The Lenovo ThinkStation P330 can be upgraded to Thunderbolt 3 using their riser card (p/n 4XH0Y77510).
The card requires DisplayPort in and a 5-pin connector. These cards originally retailed for around $200-$300, they can be had on eBay as of this writing for $100 from China.
I purchased a ThinkStation P330 and noticed the connections for the card, but didn't feel like dropping $100 on one. I did have a Dell 83T0C Thunderbolt Card in my collection of stuff.
I picked up a USB F-F 5-pin cable (StarTech USBINT5PIN) and a short DP cable and was able to use it no problem. I hooked up a Thunderbolt to Mini DP adapter and was able to boot up using that as my primary monitor.
Total price was about: $55.50 = $45 (Card) + $6 (USB Cable) + $4.50 (DP Cable)
lspci shows:
01:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
02:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
02:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
02:02.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
02:04.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
03:00.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 NHI (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
37:00.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 USB Controller (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
More pics below.
