "real world" HTML) and libxml-parse-xml-region' (which parses XML). Both return an Emacs Lisp parse tree.

** Networking and encryption changes

*** open-network-stream' can now be used to open an encrypted stream. It now accepts an optional :type' parameter for initiating a TLS connection, directly or via STARTTLS. To do STARTTLS, additional parameters (:end-of-command', :success', `:capabilities-command') must also be supplied.

*** New library gnutls.el. The new function gnutls-available-p' returns non-nil if Emacs is built with GnuTLS support. The main entry points are open-gnutls-stream' and gnutls-negotiate'. It's easiest to use these functions through open-network-stream', because that can upgrade connections through STARTTLS opportunistically or use plain SSL, depending on your needs. For debugging, set `gnutls-log-level' greater than 0.

*** New primitive secure-hash' that supports many secure hash algorithms: md5, sha1, sha2, sha224, sha256, sha384, and sha512. The lisp library sha1.el has been removed. The sha1' feature is provided by default.

** Isearch

*** New hook isearch-update-post-hook' that runs in isearch-update'.

** Progress reporters can now "spin". The MIN-VALUE and MAX-VALUE arguments of make-progress-reporter' can now be nil, or omitted. This makes a "non-numeric" reporter. Each time you call progress-reporter-update' on that progress reporter, with a nil or omitted VALUE argument, the reporter message is displayed with a "spinning bar".

** New variable revert-buffer-in-progress-p' is true while a buffer is being reverted, even if the buffer has a local revert-buffer-function'.

** New variables delayed-warnings-list' and delayed-warnings-hook'. If delayed-warnings-list is non-nil, the command loop calls delayed-warnings-hook' after post-command-hook'. At present, this is only used by Emacs on some platforms to display warnings during startup, which might otherwise not be noticed. This uses the functions display-delayed-warnings' and collapse-delayed-warnings'.

** rx.el has a new `group-n' construct for explicitly numbered groups.

** New function `make-composed-keymap' that constructs a new keymap from multiple input maps. You can use this to make a keymap that inherits from multiple maps, eg: (set-keymap-parent newmap (make-composed-keymap othermap parent))

** New function `string-prefix-p'. (This was actually added in Emacs 23.2 but was not advertised at the time.)

** New reader macro ## that stands for the empty symbol. This means that the empty symbol can now be read back. Also, #: by itself (when not immediately followed by a possible symbol character) stands for an empty uninterned symbol.

** New math functions isnan', copysign', frexp', ldexp'.

** The following functions and variables are obsolete:

*** `tooltip-use-echo-area' is obsolete. Rather than setting this to t, disable Tooltip mode instead.

*** buffer-substring-filters is obsolete. Use `filter-buffer-substring-functions' instead.

*** `byte-compile-disable-print-circle' is obsolete.

*** deferred-action-list' and deferred-action-function' are obsolete. Use `post-command-hook' instead.

*** `font-lock-maximum-size' is obsolete.



• Changes in Emacs 24.1 on non-free operating systems

** On MS Windows, Emacs warns when using the obsolete init file _emacs, and also when HOME is set to C:\ by default.

** New configure.bat options

*** --enable-checking builds Emacs with extra runtime checks.

*** --distfiles specifies files to be included in binary distribution.

*** --without-gnutls disables automatic GnuTLS detection.

*** --lib for general library linkage, works with the USER_LIBS build variable.

** New make target `dist' to create binary distribution for MS Windows.

** The Lisp function `w32-default-color-map' is now obsolete. (It is only used internally in the Emacs C code.)

** Customize ns-auto-hide-menu-bar to have the menu-bar hidden, but reappear on mouse-over. (Requires OS X 10.6 or later.)

** On Mac OS X, dragging a file into Emacs visits the file, like on other platforms, rather than inserting its contents into the buffer.



This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GNU Emacs. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

 Local variables: mode: outline paragraph-separate: "[ ]*$" end: