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rasmusab/nobel.csv

Created November 5, 2020 23:23
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Table with all Nobel prize winners from 1901 to 2020
Raw
nobel.csv
year category prize motivation prize_share laureate_id laureate_type full_name birth_date birth_city birth_country gender organization_name organization_city organization_country death_date death_city death_country
1901 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1901 in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions 1/1 160 Individual Jacobus H. van 't Hoff 1852-08-30 Rotterdam the Netherlands male Berlin University Berlin Germany 1911-03-01 Berlin Germany
1901 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1901 in special recognition of his poetic composition, which gives evidence of lofty idealism, artistic perfection and a rare combination of the qualities of both heart and intellect 1/1 569 Individual Sully Prudhomme 1839-03-16 Paris France male NA NA NA 1907-09-07 Châtenay France
1901 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901 for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, by which he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science and thereby placed in the hands of the physician a victorious weapon against illness and deaths 1/1 293 Individual Emil von Behring 1854-03-15 Lawice Poland male Marburg University Marburg Germany 1917-03-31 Marburg Germany
1901 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1901 for his lifelong work for international peace conferences, diplomacy and arbitration 1/2 463 Individual Frédéric Passy 1822-05-20 Paris France male NA NA NA 1912-06-12 Paris France
1901 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1901 for his humanitarian efforts to help wounded soldiers and create international understanding 1/2 462 Individual Henry Dunant 1828-05-08 Genève Switzerland male NA NA NA 1910-10-30 Heiden Switzerland
1901 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901 in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him 1/1 1 Individual Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen 1845-03-27 Remscheid Germany male Munich University Munich Germany 1923-02-10 Munich Germany
1902 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1902 in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his work on sugar and purine syntheses 1/1 161 Individual Emil Fischer 1852-10-09 Euskirchen Germany male Berlin University Berlin Germany 1919-07-15 Berlin Germany
1902 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1902 the greatest living master of the art of historical writing, with special reference to his monumental work, <I>A history of Rome</I> 1/1 571 Individual Theodor Mommsen 1817-11-30 Garding Germany male NA NA NA 1903-11-01 Charlottenburg Germany
1902 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1902 for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it 1/1 294 Individual Ronald Ross 1857-05-13 Almora India male University College Liverpool United Kingdom 1932-09-16 Putney Heath United Kingdom
1902 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1902 for his eminently practical administration of the Inter-Parliamentary Union 1/2 465 Individual Albert Gobat 1843-05-21 Tramelan Switzerland male NA NA NA 1914-03-16 Bern Switzerland
1902 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1902 for his untiring and skilful directorship of the Bern Peace Bureau 1/2 464 Individual Élie Ducommun 1833-02-19 Genève Switzerland male NA NA NA 1906-12-07 Bern Switzerland
1902 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1902 in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena 1/2 2 Individual Hendrik A. Lorentz 1853-07-18 Arnhem the Netherlands male Leiden University Leiden the Netherlands 1928-02-04 NA the Netherlands
1902 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1902 in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena 1/2 3 Individual Pieter Zeeman 1865-05-25 Zonnemaire the Netherlands male Amsterdam University Amsterdam the Netherlands 1943-10-09 Amsterdam the Netherlands
1903 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1903 in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation 1/1 162 Individual Svante Arrhenius 1859-02-19 Vik Sweden male Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden 1927-10-02 Stockholm Sweden
1903 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1903 as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit 1/1 572 Individual Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson 1832-12-08 Kvikne Norway male NA NA NA 1910-04-26 Paris France
1903 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1903 in recognition of his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science 1/1 295 Individual Niels Ryberg Finsen 1860-12-15 Thorshavn Faroe Islands (Denmark) male Finsen Medical Light Institute Copenhagen Denmark 1904-09-24 Copenhagen Denmark
1903 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1903 for his longstanding and devoted effort in favour of the ideas of peace and arbitration 1/1 466 Individual Randal Cremer 1828-03-18 Fareham United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1908-07-22 London United Kingdom
1903 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity 1/2 4 Individual Henri Becquerel 1852-12-15 Paris France male École Polytechnique Paris France 1908-08-25 NA France
1903 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel 1/4 6 Individual Marie Curie 1867-11-07 Warszawa Poland female NA NA NA 1934-07-04 Sallanches France
1903 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel 1/4 5 Individual Pierre Curie 1859-05-15 Paris France male École municipale de physique et de chimie industrielles (Municipal School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry) Paris France 1906-04-19 Paris France
1904 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1904 in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system 1/1 163 Individual Sir William Ramsay 1852-10-02 Glasgow Scotland male University College London United Kingdom 1916-07-23 High Wycombe United Kingdom
1904 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1904 in recognition of the fresh originality and true inspiration of his poetic production, which faithfully reflects the natural scenery and native spirit of his people, and, in addition, his significant work as a Proven&ccedil;al philologist 1/2 573 Individual Frédéric Mistral 1830-09-08 Maillane France male NA NA NA 1914-03-25 Maillane France
1904 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1904 in recognition of the numerous and brilliant compositions which, in an individual and original manner, have revived the great traditions of the Spanish drama 1/2 574 Individual José Echegaray 1832-04-19 Madrid Spain male NA NA NA 1916-09-04 Madrid Spain
1904 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1904 in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged 1/1 296 Individual Ivan Pavlov 1849-09-14 Ryazan Russia male Military Medical Academy St. Petersburg Russia 1936-02-27 Leningrad Russia
1904 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1904 for its striving in public law to develop peaceful ties between nations and to make the laws of war more humane 1/1 467 Organization Institute of International Law NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1904 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1904 for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies 1/1 8 Individual Lord Rayleigh 1842-11-12 Langford Grove, Maldon, Essex United Kingdom male Royal Institution of Great Britain London United Kingdom 1919-06-30 NA United Kingdom
1905 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1905 in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds 1/1 164 Individual Adolf von Baeyer 1835-10-31 Berlin Germany male Munich University Munich Germany 1917-08-20 Starnberg Germany
1905 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1905 because of his outstanding merits as an epic writer 1/1 575 Individual Henryk Sienkiewicz 1846-05-05 Wola Okrzejska Poland male NA NA NA 1916-11-15 Vevey Switzerland
1905 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905 for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis 1/1 297 Individual Robert Koch 1843-12-11 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany male Institute for Infectious Diseases Berlin Germany 1910-05-27 Baden-Baden Germany
1905 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1905 for her audacity to oppose the horrors of war 1/1 468 Individual Bertha von Suttner 1843-06-09 Prag Czech Republic female NA NA NA 1914-06-21 Vienna Austria
1905 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1905 for his work on cathode rays 1/1 9 Individual Philipp Lenard 1862-06-07 Bratislava Slovakia male Kiel University Kiel Germany 1947-05-20 Messelhausen Germany
1906 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1906 in recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation and isolation of the element fluorine, and for the adoption in the service of science of the electric furnace called after him 1/1 165 Individual Henri Moissan 1852-09-28 Paris France male Sorbonne University Paris France 1907-02-20 Paris France
1906 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1906 not only in consideration of his deep learning and critical research, but above all as a tribute to the creative energy, freshness of style, and lyrical force which characterize his poetic masterpieces 1/1 576 Individual Giosuè Carducci 1835-07-27 Val di Castello Italy male NA NA NA 1907-02-16 Bologna Italy
1906 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906 in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system 1/2 298 Individual Camillo Golgi 1843-07-07 Corteno Italy male Pavia University Pavia Italy 1926-01-21 Pavia Italy
1906 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906 in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system 1/2 299 Individual Santiago Ramón y Cajal 1852-05-01 Petilla de Aragón Spain male Madrid University Madrid Spain 1934-10-17 Madrid Spain
1906 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1906 for his role in bringing to an end the bloody war recently waged between two of the world's great powers, Japan and Russia 1/1 470 Individual Theodore Roosevelt 1858-10-27 New York, NY USA male NA NA NA 1919-01-06 Oyster Bay, NY USA
1906 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1906 in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases 1/1 10 Individual J.J. Thomson 1856-12-18 Cheetham Hill United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1940-08-30 Cambridge United Kingdom
1907 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1907 for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation 1/1 166 Individual Eduard Buchner 1860-05-20 München Germany male Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule (Agricultural College) Berlin Germany 1917-08-13 Focsani Romania
1907 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1907 in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world-famous author 1/1 577 Individual Rudyard Kipling 1865-12-30 Mumbai India male NA NA NA 1936-01-18 London United Kingdom
1907 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1907 in recognition of his work on the role played by protozoa in causing diseases 1/1 300 Individual Alphonse Laveran 1845-06-18 Paris France male Institut Pasteur Paris France 1922-05-18 Paris France
1907 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1907 for his work in the press and in peace meetings, both public and private, for an understanding between France and Italy 1/2 471 Individual Ernesto Teodoro Moneta 1833-09-20 Milano Italy male NA NA NA 1918-02-10 Milan Italy
1907 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1907 for his decisive influence upon the conduct and outcome of the Hague and Geneva Conferences 1/2 472 Individual Louis Renault 1843-05-21 Autun France male Sorbonne University Paris France 1918-02-08 Barbizon France
1907 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907 for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid 1/1 11 Individual Albert A. Michelson 1852-12-19 Strzelno Poland male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 1931-05-09 Pasadena, CA USA
1908 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1908 for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances 1/1 167 Individual Ernest Rutherford 1871-08-30 Nelson New Zealand male Victoria University Manchester United Kingdom 1937-10-19 Cambridge United Kingdom
1908 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1908 in recognition of his earnest search for truth, his penetrating power of thought, his wide range of vision, and the warmth and strength in presentation with which in his numerous works he has vindicated and developed an idealistic philosophy of life 1/1 578 Individual Rudolf Eucken 1846-01-05 Aurich Germany male NA NA NA 1926-09-14 Jena Germany
1908 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908 in recognition of their work on immunity 1/2 301 Individual Ilya Mechnikov 1845-05-15 Kharkiv Ukraine male Institut Pasteur Paris France 1916-07-15 Paris France
1908 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908 in recognition of their work on immunity 1/2 302 Individual Paul Ehrlich 1854-03-14 Strzelin Poland male Goettingen University Göttingen Germany 1915-08-20 Bad Homburg vor der Höhe Germany
1908 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1908 for their long time work for the cause of peace as politicians, peace society leaders, orators and authors 1/2 474 Individual Fredrik Bajer 1837-04-21 Næstved Denmark male NA NA NA 1922-01-22 Copenhagen Denmark
