Extend a Linux file system after resizing a volume - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud

extend-the-file-system-of-ebs-volumes.md

Extend the file system of NVMe EBS volumes

For this example, suppose that you have an instance built on the Nitro System, such as an M5 instance. You resized the boot volume from 8 GB to 16 GB and an additional volume from 8 GB to 30 GB. Use the following procedure to extend the file system of the resized volumes.

To extend the file system of NVMe EBS volumes

1. Connect to your instance.

2. To verify the file system for each volume, use the df -hT command.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -hT

   The following is example output for an instance that has a boot volume with an XFS file system and an additional volume with an XFS file system. The naming convention /dev/nvme[0-26]n1 indicates that the volumes are exposed as NVMe block devices.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -hT

   Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

   /dev/nvme0n1p1 xfs 8.0G 1.6G 6.5G 20% /

   /dev/nvme1n1 xfs 8.0G 33M 8.0G 1% /data

3. To check whether the volume has a partition that must be extended, use the lsblk command to display information about the NVMe block devices attached to your instance.

   [ec2-user ~]$ lsblk

   NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

   nvme1n1 259:0 0 30G 0 disk /data

   nvme0n1 259:1 0 16G 0 disk

   └─nvme0n1p1 259:2 0 8G 0 part /

   └─nvme0n1p128 259:3 0 1M 0 part

   This example output shows the following:

   • The root volume, /dev/nvme0n1, has a partition, /dev/nvme0n1p1. While the size of the root volume reflects the new size, 16 GB, the size of the partition reflects the original size, 8 GB, and must be extended before you can extend the file system.

   • The volume /dev/nvme1n1 has no partitions. The size of the volume reflects the new size, 30 GB.

4. For volumes that have a partition, such as the root volume shown in the previous step, use the growpart command to extend the partition. Notice that there is a space between the device name and the partition number.

   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo growpart /dev/nvme0n1 1

5. (Optional) To verify that the partition reflects the increased volume size, use the lsblk command again.

   [ec2-user ~]$ lsblk

   NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

   nvme1n1 259:0 0 30G 0 disk /data

   nvme0n1 259:1 0 16G 0 disk

   └─nvme0n1p1 259:2 0 16G 0 part /

   └─nvme0n1p128 259:3 0 1M 0 part

6. To verify the size of the file system for each volume, use the df -h command. In this example output, both file systems reflect the original volume size, 8 GB.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -h

   Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

   /dev/nvme0n1p1 8.0G 1.6G 6.5G 20% /

   /dev/nvme1n1 8.0G 33M 8.0G 1% /data

7. To extend the file system on each volume, use the correct command for your file system, as follows:

   • [XFS file system] To extend the file system on each volume, use the xfs_growfs command. In this example, / and /data are the volume mount points shown in the output for df -h.

   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo xfs_growfs -d /

   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo xfs_growfs -d /data

   If the XFS tools are not already installed, you can install them as follows.

   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install xfsprogs

   • [ext4 file system] To extend the file system on each volume, use the resize2fs command.

     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo resize2fs /dev/nvme0n1p1 [ec2-user ~]$ sudo resize2fs /dev/nvme1n1

   • [Other file system] To extend the file system on each volume, refer to the documentation for your file system for instructions.

8. (Optional) To verify that each file system reflects the increased volume size, use the df -h command again.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -h

   Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

   /dev/nvme0n1p1 16G 1.6G 15G 10% /

   /dev/nvme1n1 30G 33M 30G 1% /data

Extend the file system of EBS volumes

For this example, suppose that you have resized the boot volume of an instance, such as a T2 instance, from 8 GB to 16 GB and an additional volume from 8 GB to 30 GB. Use the following procedure to extend the file system of the resized volumes.

To extend the file system of EBS volumes

1. Connect to your instance.

2. To verify the file system in use for each volume, use the df -hT command.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -hT

   The following is example output for an instance that has a boot volume with an ext4 file system and an additional volume with an XFS file system.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -hT

   Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

   /dev/xvda1 ext4 8.0G 1.9G 6.2G 24% /

   /dev/xvdf1 xfs 8.0G 45M 8.0G 1% /data

3. To check whether the volume has a partition that must be extended, use the lsblk command to display information about the block devices attached to your instance.

   [ec2-user ~]$ lsblk

   NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

   xvda 202:0 0 16G 0 disk

   └─xvda1 202:1 0 8G 0 part /

   xvdf 202:80 0 30G 0 disk

   └─xvdf1 202:81 0 8G 0 part /data

   This example output shows the following:

   • The root volume, /dev/xvda, has a partition, /dev/xvda1. While the size of the volume is 16 GB, the size of the partition is still 8 GB and must be extended.

   • The volume /dev/xvdf has a partition, /dev/xvdf1. While the size of the volume is 30G, the size of the partition is still 8 GB and must be extended.

4. For volumes that have a partition, such as the volumes shown in the previous step, use the growpart command to extend the partition. Notice that there is a space between the device name and the partition number.

   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo growpart /dev/xvda 1

   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo growpart /dev/xvdf 1

5. (Optional) To verify that the partitions reflect the increased volume size, use the lsblk command again.

   [ec2-user ~]$ lsblk

   NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

   xvda 202:0 0 16G 0 disk

   └─xvda1 202:1 0 16G 0 part /

   xvdf 202:80 0 30G 0 disk

   └─xvdf1 202:81 0 30G 0 part /data

6. To verify the size of the file system for each volume, use the df -h command. In this example output, both file systems reflect the original volume size, 8 GB.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -h

   Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

   /dev/xvda1 8.0G 1.9G 6.2G 24% /

   /dev/xvdf1 8.0G 45M 8.0G 1% /data

7. To extend the file system on each volume, use the correct command for your file system, as follows:

   • [XFS volumes] To extend the file system on each volume, use the xfs_growfs command. In this example, / and /data are the volume mount points shown in the output for df -h.

     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo xfs_growfs -d /

     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo xfs_growfs -d /data

     If the XFS tools are not already installed, you can install them as follows.

     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install xfsprogs

   • [ext4 volumes] To extend the file system on each volume, use the resize2fs command.

     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo resize2fs /dev/xvda1

     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo resize2fs /dev/xvdf1

   • [Other file system] To extend the file system on each volume, refer to the documentation for your file system for instructions.

8. (Optional) To verify that each file system reflects the increased volume size, use the df -h command again.

   [ec2-user ~]$ df -h

   Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

   /dev/xvda1 16G 1.9G 14G 12% /

   /dev/xvdf1 30G 45M 30G 1% /data