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September 1, 2009 03:26
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Ping:~ Pete$ cd Documents/workspace/teal | |
Ping:teal Pete$ git stash | |
Usage: /usr/local/git/bin/git-stash [ | save | list | show | apply | clear | create ] | |
Ping:teal Pete$ | |
# Hm. I think "pop" is supposed to show up in there somewhere. Let's check git help: | |
Ping:teal Pete$ git help stash | |
GIT-STASH(1) Git Manual GIT-STASH(1) | |
NAME | |
git-stash - Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away | |
SYNOPSIS | |
git-stash (list | show [<stash>] | apply [<stash>] | clear) | |
git-stash [save [<message>]] | |
DESCRIPTION | |
Use git-stash when you want to record the current state of the working directory and the index, but | |
want to go back to a clean working directory. The command saves your local modifications away and | |
reverts the working directory to match the HEAD commit. | |
The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with git-stash list, inspected with | |
git-stash show, and restored (potentially on top of a different commit) with git-stash apply. Calling | |
git-stash without any arguments is equivalent to git-stash save. A stash is by default listed as "WIP | |
on branchname ...", but you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when you create | |
one. | |
The latest stash you created is stored in $GIT_DIR/refs/stash; older stashes are found in the reflog | |
of this reference and can be named using the usual reflog syntax (e.g. stash@{0} is the most recently | |
created stash, stash@{1} is the one before it, stash@{2.hours.ago} is also possible). | |
OPTIONS | |
save [<message>] | |
Save your local modifications to a new stash, and run git-reset --hard to revert them. This is | |
the default action when no subcommand is given. The <message> part is optional and gives the | |
description along with the stashed state. | |
list [<options>] | |
List the stashes that you currently have. Each stash is listed with its name (e.g. stash@{0} is | |
the latest stash, stash@{1} is the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current | |
when the stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was based on. | |
stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation | |
stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash | |
The command takes options applicable to the git-log(1) command to control what is shown and | |
how. | |
show [<stash>] | |
Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the stashed state and its original | |
parent. When no <stash> is given, shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the | |
diffstat, but it will accept any format known to git-diff (e.g., git-stash show -p stash@{1} to | |
view the second most recent stash in patch form). | |
apply [--index] [<stash>] | |
Restore the changes recorded in the stash on top of the current working tree state. When no | |
<stash> is given, applies the latest one. The working directory must match the index. | |
This operation can fail with conflicts; you need to resolve them by hand in the working tree. | |
If the --index option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working tree's changes, but | |
also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you have conflicts (which are stored in the | |
index, where you therefore can no longer apply the changes as they were originally). | |
clear Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then be subject to pruning, and may | |
be difficult or impossible to recover. | |
DISCUSSION | |
A stash is represented as a commit whose tree records the state of the working directory, and its | |
first parent is the commit at HEAD when the stash was created. The tree of the second parent records | |
the state of the index when the stash is made, and it is made a child of the HEAD commit. The ancestry | |
graph looks like this: | |
.----W | |
/ / | |
-----H----I | |
where H is the HEAD commit, I is a commit that records the state of the index, and W is a commit that | |
records the state of the working tree. | |
EXAMPLES | |
Pulling into a dirty tree | |
When you are in the middle of something, you learn that there are upstream changes that are | |
possibly relevant to what you are doing. When your local changes do not conflict with the | |
changes in the upstream, a simple git pull will let you move forward. | |
However, there are cases in which your local changes do conflict with the upstream changes, and | |
git pull refuses to overwrite your changes. In such a case, you can stash your changes away, | |
perform a pull, and then unstash, like this: | |
$ git pull | |
file foobar not up to date, cannot merge. | |
$ git stash | |
$ git pull | |
$ git stash apply | |
Interrupted workflow | |
When you are in the middle of something, your boss comes in and demands that you fix something | |
immediately. Traditionally, you would make a commit to a temporary branch to store your changes | |
away, and return to your original branch to make the emergency fix, like this: | |
$ git checkout -b my_wip | |
$ git commit -a -m "WIP" | |
$ git checkout master | |
$ edit emergency fix | |
$ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry" | |
$ git checkout my_wip | |
$ git reset --soft HEAD^ | |
You can use git-stash to simplify the above, like this: | |
$ git stash | |
$ edit emergency fix | |
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