Use PowerShell, the sqlserver module, and BCP.exe to extract data into files

ExportTablesWithBCP.ps1

Import-Module sqlserver

$serverName = "localhost"
$ExportFolder = "C:\temp\$serverName"
$databaseName = "AdventureWorks"
$tablesToExport = 'Person.Address','Person.AddressType','Person.BusinessEntity','Person.BusinessEntityAddress','Person.BusinessEntityContact','Person.ContactType','Person.CountryRegion','Person.EmailAddress','Person.Password','Person.Person','Person.PersonPhone','Person.PhoneNumberType','Person.StateProvince'

New-item -ItemType Directory -Path $ExportFolder -Force

foreach ($table in $tablesToExport) {
    Write-Host "Exporting $table to file...."
    $query = "SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE Table_Schema + '.' + Table_Name = '$table' ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION" 

    <# CSV Export #> 
    # <#  Comment this line out for CSV
    $TempOutputFile = Join-Path -Path $ExportFolder -ChildPath "$table_temp.csv"
    $OutputFile = Join-Path -Path $ExportFolder -ChildPath "$table.csv"
    $delimiter = ","

    $bcpCommand = "bcp $table out '$TempOutputFile' -d $databaseName -c -t ',' -S $serverName -T -TrustServerCertificate -r '`r`n' -C 65001"
    Invoke-Expression $bcpCommand

    $headers = (Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $serverName -Database $databaseName -Query $query -TrustServerCertificate |
        Select-Object -ExpandProperty COLUMN_NAME) -join $delimiter
    Set-Content -Path $OutputFile -Value $headers -Force #write header data
    Get-Content $TempOutputFile | Add-Content -Path $OutputFile #append data
    Remove-Item $TempOutputFile -Force

    Write-Output "Exported $table to $OutputFile"
    <# End CSV Export#>

    <#####################################################################################>

    <# Tab-delimited Export #>
    # <#  Comment this line out for Tab-delimited
    $TempOutputFile = Join-Path -Path $ExportFolder -ChildPath "$table_temp.tab"
    $OutputFile = Join-Path -Path $ExportFolder -ChildPath "$table.tab"
    $delimiter = "`t"

    $bcpCommand = "bcp '$table' out '$TempOutputFile' -d $databaseName -c -S $serverName -T -TrustServerCertificate -r '`r`n' -C 65001"
    Invoke-Expression $bcpCommand

    $headers = (Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $serverName -Database $databaseName -Query $query -TrustServerCertificate |
        Select-Object -ExpandProperty COLUMN_NAME) -join $delimiter
    Set-Content -Path $OutputFile -Value $headers -Force #write header data
    Get-Content $TempOutputFile | Add-Content -Path $OutputFile #append data
    Remove-Item $TempOutputFile -Force


    Write-Output "Exported $table to $OutputFile"
    <# End Tab-delimited Export#>

    <#####################################################################################>

    <# Pipe-delimited Export #>
    # <#  Comment this line out for Pipe-delimited
    $TempOutputFile = Join-Path -Path $ExportFolder -ChildPath "$table_temp.dat"
    $OutputFile = Join-Path -Path $ExportFolder -ChildPath "$table.dat"
    $delimiter = "|"

    $bcpCommand = "bcp '$table' out '$TempOutputFile' -d $databaseName -c -t '|' -S $serverName -T -TrustServerCertificate -r '`r`n' -C 65001"
    Invoke-Expression $bcpCommand

    $headers = (Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $serverName -Database $databaseName -Query $query -TrustServerCertificate |
        Select-Object -ExpandProperty COLUMN_NAME) -join $delimiter
    Set-Content -Path $OutputFile -Value $headers -Force #write header data
    Get-Content $TempOutputFile | Add-Content -Path $OutputFile #append data
    Remove-Item $TempOutputFile -Force

    Write-Output "Exported $table to $OutputFile"
    <# End Pipe-delimited Export#>

    <#####################################################################################>

    <# BCP Native Export #>
    # <#  Comment this line out for BCP Native
    $OutputFile = Join-Path -Path $ExportFolder -ChildPath "$table.bcp"
    $bcpCommand = "bcp $table out '$OutputFile' -d $databaseName -n -S $serverName -T -TrustServerCertificate"
    Invoke-Expression $bcpCommand
    Write-Output "Exported $table to $OutputFile"
    <# End BCP Native Export#>

}