How to Disable Specific Blocks in the WordPress Gutenberg Block Editor using the allowed_block_types_all Hook

disable-blocks.php

<?php
function disable_specific_blocks( $allowed_block_types, $post ) {
    // Make sure allowed types is an array
    if ( ! is_array( $allowed_block_types ) ) {
        $allowed_block_types = array(
			'core/block', // Required to enable "Reusable blocks" feature.
			'core/columns',
			'core/paragraph',
			'core/image',
			'core/heading',
			'core/gallery',
			'core/list',
			'core/list-item',
			'core/pullquote',
			'core/audio',
			'core/button',
			'core/buttons',
			'core/file',
			'core/group',
			'core/separator',
			'core/media-text',
			'core/freeform',
			'core/embed',
			'core/spacer',
		);
    }
    
    // An array of block names to disable
    $disabled_blocks = array(
        'core/table',
        'core/image',
        'core/gallery',
    );
  
    // Use this condition to disable blocks on certain post types, otherwise you can remove this IF condition
    if ( $post->post_type === 'post' ) {
        $allowed_block_types = array_diff( $allowed_block_types, $disabled_blocks );
    }

    return $allowed_block_types;
}
add_filter( 'allowed_block_types_all', 'disable_specific_blocks', 10, 2 );
?>

I was just looking for something like this, unfortunately the array_diff fails with the first arg, as it defaults to true.

$allowed_block_types bool|string[]
Array of block type slugs, or boolean to enable/disable all.
Default true (all registered block types supported).