1908 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1908 for their long time work for the cause of peace as politicians, peace society leaders, orators and authors 1/2 473 Individual Klas Pontus Arnoldson 1844-10-27 Göteborg Sweden male NA NA NA 1916-02-20 Stockholm Sweden
1908 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1908 for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference 1/1 12 Individual Gabriel Lippmann 1845-08-16 Hollerich Luxembourg male Sorbonne University Paris France 1921-07-13 NA NA
1909 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1909 in recognition of his work on catalysis and for his investigations into the fundamental principles governing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction 1/1 168 Individual Wilhelm Ostwald 1853-09-02 Riga Latvia male Leipzig University Leipzig Germany 1932-04-04 Leipzig Germany
1909 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1909 in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterize her writings 1/1 579 Individual Selma Lagerlöf 1858-11-20 Mårbacka Sweden female NA NA NA 1940-03-16 Mårbacka Sweden
1909 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1909 for his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland 1/1 303 Individual Theodor Kocher 1841-08-25 Bern Switzerland male Berne University Bern Switzerland 1917-07-27 Bern Switzerland
1909 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1909 for their prominent position in the international movement for peace and arbitration 1/2 475 Individual Auguste Beernaert 1829-07-26 Ostend Belgium male NA NA NA 1912-10-06 Lucerne Switzerland
1909 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1909 for their prominent position in the international movement for peace and arbitration 1/2 476 Individual Paul Henri d'Estournelles de Constant 1852-11-22 La Flèche France male NA NA NA 1924-05-15 Paris France
1909 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909 in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy 1/2 14 Individual Ferdinand Braun 1850-06-06 Fulda Germany male Strasbourg University Strasbourg France 1918-04-20 Brooklyn, NY USA
1909 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909 in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy 1/2 13 Individual Guglielmo Marconi 1874-04-25 Bologna Italy male Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co. Ltd. London United Kingdom 1937-07-20 Rome Italy
1910 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1910 in recognition of his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds 1/1 169 Individual Otto Wallach 1847-03-27 Kaliningrad Russia male Goettingen University Göttingen Germany 1931-02-26 Göttingen Germany
1910 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1910 as a tribute to the consummate artistry, permeated with idealism, which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and writer of world-renowned short stories 1/1 580 Individual Paul Heyse 1830-03-15 Berlin Germany male NA NA NA 1914-04-02 Munich Germany
1910 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1910 in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins, including the nucleic substances 1/1 304 Individual Albrecht Kossel 1853-09-16 Rostock Germany male University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany 1927-07-05 Heidelberg Germany
1910 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1910 for acting as a link between the peace societies of the various countries, and helping them to organize the world rallies of the international peace movement 1/1 477 Organization Permanent International Peace Bureau NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1910 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1910 for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids 1/1 15 Individual Johannes Diderik van der Waals 1837-11-23 Leiden the Netherlands male Amsterdam University Amsterdam the Netherlands 1923-03-08 Amsterdam the Netherlands
1911 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911 in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element 1/1 6 Individual Marie Curie 1867-11-07 Warszawa Poland female Sorbonne University Paris France 1934-07-04 Sallanches France
1911 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1911 in appreciation of his many-sided literary activities, and especially of his dramatic works, which are distinguished by a wealth of imagination and by a poetic fancy, which reveals, sometimes in the guise of a fairy tale, a deep inspiration, while in a mysterious way they appeal to the readers' own feelings and stimulate their imaginations 1/1 581 Individual Maurice Maeterlinck 1862-08-29 Gent Belgium male NA NA NA 1949-05-06 Nice France
1911 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1911 for his work on the dioptrics of the eye 1/1 305 Individual Allvar Gullstrand 1862-06-05 Landskrona Sweden male Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden 1930-07-28 Stockholm Sweden
1911 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1911 for his effort to expose and fight what he considers to be the main cause of war, namely, the anarchy in international relations 1/2 479 Individual Alfred Fried 1864-11-11 Wien Austria male NA NA NA 1921-05-04 Vienna Austria
1911 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1911 for his role as co-founder of the Institut de droit international, initiator of the Conferences on International Private Law (Conférences de Droit international privé) at the Hague, and pioneer in the field of international legal relations 1/2 478 Individual Tobias Asser 1838-04-28 Amsterdam the Netherlands male NA NA NA 1913-07-29 the Hague the Netherlands
1911 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1911 for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat 1/1 16 Individual Wilhelm Wien 1864-01-13 Parusnoye Russia male Würzburg University Würzburg Germany 1928-08-30 Munich Germany
1912 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912 for his method of hydrogenating organic compounds in the presence of finely disintegrated metals whereby the progress of organic chemistry has been greatly advanced in recent years 1/2 173 Individual Paul Sabatier 1854-11-05 Carcassonne France male Toulouse University Toulouse France 1941-08-14 Toulouse France
1912 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912 for the discovery of the so-called Grignard reagent, which in recent years has greatly advanced the progress of organic chemistry 1/2 172 Individual Victor Grignard 1871-05-06 Cherbourg France male Nancy University Nancy France 1935-12-13 Lyon France
1912 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1912 primarily in recognition of his fruitful, varied and outstanding production in the realm of dramatic art 1/1 582 Individual Gerhart Hauptmann 1862-11-15 Bad Salzbrunn Poland male NA NA NA 1946-06-06 Jagniatków Poland
1912 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1912 in recognition of his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs 1/1 306 Individual Alexis Carrel 1873-06-28 Sainte-Foy-lès-Lyon France male Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York, NY USA 1944-11-05 Paris France
1912 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1912 for bringing about better understanding between the countries of North and South America and initiating important arbitration agreements between the United States and other countries 1/1 480 Individual Elihu Root 1845-02-15 Clinton, NY USA male NA NA NA 1937-02-07 New York, NY USA
1912 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1912 for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating lighthouses and buoys 1/1 17 Individual Gustaf Dalén 1869-11-30 Stenstorp Sweden male Swedish Gas-Accumulator Co. Lidingö, Stockholm Sweden 1937-12-09 Stockholm Sweden
1913 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1913 in recognition of his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules by which he has thrown new light on earlier investigations and opened up new fields of research especially in inorganic chemistry 1/1 174 Individual Alfred Werner 1866-12-12 Mulhouse France male University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland 1919-11-15 Zurich Switzerland
1913 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1913 because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West 1/1 583 Individual Rabindranath Tagore 1861-05-07 Calcutta India male NA NA NA 1941-08-07 Calcutta India
1913 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1913 in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis 1/1 307 Individual Charles Richet 1850-08-26 Paris France male Sorbonne University Paris France 1935-12-04 Paris France
1913 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1913 for his unparalleled contribution to the organization of peaceful internationalism 1/1 481 Individual Henri La Fontaine 1854-04-22 Bryssel Belgium male NA NA NA 1943-05-14 Brussels Belgium
1913 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1913 for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium 1/1 18 Individual Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 1853-09-21 Groningen the Netherlands male Leiden University Leiden the Netherlands 1926-02-21 Leiden the Netherlands
1914 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1914 in recognition of his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements 1/1 175 Individual Theodore W. Richards 1868-01-31 Germantown, PA USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1928-04-02 Cambridge, MA USA
1914 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1914 for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus 1/1 308 Individual Robert Bárány 1876-04-22 Wien Austria male Vienna University Vienna Austria 1936-04-08 Uppsala Sweden
1914 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1914 for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals 1/1 19 Individual Max von Laue 1879-10-09 Pfaffendorf Germany male Frankfurt-on-the-Main University Frankfurt-on-the-Main Germany 1960-04-23 Berlin Germany
1915 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1915 for his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll 1/1 176 Individual Richard Willstätter 1872-08-13 Karlsruhe Germany male Munich University Munich Germany 1942-08-03 Locarno Switzerland
1915 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1915 as a tribute to the lofty idealism of his literary production and to the sympathy and love of truth with which he has described different types of human beings 1/1 584 Individual Romain Rolland 1866-01-29 Clamecy France male NA NA NA 1944-12-30 Vézelay France
1915 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915 for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays 1/2 21 Individual Lawrence Bragg 1890-03-31 Adelaide Australia male Victoria University Manchester United Kingdom 1971-07-01 Ipswich United Kingdom
1915 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915 for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays 1/2 20 Individual William Bragg 1862-07-02 Wigton United Kingdom male University College London United Kingdom 1942-03-12 London United Kingdom
1916 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1916 in recognition of his significance as the leading representative of a new era in our literature 1/1 585 Individual Verner von Heidenstam 1859-07-06 Olshammar Sweden male NA NA NA 1940-05-20 Övralid Sweden
1917 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1917 for his authentic descriptions of present-day life in Denmark 1/2 587 Individual Henrik Pontoppidan 1857-07-24 Fredericia Denmark male NA NA NA 1943-08-21 Ordrup Denmark
1917 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1917 for his varied and rich poetry, which is inspired by lofty ideals 1/2 586 Individual Karl Gjellerup 1857-06-02 Roholte Denmark male NA NA NA 1919-10-11 Klotzsche Germany
1917 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1917 for the efforts to take care of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war and their families 1/1 482 Organization International Committee of the Red Cross NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1917 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1917 for his discovery of the characteristic R&ouml;ntgen radiation of the elements 1/1 22 Individual Charles Glover Barkla 1877-06-07 Widnes United Kingdom male Edinburgh University Edinburgh United Kingdom 1944-10-23 Edinburgh Scotland
1918 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1918 for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements 1/1 177 Individual Fritz Haber 1868-12-09 Wroclaw Poland male Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Fritz-Haber-Institut) für physikalische Chemie und Electrochemie Berlin-Dahlem Germany 1934-01-29 Basel Switzerland
1918 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1918 in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta 1/1 23 Individual Max Planck 1858-04-23 Kiel Germany male Berlin University Berlin Germany 1947-10-04 Göttingen Germany
1919 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1919 in special appreciation of his epic, <I>Olympian Spring</I> 1/1 588 Individual Carl Spitteler 1845-04-24 Liestal Switzerland male NA NA NA 1924-12-29 Lucerne Switzerland
1919 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1919 for his discoveries relating to immunity 1/1 309 Individual Jules Bordet 1870-06-13 Soignies Belgium male Brussels University Brussels Belgium 1961-04-06 Brussels Belgium
1919 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1919 for his role as founder of the League of Nations 1/1 483 Individual Woodrow Wilson 1856-12-28 Staunton, VA USA male NA NA NA 1924-02-03 Washington, DC USA
1919 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1919 for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields 1/1 24 Individual Johannes Stark 1874-04-15 Schickenhof Germany male Greifswald University Greifswald Germany 1957-06-21 Traunstein Germany
