Switching between Scenes (Screens) in JavaFx using the FXML

FXML2.fxml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>

<AnchorPane id="AnchorPane" prefHeight="237.0" prefWidth="448.0" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.60" fx:controller="FXMLDocumentController">
   <children>
      <Button fx:id="btn2" layoutX="159.0" layoutY="126.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#handleButtonAction" text="Click to go to scene 1" />
      <Label layoutX="179.0" layoutY="71.0" text="You re in scene 2" />
   </children>
</AnchorPane>

FXMLDocument.fxml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>

<AnchorPane id="AnchorPane" prefHeight="200" prefWidth="320" style="-fx-background-color: red;" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.60" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="FXMLDocumentController">
   <children>
      <Button fx:id="btn1" layoutX="81.0" layoutY="121.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#handleButtonAction" text="Click Here To goto scene 2" />
      <Label layoutX="122.0" layoutY="55.0" prefHeight="14.0" prefWidth="77.0" text="This is Scene 1" />
   </children>
</AnchorPane>

FXMLDocumentController.java

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class FXMLDocumentController implements Initializable {
    
    @FXML
    private Label lbl1,lbl2;
    
    @FXML
    private Button btn1,btn2;
    
    @FXML
    private void handleButtonAction (ActionEvent event) throws Exception {
        Stage stage;
        Parent root;
       
        if(event.getSource()==btn1){
            stage = (Stage) btn1.getScene().getWindow();
            root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("FXML2.fxml"));
        }
        else{
            stage = (Stage) btn2.getScene().getWindow();
            root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("FXMLDocument.fxml"));
        }
        Scene scene = new Scene(root);
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }
    
    @Override
    public void initialize(URL url, ResourceBundle rb) {
        // TODO
    }       
}

TwoScene.java

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class TwoScene extends Application {
    
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("FXMLDocument.fxml"));
        
        Scene scene = new Scene(root);
        
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }    
}

Omg, thank you so much. This worked for me. I was trying to change scenes for about several hours with two fxmls, two contollers (one to each fxml) and main class that starts program, but was getting null pointer exception or other errors. When I did it as you, with 2 fxmls and just ONE controller class, it did the trick. THANK YOU!

I feel the exact same way. Just such a relief for something to finally work. Thank you

This is incredibly helpful. I literally searched for half an hour and found no tangible solution until I ran upon this. It's simple yet effective. Thank you so much.

I keep getting a javafx.fxml.LoadException for the FXML2.fxml file

It's working for me. If you have a problem, it's maybe because of your package name. If the name of your package is "org.plann011.br" your link in the 2 FXML files should be "fx:controller="org.plann011.br.FXMLDocumentController"

You are honestly a godsend, thank you

Thanks!

Also,

I keep getting a javafx.fxml.LoadException for the FXML2.fxml file

Make sure your URL to the FXML file is correct and that the FXML file has correct format.

All I get is:m Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:389)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:328)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(LauncherHelper.java:767)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:917)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$154(LauncherImpl.java:182)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: inputStream is null.
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2455)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(FXMLLoader.java:2425)
at replacepane.Main.loadMainPane(Main.java:50)
at replacepane.Main.start(Main.java:32)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1$161(LauncherImpl.java:863)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait$174(PlatformImpl.java:326)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$172(PlatformImpl.java:295)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$173(PlatformImpl.java:294)
at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:95)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$147(WinApplication.java:177)
... 1 more
Exception running application replacepane.Main

Thanks. This code works for switching scenes. But, my current status (example, my currency is $900) in previous scene will be wiped out. So, my currency will be $0 again in every switching scenes. However, thanks for sharing this code and helped me.

Thanks pal

Many thanks for the solution. I passed mush time to reach the same the goal.