Docker Cheat-sheet for Beginners 🐳

#webdev #docker #beginners #programming

🔧 Common Docker Commands

Start Docker:

systemctl start docker  # Linux
open -a Docker  # macOS

Check Docker Version:

docker --version

📦 Working with Containers

List Running Containers:

docker ps

List All Containers (Running + Stopped):

docker ps -a

Run a Container (starts and attaches):

docker run <image_name>

Run in Detached Mode:

docker run -d <image_name>

Run with Port Mapping:

docker run -p <host_port>:<container_port> <image_name>

Stop a Running Container:

docker stop <container_id>

Start a Stopped Container:

docker start <container_id>

Remove a Stopped Container:

docker rm <container_id>

📜 Images

List Docker Images:

docker images

Pull an Image from Docker Hub:

docker pull <image_name>

Build an Image from Dockerfile:

docker build -t <image_name> .

Tag an Image:

docker tag <image_id> <new_image_name>:<tag>

Remove an Image:

docker rmi <image_id>

🔄 Container Management

View Logs of a Container:

docker logs <container_id>

Access a Running Container (Interactive Shell):

docker exec -it <container_id> /bin/bash

Copy Files from Container to Host:

docker cp <container_id>:<path_inside_container> <host_path>

🏗 Docker Networks

List Networks:

docker network ls

Create a Network:

docker network create <network_name>

Connect a Running Container to a Network:

docker network connect <network_name> <container_id>

🐳 Docker Compose

Start Services in Detached Mode:

docker-compose up -d

Stop Services:

docker-compose down

Build and Start Containers:

docker-compose up --build

📊 Inspecting and Monitoring

Inspect Container Details:

docker inspect <container_id>

Display Resource Usage (CPU, Memory):

docker stats

🛠 Volumes

List Volumes:

docker volume ls

Create a Volume:

docker volume create <volume_name>

Mount a Volume (during docker run):

docker run -v <volume_name>:<path_inside_container> <image_name>

💡 Pro Tip: Use docker system prune to remove unused containers, networks, and images.

Feel free to save or bookmark this cheat sheet for quick reference!

Docker #CheatSheet #Containers #DevOps

Helper Script

You can also make a helper script. Create a new file at the root folder called dc without extension. Here's an example content (modify for your needs):

#!/bin/bash
trap "exit" 0
DC="docker compose" # add  `-f docker/compose.yml` if it's in another folder
if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
    $DC ps -a
elif [ $1 == "up" ]; then
    $DC up -d
elif [ $1 == "nr" ]; then
    if [ $# -gt 1 ]; then
        $DC exec node su node -c "${*:2}"
    else
        $DC exec node su node
    fi
elif [ $1 == "npm" ]; then
    $DC exec node su node -c "npm ${*:2}"
elif [ $1 == "install" ]; then
    $DC exec node su node -c 'npm install'
elif [ $1 == "recreate" ]; then
    $DC up -d --force-recreate ${*:2}
elif [ $1 == "build" ]; then
    $DC up -d --force-recreate --build ${*:2}
else
    $DC $*
fi

Give execute permission with chmod +x ./dc. Now you can run:

./dc to show all containers with status
./dc up to start in detached mode
./dc install to run npm install in the node container as user node
./dc npm install package-name-here to run any npm command inside node container. Works with ./dc npm run start too
./dc nr interactive exec inside node container
./dc nr node index.js run any command inside node container
./dc recreate applies any modifications to docker-compose.yml
./dc recreate node applies modifications to compose, only for node container
./dc build if you have a custom dockerfile, does run dc up with a fresh build.
./dc logs -n 10 -f node - any other docker-compose command works as expected.

psenger/README.md