1920 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920 in recognition of his work in thermochemistry 1/1 178 Individual Walther Nernst 1864-06-25 Briesen Germany male Berlin University Berlin Germany 1941-11-18 Muskau Germany
1920 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1920 for his monumental work, <I>Growth of the Soil</I> 1/1 589 Individual Knut Hamsun 1859-08-04 Lom Norway male NA NA NA 1952-02-19 Grimstad Norway
1920 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1920 for his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism 1/1 310 Individual August Krogh 1874-11-15 Grenå Denmark male Copenhagen University Copenhagen Denmark 1949-09-13 Copenhagen Denmark
1920 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1920 for his longstanding contribution to the cause of peace and justice and his prominent role in the establishment of the League of Nations 1/1 484 Individual Léon Bourgeois 1851-05-21 Paris France male NA NA NA 1925-09-29 Épernay France
1920 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1920 in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys 1/1 25 Individual Charles Edouard Guillaume 1861-02-15 Fleurier Switzerland male Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (International Bureau of Weights and Measures) Sèvres France 1938-06-13 Sèvres France
1921 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1921 for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes 1/1 179 Individual Frederick Soddy 1877-09-02 Eastbourne United Kingdom male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1956-09-22 Brighton United Kingdom
1921 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1921 in recognition of his brilliant literary achievements, characterized as they are by a nobility of style, a profound human sympathy, grace, and a true Gallic temperament 1/1 590 Individual Anatole France 1844-04-16 Paris France male NA NA NA 1924-10-12 Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire France
1921 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1921 for their lifelong contributions to the cause of peace and organized internationalism 1/2 486 Individual Christian Lange 1869-09-17 Stavanger Norway male NA NA NA 1938-12-11 Oslo Norway
1921 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1921 for their lifelong contributions to the cause of peace and organized internationalism 1/2 485 Individual Hjalmar Branting 1860-11-23 Stockholm Sweden male NA NA NA 1925-02-24 Stockholm Sweden
1921 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921 for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect 1/1 26 Individual Albert Einstein 1879-03-14 Ulm Germany male Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck-Institut) für Physik Berlin Germany 1955-04-18 Princeton, NJ USA
1922 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1922 for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule 1/1 180 Individual Francis W. Aston 1877-09-01 Harborne United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1945-11-20 Cambridge United Kingdom
1922 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1922 for the happy manner in which he has continued the illustrious traditions of the Spanish drama 1/1 592 Individual Jacinto Benavente 1866-08-12 Madrid Spain male NA NA NA 1954-07-14 Madrid Spain
1922 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922 for his discovery relating to the production of heat in the muscle 1/2 311 Individual Archibald V. Hill 1886-09-26 Bristol United Kingdom male London University London United Kingdom 1977-06-03 Cambridge United Kingdom
1922 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922 for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle 1/2 312 Individual Otto Meyerhof 1884-04-12 Hanover Germany male Kiel University Kiel Germany 1951-10-06 Philadelphia, PA USA
1922 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1922 for his leading role in the repatriation of prisoners of war, in international relief work and as the League of Nations' High Commissioner for refugees 1/1 487 Individual Fridtjof Nansen 1861-10-10 Oslo Norway male NA NA NA 1930-05-13 Oslo Norway
1922 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922 for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them 1/1 27 Individual Niels Bohr 1885-10-07 Köpenhamn Denmark male Copenhagen University Copenhagen Denmark 1962-11-18 Copenhagen Denmark
1923 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923 for his invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances 1/1 181 Individual Fritz Pregl 1869-09-03 Ljubljana Slovenia male Graz University Graz Austria 1930-12-13 Graz Austria
1923 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1923 for his always inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation 1/1 593 Individual William Butler Yeats 1865-06-13 Dublin Ireland male NA NA NA 1939-01-28 Roquebrune-Cap-Martin France
1923 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923 for the discovery of insulin 1/2 313 Individual Frederick G. Banting 1891-11-14 Alliston Canada male University of Toronto Toronto Canada 1941-02-21 Newfoundland Canada
1923 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923 for the discovery of insulin 1/2 314 Individual John Macleod 1876-09-06 Cluny Scotland male University of Toronto Toronto Canada 1935-03-16 Aberdeen Scotland
1923 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1923 for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect 1/1 28 Individual Robert A. Millikan 1868-03-22 Morrison, IL USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1953-12-19 San Marino, CA USA
1924 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1924 for his great national epic, <I>The Peasants</I> 1/1 594 Individual Wladyslaw Reymont 1867-05-07 Kobiele Wielkie Poland male NA NA NA 1925-12-05 Warsaw Poland
1924 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924 for his discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram 1/1 315 Individual Willem Einthoven 1860-05-21 Semarang Indonesia male Leiden University Leiden the Netherlands 1927-09-29 Leiden the Netherlands
1924 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1924 for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy 1/1 29 Individual Manne Siegbahn 1886-12-03 Örebro Sweden male Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden 1978-09-26 Stockholm Sweden
1925 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1925 for his demonstration of the heterogenous nature of colloid solutions and for the methods he used, which have since become fundamental in modern colloid chemistry 1/1 182 Individual Richard Zsigmondy 1865-04-01 Wien Austria male Goettingen University Göttingen Germany 1929-09-24 Göttingen Germany
1925 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1925 for his work which is marked by both idealism and humanity, its stimulating satire often being infused with a singular poetic beauty 1/1 596 Individual George Bernard Shaw 1856-07-26 Dublin Ireland male NA NA NA 1950-11-02 Ayot St. Lawrence United Kingdom
1925 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1925 for his crucial role in bringing about the Dawes Plan 1/2 489 Individual Charles G. Dawes 1865-08-27 Marietta, OH USA male NA NA NA 1951-04-23 Evanston, IL USA
1925 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1925 for his crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty 1/2 488 Individual Sir Austen Chamberlain 1863-10-16 Birmingham United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1937-03-16 London United Kingdom
1925 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925 for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom 1/2 31 Individual Gustav Hertz 1887-07-22 Hamburg Germany male Halle University Halle Germany 1975-10-30 Berlin Germany
1925 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925 for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom 1/2 30 Individual James Franck 1882-08-26 Hamburg Germany male Goettingen University Göttingen Germany 1964-05-21 Göttingen Germany
1926 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1926 for his work on disperse systems 1/1 183 Individual The Svedberg 1884-08-30 Fleräng Sweden male Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden 1971-02-25 Örebro Sweden
1926 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1926 for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general 1/1 597 Individual Grazia Deledda 1871-09-27 Nuoro, Sardinia Italy female NA NA NA 1936-08-15 Rome Italy
1926 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1926 for his discovery of the Spiroptera carcinoma 1/1 316 Individual Johannes Fibiger 1867-04-23 Silkeborg Denmark male Copenhagen University Copenhagen Denmark 1928-01-30 Copenhagen Denmark
1926 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1926 for their crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty 1/2 490 Individual Aristide Briand 1862-03-28 Nantes France male NA NA NA 1932-03-07 Paris France
1926 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1926 for their crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty 1/2 491 Individual Gustav Stresemann 1878-05-10 Berlin Germany male NA NA NA 1929-10-03 Berlin Germany
1926 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1926 for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium 1/1 32 Individual Jean Baptiste Perrin 1870-09-30 Lille France male Sorbonne University Paris France 1942-04-17 New York, NY USA
1927 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1927 for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances 1/1 184 Individual Heinrich Wieland 1877-06-04 Pforzheim Germany male Munich University Munich Germany 1957-08-05 Munich Germany
1927 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1927 in recognition of his rich and vitalizing ideas and the brilliant skill with which they have been presented 1/1 600 Individual Henri Bergson 1859-10-18 Paris France male NA NA NA 1941-01-04 Paris France
1927 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927 for his discovery of the therapeutic value of malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica 1/1 317 Individual Julius Wagner-Jauregg 1857-03-07 Wels Austria male Vienna University Vienna Austria 1940-09-27 Vienna Austria
1927 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1927 for their contribution to the emergence in France and Germany of a public opinion which favours peaceful international cooperation 1/2 492 Individual Ferdinand Buisson 1841-12-20 Paris France male NA NA NA 1932-02-16 Thieuloy-Saint-Antoine France
1927 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1927 for their contribution to the emergence in France and Germany of a public opinion which favours peaceful international cooperation 1/2 493 Individual Ludwig Quidde 1858-03-23 Bremen Germany male NA NA NA 1941-03-04 Geneva Switzerland
1927 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1927 for his discovery of the effect named after him 1/2 33 Individual Arthur H. Compton 1892-09-10 Wooster, OH USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 1962-03-15 Berkeley, CA USA
1927 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1927 for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour 1/2 34 Individual C.T.R. Wilson 1869-02-14 Glencorse Scotland male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1959-11-15 Carlops Scotland
1928 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1928 for the services rendered through his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins 1/1 185 Individual Adolf Windaus 1876-12-25 Berlin Germany male Goettingen University Göttingen Germany 1959-06-09 Göttingen Germany
1928 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1928 principally for her powerful descriptions of Northern life during the Middle Ages 1/1 601 Individual Sigrid Undset 1882-05-20 Kalundborg Denmark female NA NA NA 1949-06-10 Lillehammer Norway
1928 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1928 for his work on typhus 1/1 318 Individual Charles Nicolle 1866-09-21 Rouen France male Institut Pasteur Tunis Tunisia 1936-02-28 Tunis Tunisia
1928 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1928 for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him 1/1 35 Individual Owen Willans Richardson 1879-04-26 Dewsbury United Kingdom male London University London United Kingdom 1959-02-15 Alton United Kingdom
1929 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1929 for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes 1/2 186 Individual Arthur Harden 1865-10-12 Manchester United Kingdom male London University London United Kingdom 1940-06-17 Bourne United Kingdom
1929 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1929 for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes 1/2 187 Individual Hans von Euler-Chelpin 1873-02-15 Augsburg Germany male Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden 1964-11-06 Stockholm Sweden
1929 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1929 principally for his great novel, <I>Buddenbrooks</I>, which has won steadily increased recognition as one of the classic works of contemporary literature 1/1 602 Individual Thomas Mann 1875-06-06 Lübeck Germany male NA NA NA 1955-08-12 Zurich Switzerland
1929 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1929 for his discovery of the antineuritic vitamin 1/2 319 Individual Christiaan Eijkman 1858-08-11 Nijkerk the Netherlands male Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands 1930-11-05 Utrecht the Netherlands
1929 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1929 for his discovery of the growth-stimulating vitamins 1/2 320 Individual Sir Frederick Hopkins 1861-06-20 Eastbourne United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1947-05-16 Cambridge United Kingdom
