Fact-checking the New Yorker

causes-icd.awk

BEGIN {
	# X40-X44 is accidental overdose.
	# X60-X64 is intentional (i.e., suicide)
	# Y10-Y14 is unknown intent.
	for(i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
		cs["X4" i]++
		cs["X6" i]++
		cs["Y1" i]++
	}
	for(i in cs)
		cs[i " "] = cs[i]
	# X85 is homicide; not by any stretch tied to the "opioid epidemic".
	# F11-F16 were phased out in 2008.  They were defined as "mental and
	# behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use", but
	# overdoses were reclassified as poisoning.

	# http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/T36-T50
	opioids["T400"]++ # Opium
	opioids["T401"]++ # Heroin
	opioids["T402"]++ # Codeine, morphine
	opioids["T403"]++ # Methadone
	opioids["T404"]++ # Pethidine, a.k.a. Demerol
	opioids["T406"]++ # Other/unspecified narcotics.  (Generous)
}

{
	total++
	age_unit = substr($0, 70, 1)
	age = substr($0, 71, 3); age++;age-- # Overcome zero-padding
	icd = substr($0, 146, 4)
	if(age < 50 || (age_unit > 1 && age_unit < 9)) {
		u50t++
		if(cs[icd] && have_opioids()) {
			if(icd ~ /X4/)
				opioid_accident++
			else if(icd ~/X6/)
				opioid_intent++
			opioid_total++
		}
		else
			ocs[substr(icd, 1, 1)]++
	}
}

END {
		print "Causes that were not due to self-administered opioid OD:"
		for(i in ocs) {
			print i, "\t" ocs[i]
		}
		print "Total from accidental opioid overdose:", opioid_accident
		print "Total from intentional opioid overdose:", opioid_intent
		print "Total from opioid overdose:", opioid_total
		print "Total:", u50t
		print "Total, including over-50:", total
}

function have_opioids() {
	return substr($0, 344, 100) ~ /T40[012346]/
}