Basic array operations.

intro-to-arrays.js

/* ARRAYS */
var fruit = ["pineapple", "mango", "limón"]; // array literal (i.e. creating a new array by typing in the values directly)

var empty = []; // an array with no items

// accessing an array
console.log( fruit[0] ); // print out 'pineapple'
console.log( fruit[1] ); // print out 'mango'

var myfruit = fruit[1];
console.log( myfruit ); // print out 'mango'

// push: add an item to an array
fruit.push("guanábana"); // now fruit looks like this:  ["pineapple", "mango", "limón", "guanábana"]

// pop: remove the last item from the array
console.log( fruit.pop() ); // print out 'guanábana'. AND now fruit looks like this:  ["pineapple", "mango", "limón"]

// get the length of an array
console.log( fruit.length ); // print out 3

// you can also use the length property within if statements
if(fruit.length > 10) {
  console.log("You have a ton of fruit!");
}

// standard for loop (how to loop through an array)
// THREE PARTS:
// 1. INITIALIZER: var i=0; (i.e. what the loop variable starts at)
// 2. CONDITION: i<fruit.length; (i.e. when the loop should stop running)
// 3. ITERATOR: i++ (i.e. how to advance the loop variable each iteration)

// If you're looping through any array, the only thing that changes, is the array variable in the CONDITION

for(var i=0; i<fruit.length; i++) { 
  console.log("Current fruit is: " + fruit[i]);
}