1929 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1929 for his crucial role in bringing about the Briand-Kellogg Pact 1/1 494 Individual Frank B. Kellogg 1856-12-22 Potsdam, NY USA male NA NA NA 1937-12-21 St. Paul, MN USA
1929 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1929 for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons 1/1 36 Individual Louis de Broglie 1892-08-15 Dieppe France male Sorbonne University, Institut Henri Poincaré Paris France 1987-03-19 Paris France
1930 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1930 for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin 1/1 188 Individual Hans Fischer 1881-07-27 Hoechst Germany male Technische Hochschule (Institute of Technology) Munich Germany 1945-03-31 Munich Germany
1930 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1930 for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humour, new types of characters 1/1 603 Individual Sinclair Lewis 1885-02-07 Sauk Centre, MN USA male NA NA NA 1951-01-10 Rome Italy
1930 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930 for his discovery of human blood groups 1/1 321 Individual Karl Landsteiner 1868-06-14 Wien Austria male Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York, NY USA 1943-06-26 New York, NY USA
1930 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1930 for promoting Christian unity and helping create 'that new attitude of mind which is necessary if peace between nations is to become reality' 1/1 495 Individual Nathan Söderblom 1866-01-15 Trönö Sweden male NA NA NA 1931-07-12 Uppsala Sweden
1930 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1930 for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him 1/1 37 Individual Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman 1888-11-07 Tiruchirappalli India male Calcutta University Calcutta India 1970-11-21 Bangalore India
1931 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1931 in recognition of their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods 1/2 189 Individual Carl Bosch 1874-08-27 Köln Germany male University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany 1940-04-26 Heidelberg Germany
1931 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1931 in recognition of their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods 1/2 190 Individual Friedrich Bergius 1884-10-11 Goldschmieden, nära Breslau Poland male University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany 1949-03-30 Buenos Aires Argentina
1931 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1931 The poetry of Erik Axel Karlfeldt 1/1 604 Individual Erik Axel Karlfeldt 1864-07-20 Karlbo Sweden male NA NA NA 1931-04-08 Stockholm Sweden
1931 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1931 for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme 1/1 322 Individual Otto Warburg 1883-10-08 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany male Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck-Institut) für Biologie Berlin-Dahlem Germany 1970-08-01 West Berlin Germany
1931 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1931 for their assiduous effort to revive the ideal of peace and to rekindle the spirit of peace in their own nation and in the whole of mankind 1/2 496 Individual Jane Addams 1860-09-06 Cedarville, IL USA female NA NA NA 1935-05-21 Chicago, IL USA
1931 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1931 for their assiduous effort to revive the ideal of peace and to rekindle the spirit of peace in their own nation and in the whole of mankind 1/2 497 Individual Nicholas Murray Butler 1862-04-02 Elizabeth, NJ USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA 1947-12-07 New York, NY USA
1932 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1932 for his discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry 1/1 191 Individual Irving Langmuir 1881-01-31 Brooklyn, NY USA male General Electric Company Schenectady, NY USA 1957-08-16 Falmouth, MA USA
1932 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1932 for his distinguished art of narration which takes its highest form in <I>The Forsyte Saga</I> 1/1 605 Individual John Galsworthy 1867-08-14 Kingston Hill United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1933-01-31 London United Kingdom
1932 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932 for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons 1/2 324 Individual Edgar Adrian 1889-11-30 London United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1977-08-08 Cambridge United Kingdom
1932 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932 for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons 1/2 323 Individual Sir Charles Sherrington 1857-11-27 London United Kingdom male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1952-03-04 Eastbourne United Kingdom
1932 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1932 for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen 1/1 38 Individual Werner Heisenberg 1901-12-05 Würzburg Germany male Leipzig University Leipzig Germany 1976-02-01 Munich Germany
1933 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1933 for the strict artistry with which he has carried on the classical Russian traditions in prose writing 1/1 606 Individual Ivan Bunin 1870-10-22 Voronezh Russia male NA NA NA 1953-11-08 Paris France
1933 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1933 for his discoveries concerning the role played by the chromosome in heredity 1/1 325 Individual Thomas H. Morgan 1866-09-25 Lexington, KY USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1945-12-04 Pasadena, CA USA
1933 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1933 for having exposed by his pen the illusion of war and presented a convincing plea for international cooperation and peace 1/1 498 Individual Sir Norman Angell 1872-12-26 Holbeach United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1967-10-07 Croydon United Kingdom
1933 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1933 for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory 1/2 39 Individual Erwin Schrödinger 1887-08-12 Wien Austria male Berlin University Berlin Germany 1961-01-04 Vienna Austria
1933 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1933 for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory 1/2 40 Individual Paul A.M. Dirac 1902-08-08 Bristol United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1984-10-20 Tallahassee, FL USA
1934 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1934 for his discovery of heavy hydrogen 1/1 192 Individual Harold C. Urey 1893-04-29 Walkerton, IN USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA 1981-01-05 La Jolla, CA USA
1934 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1934 for his bold and ingenious revival of dramatic and scenic art 1/1 607 Individual Luigi Pirandello 1867-06-28 Agrigento, Sicily Italy male NA NA NA 1936-12-10 Rome Italy
1934 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934 for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia 1/3 326 Individual George H. Whipple 1878-08-28 Ashland, NH USA male University of Rochester Rochester, NY USA 1976-02-01 Rochester, NY USA
1934 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934 for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia 1/3 327 Individual George R. Minot 1885-12-02 Boston, MA USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1950-02-25 Brookline, MA USA
1934 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934 for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia 1/3 328 Individual William P. Murphy 1892-02-06 Stoughton, WI USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1987-10-09 Brookline, MA USA
1934 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1934 for his untiring struggle and his courageous efforts as Chairman of the League of Nations Disarmament Conference 1931-34 1/1 499 Individual Arthur Henderson 1863-09-13 Glasgow Scotland male NA NA NA 1935-10-20 London United Kingdom
1935 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935 in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements 1/2 193 Individual Frédéric Joliot 1900-03-19 Paris France male Institut du Radium Paris France 1958-08-14 Paris France
1935 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935 in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements 1/2 194 Individual Irène Joliot-Curie 1897-09-12 Paris France female Institut du Radium Paris France 1956-03-17 Paris France
1935 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1935 for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development 1/1 329 Individual Hans Spemann 1869-06-27 Stuttgart Germany male University of Freiburg im Breisgau Breisgau Germany 1941-09-12 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
1935 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1935 for his burning love for freedom of thought and expression and his valuable contribution to the cause of peace 1/1 500 Individual Carl von Ossietzky 1889-10-03 Hamburg Germany male NA NA NA 1938-05-04 Berlin Germany
1935 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1935 for the discovery of the neutron 1/1 41 Individual James Chadwick 1891-10-20 Manchester United Kingdom male Liverpool University Liverpool United Kingdom 1974-07-24 Cambridge United Kingdom
1936 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936 for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases 1/1 195 Individual Peter Debye 1884-03-24 Maastricht the Netherlands male Berlin University Berlin Germany 1966-11-02 Ithaca, NY USA
1936 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1936 for the power, honesty and deep-felt emotions of his dramatic works, which embody an original concept of tragedy 1/1 608 Individual Eugene O'Neill 1888-10-16 New York, NY USA male NA NA NA 1953-11-27 Boston, MA USA
1936 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936 for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses 1/2 331 Individual Otto Loewi 1873-06-03 Frankfurt am Main Germany male Graz University Graz Austria 1961-12-25 New York, NY USA
1936 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936 for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses 1/2 330 Individual Sir Henry Dale 1875-06-09 London United Kingdom male National Institute for Medical Research London United Kingdom 1968-07-23 Cambridge United Kingdom
1936 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1936 for his role as father of the Argentine Antiwar Pact of 1933, which he also used as a means to mediate peace between Paraguay and Bolivia in 1935 1/1 501 Individual Carlos Saavedra Lamas 1878-11-01 Buenos Aires Argentina male NA NA NA 1959-05-05 Buenos Aires Argentina
1936 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1936 for his discovery of the positron 1/2 43 Individual Carl D. Anderson 1905-09-03 New York, NY USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1991-01-11 San Marino, CA USA
1936 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1936 for his discovery of cosmic radiation 1/2 42 Individual Victor F. Hess 1883-06-24 Peggau Austria male Innsbruck University Innsbruck Austria 1964-12-17 Mount Verno, NY USA
1937 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1937 for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C 1/2 196 Individual Norman Haworth 1883-03-19 Chorley United Kingdom male Birmingham University Birmingham United Kingdom 1950-03-19 Birmingham United Kingdom
1937 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1937 for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2 1/2 197 Individual Paul Karrer 1889-04-21 Moskva Russia male University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland 1971-06-18 Zurich Switzerland
1937 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1937 for the artistic power and truth with which he has depicted human conflict as well as some fundamental aspects of contemporary life in his novel-cycle <I>Les Thibault</I> 1/1 609 Individual Roger Martin du Gard 1881-03-23 Neuilly-sur-Seine France male NA NA NA 1958-08-22 Bellême France
1937 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1937 for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid 1/1 332 Individual Albert Szent-Györgyi 1893-09-16 Budapest Hungary male Szeged University Szeged Hungary 1986-10-22 Woods Hole, MA USA
1937 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1937 for his tireless effort in support of the League of Nations, disarmament and peace 1/1 502 Individual Robert Cecil, Viscount Cecil of Chelwood 1864-09-14 London United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1958-11-24 Tunbridge Wells United Kingdom
1937 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1937 for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals 1/2 44 Individual Clinton Davisson 1881-10-22 Bloomington, IL USA male Bell Telephone Laboratories New York, NY USA 1958-02-01 Charlottesville, VA USA
1937 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1937 for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals 1/2 45 Individual George Paget Thomson 1892-05-03 Cambridge United Kingdom male London University London United Kingdom 1975-09-10 Cambridge United Kingdom
1938 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1938 for his work on carotenoids and vitamins 1/1 198 Individual Richard Kuhn 1900-12-03 Wien Austria male Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck Institut) für Medizinische Forschung Heidelberg Germany 1967-07-31 Heidelberg Germany
1938 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1938 for her rich and truly epic descriptions of peasant life in China and for her biographical masterpieces 1/1 610 Individual Pearl Buck 1892-06-26 Hillsboro, WV USA female NA NA NA 1973-03-06 Danby, VT USA
