backup-tm

backup-tm.sh

#!/bin/sh
# rsync Apple TimeMachine-like backup script by Q.
# thanks to:
# http://habrahabr.ru/post/149059/
# http://www.jan-muennich.de/linux-backups-time-machine-rsyn

#uncomment to use notification
#export DISPLAY=:0
#export XAUTHORITY=/home/qntn/.Xauthority
#export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus

# datetime of backup
date=$( date "+%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S" )


# SETTINGS

src="/" # source to backup, / for all
dst="/run/media/external_drive/folder/" # backup source to destination dont forget / at the end of path
log="/home/user/.local/share/lastbackup"
lockfile_pathname="${dst}lock"
max_backup_count=5 # maximum backups keep
exclude_list="${dst}exclude.lst" # excluse list

# welcome screen
echo " _                _                "
echo "| |__   __ _  ___| | ___   _ _ __  "
echo "| '_ \\ / _\` |/ __| |/ | | | | '_ \\ "
echo "| |_) | (_| | (__|   <| |_| | |_) |"
echo "|_.__/ \\__,_|\\___|_|\\_\\\\__,_| .__/ "
echo "                            |_|    "
echo -e "\n:: Running time-machine backup...\n"

if [ ! -d "${dst}" ]
then
    echo -e "Destination ${dst} do not exists.\nAborting…"
    exit 2
elif [ -f "${lockfile_pathname}" ]
then
    echo -e "Lockfile ${lockfile_pathname} exists.\nAborting…"
    exit 2
elif [ ! -f "${exclude_list}" ]
then
    echo -e "Exclude list ${exclude_list} do not exists.\nAborting…"
    exit 2
fi

echo -e "  - Source:      \t${src}"
echo -e "  - Destination: \t${dst}"

if [ -f "${log}" ]
then
echo -e "  - Last backup:\t$(cat ${log})"
else
echo -e "  - Last backup:\tfile log not found."
fi

echo
read -p "→  Continue? [y/n] " -r
echo
if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]
then
    exit 1
fi

# first remove all but max_backup_count number of backups & logs
# then run rsync
sudo sh -c "
    echo 'Found backups:'
    find ${dst} -maxdepth 1 -type d -name '20*' | xargs -n1 basename | sort

    find ${dst} -maxdepth 1 -type d -name '20*' | sort | head -n -${max_backup_count} | xargs -i -n1 sh -c 'echo Removing {}...; rm -fr {};echo Done.;'
    find ${dst} -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '20*.log' | sort | head -n -${max_backup_count} | xargs -i -n1 sh -c 'rm -f {}; echo {} deleted.'

    touch ${lockfile_pathname} &&
    time rsync \
        --archive \
        --xattrs \
        --verbose \
        --human-readable \
        --inplace \
        --delete \
        --delete-excluded \
        --exclude-from=${exclude_list} \
        --link-dest=${dst}latest \
        ${src} \
        ${dst}${date} | tee ${dst}${date}.log ;
    rm -f ${dst}latest &&
    ln --symbolic --relative --verbose ${dst}${date} ${dst}latest &&
    echo -e '\nBackup done.' &&
    echo ${date} | tee ${log} &&
    rm ${lockfile_pathname};
    sync"

# List actual installed packages (archlinux / pacman)
# echo "List of installed packages ( ${date} )" > ${dst}installed_pkg_list
# pacman -Q >> ${dst}installed_pkg_list

# Notify end of backup
# dunstify -i folder-backup "Backup done." "${date}"

exclude.lst

# Include
+ /dev/console
#+ /dev/initctl
+ /dev/null
+ /dev/zero

# Exclude
- /dev/*
- /proc/*
- /sys/*
- /tmp/*
- *lost+found
- /media/*
- /run/*
- /mnt/*
- /var/tmp/*
- /var/cache/*
- /var/log/*
- /var/lib/dhcpcd/*
- /usr/src/*

- /home/user/.cache/*
- /home/user/downloads/*
- /home/user/.local/share/Trash/*
- /home/user/.gvfs

Edit and copy exclude.lst to backup destination folder:

vim exclude.lst
cp exclude.lst /run/media/external_drive/folder/

Give executable rights and run backup-tm.sh:

chmod +x backup-tm.sh
sh backup-tm.sh