1938 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1938 for the discovery of the role played by the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration 1/1 333 Individual Corneille Heymans 1892-03-28 Gent Belgium male Ghent University Ghent Belgium 1968-07-18 Knokke Belgium
1938 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1938 for having carried on the work of Fridtjof Nansen to the benefit of refugees across Europe 1/1 503 Organization Nansen International Office for Refugees NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1938 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1938 for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons 1/1 46 Individual Enrico Fermi 1901-09-29 Rom Italy male Rome University Rome Italy 1954-11-28 Chicago, IL USA
1939 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939 for his work on sex hormones 1/2 199 Individual Adolf Butenandt 1903-03-24 Bremerhaven-Lehe Germany male Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck-Institut) für Biochemie Berlin-Dahlem Germany 1995-01-18 Munich Germany
1939 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939 for his work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes 1/2 200 Individual Leopold Ruzicka 1887-09-13 Vukovar Croatia male Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland 1976-09-26 Zurich Switzerland
1939 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1939 for his deep understanding of his country's peasantry and the exquisite art with which he has portrayed their way of life and their relationship with Nature 1/1 613 Individual Frans Eemil Sillanpää 1888-09-16 Hämeenkyrö Finland male NA NA NA 1964-06-03 Helsinki Finland
1939 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1939 for the discovery of the antibacterial effects of prontosil 1/1 334 Individual Gerhard Domagk 1895-10-30 Lagow Poland male Munster University Munster Germany 1964-04-24 Burgberg Germany
1939 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1939 for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements 1/1 47 Individual Ernest Lawrence 1901-08-08 Canton, SD USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 1958-08-27 Palo Alto, CA USA
1943 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1943 for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes 1/1 201 Individual George de Hevesy 1885-08-01 Budapest Hungary male Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden 1966-07-05 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
1943 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1943 for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K 1/2 336 Individual Edward A. Doisy 1893-11-13 Hume, IL USA male Saint Louis University St. Louis, MO USA 1986-10-23 St. Louis, MO USA
1943 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1943 for his discovery of vitamin K 1/2 335 Individual Henrik Dam 1895-02-21 Köpenhamn Denmark male Polytechnic Institute Copenhagen Denmark 1976-04-17 Copenhagen Denmark
1943 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943 for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton 1/1 48 Individual Otto Stern 1888-02-17 Zory Poland male Carnegie Institute of Technology Pittsburgh, PA USA 1969-08-17 Berkeley, CA USA
1944 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1944 for his discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei 1/1 202 Individual Otto Hahn 1879-03-08 Frankfurt am Main Germany male Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck Institut) für Chemie Berlin-Dahlem Germany 1968-07-28 Göttingen Germany
1944 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1944 for the rare strength and fertility of his poetic imagination with which is combined an intellectual curiosity of wide scope and a bold, freshly creative style 1/1 614 Individual Johannes V. Jensen 1873-01-20 Farsø Denmark male NA NA NA 1950-11-25 Copenhagen Denmark
1944 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944 for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres 1/2 338 Individual Herbert S. Gasser 1888-07-05 Platteville, WI USA male Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York, NY USA 1963-05-11 New York, NY USA
1944 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944 for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres 1/2 337 Individual Joseph Erlanger 1874-01-05 San Francisco, CA USA male Washington University St. Louis, MO USA 1965-12-05 St. Louis, MO USA
1944 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1944 for the great work it has performed during the war on behalf of humanity 1/1 482 Organization International Committee of the Red Cross NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1944 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944 for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei 1/1 49 Individual Isidor Isaac Rabi 1898-07-29 Rymanow Poland male Columbia University New York, NY USA 1988-01-11 New York, NY USA
1945 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1945 for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method 1/1 203 Individual Artturi Virtanen 1895-01-15 Helsingfors Finland male University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland 1973-11-11 Helsinki Finland
1945 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945 for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world 1/1 615 Individual Gabriela Mistral 1889-04-07 Vicuña Chile female NA NA NA 1957-01-10 Hempstead, NY USA
1945 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases 1/3 340 Individual Ernst B. Chain 1906-06-19 Berlin Germany male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1979-08-12 Mulrany Ireland
1945 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases 1/3 339 Individual Sir Alexander Fleming 1881-08-06 Lochfield Scotland male London University London United Kingdom 1955-03-11 London United Kingdom
1945 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases 1/3 341 Individual Sir Howard Florey 1898-09-24 Adelaide Australia male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1968-02-21 Oxford United Kingdom
1945 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1945 for his indefatigable work for international understanding and his pivotal role in establishing the United Nations 1/1 505 Individual Cordell Hull 1871-10-02 Olympus, TN USA male NA NA NA 1955-07-23 Bethesda, MD USA
1945 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945 for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle 1/1 50 Individual Wolfgang Pauli 1900-04-25 Wien Austria male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA 1958-12-15 Zurich Switzerland
1946 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946 for his discovery that enzymes can be crystallized 1/2 204 Individual James B. Sumner 1887-11-19 Canton, MA USA male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA 1955-08-12 Buffalo, NY USA
1946 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946 for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form 1/4 205 Individual John H. Northrop 1891-07-05 Yonkers, NY USA male Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research Princeton, NJ USA 1987-05-27 Wickenberg, AZ USA
1946 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946 for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form 1/4 206 Individual Wendell M. Stanley 1904-08-16 Ridgeville, IN USA male Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research Princeton, NJ USA 1971-06-15 Salamanca Spain
1946 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1946 for his inspired writings which, while growing in boldness and penetration, exemplify the classical humanitarian ideals and high qualities of style 1/1 617 Individual Hermann Hesse 1877-07-02 Calw Germany male NA NA NA 1962-08-09 Montagnola Switzerland
1946 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946 for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation 1/1 342 Individual Hermann J. Muller 1890-12-21 New York, NY USA male Indiana University Bloomington, IN USA 1967-04-05 Indianapolis, IN USA
1946 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1946 for her lifelong work for the cause of peace 1/2 506 Individual Emily Greene Balch 1867-01-08 Boston, MA USA female NA NA NA 1961-01-09 Cambridge, MA USA
1946 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1946 for his contribution to the creation of a peace-promoting religious brotherhood across national boundaries 1/2 507 Individual John R. Mott 1865-05-25 Livingston Manor, NY USA male NA NA NA 1955-01-31 NA USA
1946 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1946 for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics 1/1 51 Individual Percy W. Bridgman 1882-04-21 Cambridge, MA USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1961-08-20 Randolph, NH USA
1947 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1947 for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids 1/1 207 Individual Sir Robert Robinson 1886-09-13 Rufford, nära Chesterfield United Kingdom male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1975-02-08 Great Missenden United Kingdom
1947 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1947 for his comprehensive and artistically significant writings, in which human problems and conditions have been presented with a fearless love of truth and keen psychological insight 1/1 618 Individual André Gide 1869-11-22 Paris France male NA NA NA 1951-02-19 Paris France
1947 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar 1/2 345 Individual Bernardo Houssay 1887-04-10 Buenos Aires Argentina male Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental (Institute for Biology and Experimental Medicine) Buenos Aires Argentina 1971-09-21 Buenos Aires Argentina
1947 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen 1/4 343 Individual Carl Cori 1896-12-05 Prag Czech Republic male Washington University St. Louis, MO USA 1984-10-20 Cambridge, MA USA
1947 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen 1/4 344 Individual Gerty Cori 1896-08-15 Prag Czech Republic female Washington University St. Louis, MO USA 1957-10-26 St. Louis, MO USA
1947 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1947 for their pioneering work in the international peace movement and compassionate effort to relieve human suffering, thereby promoting the fraternity between nations 1/2 509 Organization American Friends Service Committee NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1947 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1947 for their pioneering work in the international peace movement and compassionate effort to relieve human suffering, thereby promoting the fraternity between nations 1/2 508 Organization Friends Service Council NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1947 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1947 for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer 1/1 52 Individual Edward V. Appleton 1892-09-06 Bradford United Kingdom male Department of Scientific and Industrial Research London United Kingdom 1965-04-21 Edinburgh Scotland
1948 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1948 for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins 1/1 208 Individual Arne Tiselius 1902-08-10 Stockholm Sweden male Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden 1971-10-29 Uppsala Sweden
1948 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1948 for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry 1/1 619 Individual T.S. Eliot 1888-09-26 St. Louis, MO USA male NA NA NA 1965-01-04 London United Kingdom
1948 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1948 for his discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison against several arthropods 1/1 346 Individual Paul Müller 1899-01-12 Olten Switzerland male Laboratorium der Farben-Fabriken J.R. Geigy A.G. (Laboratory of the J.R. Geigy Dye-Factory Co.) Basel Switzerland 1965-10-12 Basel Switzerland
1948 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1948 for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation 1/1 53 Individual Patrick M.S. Blackett 1897-11-18 London United Kingdom male Victoria University Manchester United Kingdom 1974-07-13 London United Kingdom
1949 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949 for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures 1/1 209 Individual William F. Giauque 1895-05-12 Niagarafallen Canada male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 1982-03-28 Berkeley, CA USA
1949 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1949 for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel 1/1 620 Individual William Faulkner 1897-09-25 New Albany, MS USA male NA NA NA 1962-07-06 Byhalia, MS USA
1949 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses 1/2 348 Individual Egas Moniz 1874-11-29 Avanca Portugal male University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal 1955-12-13 Lisbon Portugal
1949 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs 1/2 347 Individual Walter Hess 1881-03-17 Frauenfeld Switzerland male University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland 1973-08-12 Ascona Switzerland
1949 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1949 for his lifelong effort to conquer hunger and want, thereby helping to remove a major cause of military conflict and war 1/1 510 Individual Lord Boyd Orr 1880-09-23 Kilmaurs Scotland male NA NA NA 1971-06-25 Edzell Scotland
1949 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1949 for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces 1/1 54 Individual Hideki Yukawa 1907-01-23 Tokyo Japan male Kyoto Imperial University Kyoto Japan 1981-09-08 Kyoto Japan
1950 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950 for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis 1/2 211 Individual Kurt Alder 1902-07-10 Chorzów Poland male Cologne University Cologne Germany 1958-06-20 Cologne Germany
1950 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950 for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis 1/2 210 Individual Otto Diels 1876-01-23 Hamburg Germany male Kiel University Kiel Germany 1954-03-07 Kiel Germany
1950 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1950 in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought 1/1 621 Individual Bertrand Russell 1872-05-18 Trelleck United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1970-02-02 Penrhyndeudraeth United Kingdom
1950 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950 for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects 1/3 349 Individual Edward C. Kendall 1886-03-08 South Norwalk, CT USA male Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN USA 1972-05-04 Princeton, NJ USA
1950 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950 for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects 1/3 351 Individual Philip S. Hench 1896-02-28 Pittsburgh, PA USA male Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN USA 1965-03-30 Ocho Rios Jamaica
1950 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950 for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects 1/3 350 Individual Tadeus Reichstein 1897-07-20 Wloclawek Poland male Basel University Basel Switzerland 1996-08-01 Basel Switzerland
1950 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1950 for his work as mediator in Palestine in 1948-1949 1/1 511 Individual Ralph Bunche 1904-08-07 Detroit, MI USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1971-12-09 New York, NY USA
1950 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1950 for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method 1/1 55 Individual Cecil Powell 1903-12-05 Tonbridge United Kingdom male Bristol University Bristol United Kingdom 1969-08-09 NA Italy
1951 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1951 for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements 1/2 212 Individual Edwin M. McMillan 1907-09-18 Redondo Beach, CA USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 1991-09-07 El Cerrito, CA USA
1951 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1951 for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements 1/2 213 Individual Glenn T. Seaborg 1912-04-19 Ishpeming, MI USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 1999-02-25 Lafayette, CA USA
1951 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1951 for the artistic vigour and true independence of mind with which he endeavours in his poetry to find answers to the eternal questions confronting mankind 1/1 622 Individual Pär Lagerkvist 1891-05-23 Växjö Sweden male NA NA NA 1974-07-11 Stockholm Sweden
1951 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1951 for his discoveries concerning yellow fever and how to combat it 1/1 352 Individual Max Theiler 1899-01-30 Pretoria South Africa male Laboratories of the Division of Medicine and Public Health, Rockefeller Foundation New York, NY USA 1972-08-11 New Haven, CT USA
1951 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1951 for having devoted his life to the fight against war through the promotion of social justice and brotherhood among men and nations 1/1 512 Individual Léon Jouhaux 1879-07-01 Paris France male NA NA NA 1954-04-28 Paris France
1951 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1951 for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles 1/2 57 Individual Ernest T.S. Walton 1903-10-06 Dungarvan Ireland male Trinity College Dublin Ireland 1995-06-25 Belfast Northern Ireland
1951 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1951 for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles 1/2 56 Individual John Cockcroft 1897-05-27 Todmorden United Kingdom male Atomic Energy Research Establishment Harwell, Berkshire United Kingdom 1967-09-18 Cambridge United Kingdom
1952 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1952 for their invention of partition chromatography 1/2 214 Individual Archer J.P. Martin 1910-03-01 London United Kingdom male National Institute for Medical Research London United Kingdom 2002-07-28 Llangarron United Kingdom
1952 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1952 for their invention of partition chromatography 1/2 215 Individual Richard L.M. Synge 1914-10-28 Liverpool United Kingdom male Rowett Research Institute Bucksburn (Scotland) United Kingdom 1994-08-18 Norwich United Kingdom
1952 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1952 for the deep spiritual insight and the artistic intensity with which he has in his novels penetrated the drama of human life 1/1 623 Individual François Mauriac 1885-10-11 Bordeaux France male NA NA NA 1970-09-01 Paris France
1952 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1952 for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis 1/1 353 Individual Selman A. Waksman 1888-07-22 Nova Pryluka Ukraine male Rutgers University New Brunswick, NJ USA 1973-08-16 Hyannis, MA USA
1952 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1952 for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one 1/1 513 Individual Albert Schweitzer 1875-01-14 Kaysersberg France male NA NA NA 1965-09-04 Lambaréné Gabon
1952 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1952 for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith 1/2 59 Individual E. M. Purcell 1912-08-30 Taylorville, IL USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1997-03-07 Cambridge, MA USA
1952 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1952 for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith 1/2 58 Individual Felix Bloch 1905-10-23 Zurich Switzerland male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 1983-09-10 Zurich Switzerland
1953 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1953 for his discoveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry 1/1 216 Individual Hermann Staudinger 1881-03-23 Worms Germany male University of Freiburg Breisgau Germany 1965-09-08 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
1953 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1953 for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values 1/1 624 Individual Winston Churchill 1874-11-30 Woodstock United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1965-01-24 London United Kingdom
1953 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953 for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism 1/2 355 Individual Fritz Lipmann 1899-06-12 Kaliningrad Russia male Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA 1986-07-24 Poughkeepsie, NY USA
1953 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953 for his discovery of the citric acid cycle 1/2 354 Individual Hans Krebs 1900-08-25 Hildesheim Germany male Sheffield University Sheffield United Kingdom 1981-11-22 Oxford United Kingdom
1953 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1953 for proposing and supervising the plan for the economic recovery of Europe 1/1 514 Individual George C. Marshall 1880-12-31 Uniontown, PA USA male NA NA NA 1959-10-16 Washington, DC USA
1953 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1953 for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope 1/1 60 Individual Frits Zernike 1888-07-16 Amsterdam the Netherlands male Groningen University Groningen the Netherlands 1966-03-10 Groningen the Netherlands
1954 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances 1/1 217 Individual Linus Pauling 1901-02-28 Portland, OR USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1994-08-19 Big Sur, CA USA
1954 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1954 for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in <I>The Old Man and the Sea,</I> and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style 1/1 625 Individual Ernest Hemingway 1899-07-21 Oak Park, IL USA male NA NA NA 1961-07-02 Ketchum, ID USA
1954 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue 1/3 358 Individual Frederick C. Robbins 1916-08-25 Auburn, AL USA male Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH USA 2003-08-04 Cleveland, OH USA
1954 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue 1/3 356 Individual John F. Enders 1897-02-10 West Hartford, CT USA male Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA 1985-09-08 Waterford, CT USA
1954 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue 1/3 357 Individual Thomas H. Weller 1915-06-15 Ann Arbor, MI USA male Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Medical Center Boston, MA USA 2008-08-23 Needham, MA USA
1954 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1954 for its efforts to heal the wounds of war by providing help and protection to refugees all over the world 1/1 515 Organization Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1954 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954 for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction 1/2 61 Individual Max Born 1882-12-11 Wroclaw Poland male Edinburgh University Edinburgh United Kingdom 1970-01-05 Göttingen Germany
1954 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954 for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith 1/2 62 Individual Walther Bothe 1891-01-08 Oranienburg Germany male University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany 1957-02-08 Heidelberg Germany
1955 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1955 for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone 1/1 218 Individual Vincent du Vigneaud 1901-05-18 Chicago, IL USA male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA 1978-12-11 White Plains, NY USA
1955 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1955 for his vivid epic power which has renewed the great narrative art of Iceland 1/1 626 Individual Halldór Laxness 1902-04-23 Reykjavik Iceland male NA NA NA 1998-02-08 Reykjavik Iceland
1955 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1955 for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes 1/1 359 Individual Hugo Theorell 1903-07-06 Linköping Sweden male Karolinska Institutet, Nobel Medical Institute Stockholm Sweden 1982-08-15 Stockholm Sweden
1955 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1955 for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron 1/2 64 Individual Polykarp Kusch 1911-01-26 Blankenburg Germany male Columbia University New York, NY USA 1993-03-20 Dallas, TX USA
1955 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1955 for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum 1/2 63 Individual Willis E. Lamb 1913-07-12 Los Angeles, CA USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 2008-05-15 Tucson, AZ USA
1956 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956 for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions 1/2 220 Individual Nikolay Semenov 1896-04-03 Saratov Russia male Institute for Chemical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Moscow Russia 1986-09-25 Moscow Russia
1956 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956 for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions 1/2 219 Individual Sir Cyril Hinshelwood 1897-05-19 London United Kingdom male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1967-10-09 London United Kingdom
1956 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1956 for his lyrical poetry, which in Spanish language constitutes an example of high spirit and artistical purity 1/1 627 Individual Juan Ramón Jiménez 1881-12-24 Moguer Spain male NA NA NA 1958-05-29 San Juan Puerto Rico
1956 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956 for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system 1/3 360 Individual André F. Cournand 1895-09-24 Paris France male Columbia University Division, Cardio-Pulmonary Laboratory, Bellevue Hospital New York, NY USA 1988-02-19 Great Barrington, MA USA
1956 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956 for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system 1/3 362 Individual Dickinson W. Richards 1895-10-30 Orange, NJ USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA 1973-02-23 Lakeville, CT USA
1956 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956 for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system 1/3 361 Individual Werner Forssmann 1904-08-29 Berlin Germany male Mainz University Mainz Germany 1979-06-01 Schopfheim Germany
1956 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect 1/3 66 Individual John Bardeen 1908-05-23 Madison, WI USA male University of Illinois Urbana, IL USA 1991-01-30 Boston, MA USA
1956 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect 1/3 67 Individual Walter H. Brattain 1902-02-10 Amoy China male Bell Telephone Laboratories Murray Hill, NJ USA 1987-10-13 Seattle, WA USA
1956 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect 1/3 65 Individual William B. Shockley 1910-02-13 London United Kingdom male Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments, Inc. Mountain View, CA USA 1989-08-12 Palo Alto, CA USA
1957 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1957 for his work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes 1/1 221 Individual Lord Todd 1907-10-02 Glasgow Scotland male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1997-01-10 Cambridge United Kingdom
1957 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1957 for his important literary production, which with clear-sighted earnestness illuminates the problems of the human conscience in our times 1/1 628 Individual Albert Camus 1913-11-07 Mondovi Algeria male NA NA NA 1960-01-04 Sens France
1957 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1957 for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles 1/1 363 Individual Daniel Bovet 1907-03-23 Neuchâtel Switzerland male Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Chief Institute of Public Health) Rome Italy 1992-04-08 Rome Italy
1957 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1957 for his crucial contribution to the deployment of a United Nations Emergency Force in the wake of the Suez Crisis 1/1 516 Individual Lester Bowles Pearson 1897-04-23 Toronto Canada male NA NA NA 1972-12-27 Ottawa Canada
1957 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1957 for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles 1/2 68 Individual Chen Ning Yang 1922-09-22 Hofei, Anhwei China male Institute for Advanced Study Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
1957 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1957 for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles 1/2 69 Individual Tsung-Dao Lee 1926-11-24 Shanghai China male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
1958 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1958 for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin 1/1 222 Individual Frederick Sanger 1918-08-13 Rendcombe United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 2013-11-19 Cambridge United Kingdom
1958 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1958 for his important achievement both in contemporary lyrical poetry and in the field of the great Russian epic tradition 1/1 629 Individual Boris Pasternak 1890-02-10 Moskva Russia male NA NA NA 1960-05-30 Peredelkino Russia
1958 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958 for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events 1/4 365 Individual Edward Tatum 1909-12-14 Boulder, CO USA male Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York, NY USA 1975-11-05 New York, NY USA
1958 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958 for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events 1/4 364 Individual George Beadle 1903-10-22 Wahoo, NE USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1989-06-09 Pomona, CA USA
1958 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958 for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of bacteria 1/2 366 Individual Joshua Lederberg 1925-05-23 Montclair, NJ USA male University of Wisconsin Madison, WI USA 2008-02-02 New York, NY USA
1958 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1958 for his efforts to help refugees to leave their camps and return to a life of freedom and dignity 1/1 517 Individual Georges Pire 1910-02-10 Dinant Belgium male NA NA NA 1969-01-30 Leuven Belgium
1958 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1958 for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect 1/3 71 Individual Igor Y. Tamm 1895-07-08 Vladivostok Russia male Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia 1971-04-12 Moscow Russia
1958 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1958 for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect 1/3 721 Individual Il´ja M. Frank 1908-10-23 St. Petersburg Russia male Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia 1990-06-22 Moscow Russia
1958 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1958 for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect 1/3 70 Individual Pavel A. Cherenkov 1904-07-28 Novaya Chigla Russia male P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow Russia 1990-01-06 NA Russia
1959 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1959 for his discovery and development of the polarographic methods of analysis 1/1 223 Individual Jaroslav Heyrovsky 1890-12-20 Prag Czech Republic male Polarographic Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Science Prague Czech Republic 1967-03-27 Prague Czech Republic
1959 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1959 for his lyrical poetry, which with classical fire expresses the tragic experience of life in our own times 1/1 630 Individual Salvatore Quasimodo 1901-08-20 Modica Italy male NA NA NA 1968-06-14 Naples Italy
1959 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid 1/2 368 Individual Arthur Kornberg 1918-03-03 Brooklyn, NY USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 2007-10-26 Stanford, CA USA
1959 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid 1/2 367 Individual Severo Ochoa 1905-09-24 Luarca Spain male New York University, College of Medicine New York, NY USA 1993-11-01 Madrid Spain
1959 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1959 for his longstanding contribution to the cause of disarmament and peace 1/1 518 Individual Philip Noel-Baker 1889-11-01 London United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1982-10-08 London United Kingdom
1959 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959 for their discovery of the antiproton 1/2 72 Individual Emilio Segrè 1905-02-01 Tivoli Italy male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 1989-04-22 Lafayette, CA USA
1959 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959 for their discovery of the antiproton 1/2 73 Individual Owen Chamberlain 1920-07-10 San Francisco, CA USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 2006-02-28 Berkeley, CA USA
1960 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960 for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science 1/1 224 Individual Willard F. Libby 1908-12-17 Grand Valley, CO USA male University of California Los Angeles, CA USA 1980-09-08 Los Angeles, CA USA
1960 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1960 for the soaring flight and the evocative imagery of his poetry which in a visionary fashion reflects the conditions of our time 1/1 631 Individual Saint-John Perse 1887-05-31 Pointe-à-Pitre Guadeloupe Island male NA NA NA 1975-09-20 Presqu'île-de-Giens France
1960 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960 for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance 1/2 370 Individual Peter Medawar 1915-02-28 Rio de Janeiro Brazil male University College London United Kingdom 1987-10-02 London United Kingdom
1960 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960 for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance 1/2 369 Individual Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet 1899-09-03 Traralgon Australia male Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research Melbourne Australia 1985-08-31 Melbourne Australia
1960 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1960 for his non-violent struggle against apartheid 1/1 519 Individual Albert Luthuli 1898-01-01 Bulawayo Zimbabwe male NA NA NA 1967-07-21 Stanger South Africa
1960 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1960 for the invention of the bubble chamber 1/1 74 Individual Donald A. Glaser 1926-09-21 Cleveland, OH USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 2013-02-28 Berkeley, CA USA
1961 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1961 for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants 1/1 225 Individual Melvin Calvin 1911-04-08 St. Paul, MN USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 1997-01-08 Berkeley, CA USA
1961 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1961 for the epic force with which he has traced themes and depicted human destinies drawn from the history of his country 1/1 633 Individual Ivo Andric 1892-10-10 Dolac Bosnia and Herzegovina male NA NA NA 1975-03-13 Belgrade Serbia
1961 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961 for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea 1/1 371 Individual Georg von Békésy 1899-06-03 Budapest Hungary male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1972-06-13 Honolulu, HI USA
1961 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1961 for developing the UN into an effective and constructive international organization, capable of giving life to the principles and aims expressed in the UN Charter 1/1 520 Individual Dag Hammarskjöld 1905-07-29 Jönköping Sweden male NA NA NA 1961-09-18 Ndola Zambia
1961 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961 for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons 1/2 75 Individual Robert Hofstadter 1915-02-05 New York, NY USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 1990-11-17 Stanford, CA USA
1961 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961 for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name 1/2 76 Individual Rudolf Mössbauer 1929-01-31 München Germany male Technical University Munich Germany 2011-09-14 NA NA
1962 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962 for their studies of the structures of globular proteins 1/2 227 Individual John C. Kendrew 1917-03-24 Oxford United Kingdom male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom 1997-08-23 Cambridge United Kingdom
1962 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962 for their studies of the structures of globular proteins 1/2 226 Individual Max F. Perutz 1914-05-19 Wien Austria male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom 2002-02-06 Cambridge United Kingdom
1962 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1962 for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception 1/1 634 Individual John Steinbeck 1902-02-27 Salinas, CA USA male NA NA NA 1968-12-20 New York, NY USA
1962 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962 for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material 1/3 372 Individual Francis Crick 1916-06-08 Northampton United Kingdom male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom 2004-07-28 San Diego, CA USA
1962 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962 for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material 1/3 373 Individual James Watson 1928-04-06 Chicago, IL USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1962 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962 for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material 1/3 374 Individual Maurice Wilkins 1916-12-15 Pongaroa New Zealand male London University London United Kingdom 2004-10-05 London United Kingdom
1962 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1962 for his fight against the nuclear arms race between East and West 1/1 217 Individual Linus Pauling 1901-02-28 Portland, OR USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1994-08-19 Big Sur, CA USA
1962 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1962 for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium 1/1 77 Individual Lev Landau 1908-01-22 Baku Azerbaijan male Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia 1968-04-01 Moscow Russia
1963 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963 for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers 1/2 229 Individual Giulio Natta 1903-02-26 Imperia Italy male Institute of Technology Milan Italy 1979-05-02 Bergamo Italy
1963 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963 for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers 1/2 228 Individual Karl Ziegler 1898-11-26 Helsa Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung (Max-Planck-Institute for Carbon Research) Mülheim/Ruhr Germany 1973-08-12 Mülheim Germany
1963 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1963 for his eminent lyrical writing, inspired by a deep feeling for the Hellenic world of culture 1/1 635 Individual Giorgos Seferis 1900-03-13 Izmir Turkey male NA NA NA 1971-09-20 Athens Greece
1963 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane 1/3 376 Individual Alan Hodgkin 1914-02-05 Banbury United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1998-12-20 Cambridge United Kingdom
1963 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane 1/3 377 Individual Andrew Huxley 1917-11-22 Hampstead United Kingdom male University College London United Kingdom 2012-05-30 Grantchester United Kingdom
1963 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane 1/3 375 Individual Sir John Eccles 1903-01-27 Melbourne Australia male Australian National University Canberra Australia 1997-05-02 Contra Switzerland
1963 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1963 for promoting the principles of the Geneva Convention and cooperation with the UN 1/2 482 Organization International Committee of the Red Cross NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1963 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1963 for promoting the principles of the Geneva Convention and cooperation with the UN 1/2 523 Organization League of Red Cross Societies NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1963 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles 1/2 78 Individual Eugene Wigner 1902-11-17 Budapest Hungary male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA 1995-01-01 Princeton, NJ USA
1963 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure 1/4 80 Individual J. Hans D. Jensen 1907-06-25 Hamburg Germany male University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany 1973-02-11 Heidelberg Germany
1963 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure 1/4 79 Individual Maria Goeppert Mayer 1906-06-28 Katowice Poland female University of California San Diego, CA USA 1972-02-20 San Diego, CA USA
1964 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1964 for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances 1/1 230 Individual Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin 1910-05-12 Kairo Egypt female University of Oxford, Royal Society Oxford United Kingdom 1994-07-29 Shipston-on-Stour United Kingdom
1964 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1964 for his work which, rich in ideas and filled with the spirit of freedom and the quest for truth, has exerted a far-reaching influence on our age 1/1 637 Individual Jean-Paul Sartre 1905-06-21 Paris France male NA NA NA 1980-04-15 Paris France
1964 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1964 for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism 1/2 379 Individual Feodor Lynen 1911-04-06 München Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für Zellchemie Munich Germany 1979-08-06 Munich Germany
1964 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1964 for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism 1/2 378 Individual Konrad Bloch 1912-01-21 Nysa Poland male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 2000-10-15 Burlington, MA USA
1964 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1964 for his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population 1/1 524 Individual Martin Luther King Jr. 1929-01-15 Atlanta, GA USA male NA NA NA 1968-04-04 Memphis, TN USA
1964 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle 1/4 83 Individual Aleksandr M. Prokhorov 1916-07-11 Atherton Australia male P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow Russia 2002-01-08 Moscow Russia
1964 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle 1/2 81 Individual Charles H. Townes 1915-07-28 Greenville, SC USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA 2015-01-27 Berkeley, CA USA
1964 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle 1/4 82 Individual Nicolay G. Basov 1922-12-14 Usman Russia male P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow Russia 2001-07-01 Moscow Russia
1965 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1965 for his outstanding achievements in the art of organic synthesis 1/1 231 Individual Robert B. Woodward 1917-04-10 Boston, MA USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1979-07-08 Cambridge, MA USA
1965 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1965 for the artistic power and integrity with which, in his epic of the Don, he has given expression to a historic phase in the life of the Russian people 1/1 638 Individual Mikhail Sholokhov 1905-05-24 Veshenskaya Russia male NA NA NA 1984-02-21 Veshenskaya Russia
1965 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis 1/3 381 Individual André Lwoff 1902-05-08 Ainay-le-Château France male Institut Pasteur Paris France 1994-09-30 Paris France
1965 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis 1/3 380 Individual François Jacob 1920-06-17 Nancy France male Institut Pasteur Paris France 2013-04-19 Paris France
1965 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis 1/3 382 Individual Jacques Monod 1910-02-09 Paris France male Institut Pasteur Paris France 1976-05-31 Cannes France
1965 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1965 for its effort to enhance solidarity between nations and reduce the difference between rich and poor states 1/1 525 Organization United Nations Children's Fund NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1965 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965 for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles 1/3 85 Individual Julian Schwinger 1918-02-12 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1994-07-16 Los Angeles, CA USA
1965 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965 for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles 1/3 86 Individual Richard P. Feynman 1918-05-11 New York, NY USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1988-02-15 Los Angeles, CA USA
1965 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965 for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles 1/3 84 Individual Sin-Itiro Tomonaga 1906-03-31 Kyoto Japan male Tokyo University of Education Tokyo Japan 1979-07-08 Tokyo Japan
1966 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1966 for his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method 1/1 232 Individual Robert S. Mulliken 1896-06-07 Newburyport, MA USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 1986-10-31 Arlington, VA USA
1966 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1966 for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing, which interprets Israel's destiny with touching strength 1/2 640 Individual Nelly Sachs 1891-12-10 Berlin Germany female NA NA NA 1970-05-12 Stockholm Sweden
1966 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1966 for his profoundly characteristic narrative art with motifs from the life of the Jewish people 1/2 639 Individual Shmuel Agnon 1888-07-17 Buchach Ukraine male NA NA NA 1970-02-17 Rehovot Israel
1966 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1966 for his discoveries concerning hormonal treatment of prostatic cancer 1/2 384 Individual Charles B. Huggins 1901-09-22 Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada male University of Chicago, Ben May Laboratory for Cancer Research Chicago, IL USA 1997-01-12 Chicago, IL USA
1966 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1966 for his discovery of tumour-inducing viruses 1/2 383 Individual Peyton Rous 1879-10-05 Baltimore, MD USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 1970-02-16 New York, NY USA
1966 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1966 for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms 1/1 87 Individual Alfred Kastler 1902-05-03 Guebwiller France male École Normale Supérieure Paris France 1984-01-07 Bandol France
1967 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967 for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the equilibrium by means of very short pulses of energy 1/4 235 Individual George Porter 1920-12-06 Stainforth United Kingdom male Royal Institution of Great Britain London United Kingdom 2002-08-31 Canterbury United Kingdom
1967 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967 for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the equilibrium by means of very short pulses of energy 1/2 233 Individual Manfred Eigen 1927-05-09 Bochum Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für Physikalische Chemie Göttingen Germany 2019-02-06 Göttingen Germany
1967 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967 for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the equilibrium by means of very short pulses of energy 1/4 234 Individual Ronald G.W. Norrish 1897-11-09 Cambridge United Kingdom male Institute of Physical Chemistry Cambridge United Kingdom 1978-06-07 Cambridge United Kingdom
1967 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1967 for his vivid literary achievement, deep-rooted in the national traits and traditions of Indian peoples of Latin America 1/1 641 Individual Miguel Angel Asturias 1899-10-19 Guatemala City Guatemala male NA NA NA 1974-06-09 Madrid Spain
1967 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967 for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye 1/3 387 Individual George Wald 1906-11-18 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1997-04-12 Cambridge, MA USA
1967 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967 for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye 1/3 386 Individual Keffer Hartline 1903-12-22 Bloomsburg, PA USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 1983-03-17 Fallston, MD USA
1967 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967 for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye 1/3 385 Individual Ragnar Granit 1900-10-30 Helsingfors Finland male Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden 1991-03-12 Stockholm Sweden
1967 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1967 for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars 1/1 88 Individual Hans Bethe 1906-07-02 Strasbourg France male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA 2005-03-06 Ithaca, NY USA
1968 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1968 for the discovery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes 1/1 236 Individual Lars Onsager 1903-11-27 Oslo Norway male Yale University New Haven, CT USA 1976-10-05 Coral Gables, FL USA
1968 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1968 for his narrative mastery, which with great sensibility expresses the essence of the Japanese mind 1/1 642 Individual Yasunari Kawabata 1899-06-11 Osaka Japan male NA NA NA 1972-04-16 Zushi Japan
1968 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis 1/3 389 Individual H. Gobind Khorana 1922-01-09 Raipur India male University of Wisconsin Madison, WI USA 2011-11-09 Concord, MA USA
1968 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis 1/3 390 Individual Marshall W. Nirenberg 1927-04-10 New York, NY USA male National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD USA 2010-01-15 New York, NY USA
1968 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis 1/3 388 Individual Robert W. Holley 1922-01-28 Urbana, IL USA male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA 1993-02-11 Los Gatos, CA USA
1968 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1968 for his struggle to ensure the rights of man as stipulated in the UN Declaration 1/1 526 Individual René Cassin 1887-10-05 Bayonne France male NA NA NA 1976-02-20 Paris France
1968 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1968 for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis 1/1 89 Individual Luis Alvarez 1911-06-13 San Francisco, CA USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 1988-09-01 Berkeley, CA USA
1969 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1969 for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry 1/2 237 Individual Derek Barton 1918-09-08 Gravesend United Kingdom male Imperial College London United Kingdom 1998-03-16 College Station, TX USA
1969 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1969 for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry 1/2 238 Individual Odd Hassel 1897-05-17 Oslo Norway male University of Oslo Oslo Norway 1981-05-11 Oslo Norway
1969 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1969 for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes 1/2 678 Individual Jan Tinbergen 1903-04-12 Haag the Netherlands male The Netherlands School of Economics Rotterdam the Netherlands 1994-06-09 the Hague the Netherlands
1969 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1969 for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes 1/2 677 Individual Ragnar Frisch 1895-03-03 Oslo Norway male University of Oslo Oslo Norway 1973-01-31 Oslo Norway
1969 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1969 for his writing, which - in new forms for the novel and drama - in the destitution of modern man acquires its elevation 1/1 643 Individual Samuel Beckett 1906-04-13 Dublin Ireland male NA NA NA 1989-12-22 Paris France
1969 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969 for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses 1/3 392 Individual Alfred D. Hershey 1908-12-04 Owosso, MI USA male Carnegie Institution of Washington Long Island, New York, NY USA 1997-05-22 Syosset, NY USA
1969 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969 for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses 1/3 391 Individual Max Delbrück 1906-09-04 Berlin Germany male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1981-03-09 Pasadena, CA USA
1969 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969 for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses 1/3 393 Individual Salvador E. Luria 1912-08-13 Turin Italy male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA 1991-02-06 Lexington, MA USA
1969 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1969 for creating international legislation insuring certain norms for working conditions in every country 1/1 527 Organization International Labour Organization NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1969 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1969 for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions 1/1 90 Individual Murray Gell-Mann 1929-09-15 New York, NY USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 2019-05-24 Santa Fe, NM USA
1970 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1970 for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates 1/1 239 Individual Luis Leloir 1906-09-06 Paris France male Institute for Biochemical Research Buenos Aires Argentina 1987-12-02 Buenos Aires Argentina
1970 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1970 for the scientific work through which he has developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economic science 1/1 679 Individual Paul A. Samuelson 1915-05-15 Gary, IN USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA 2009-12-13 Belmont, MA USA
1970 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1970 for the ethical force with which he has pursued the indispensable traditions of Russian literature 1/1 644 Individual Alexandr Solzhenitsyn 1918-12-11 Kislovodsk Russia male NA NA NA 2008-08-03 Troitse-Lykovo Russia
1970 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation 1/3 396 Individual Julius Axelrod 1912-05-30 New York, NY USA male National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD USA 2004-12-29 Rockville, MD USA
1970 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation 1/3 394 Individual Sir Bernard Katz 1911-03-26 Leipzig Germany male University College London United Kingdom 2003-04-20 London United Kingdom
1970 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation 1/3 395 Individual Ulf von Euler 1905-02-07 Stockholm Sweden male Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden 1983-03-09 Stockholm Sweden
1970 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1970 for having given a well-founded hope - the green revolution 1/1 528 Individual Norman Borlaug 1914-03-25 Cresco, IA USA male NA NA NA 2009-09-12 Dallas, TX USA
1970 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1970 for fundamental work and discoveries in magnetohydro-dynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics 1/2 91 Individual Hannes Alfvén 1908-05-30 Norrköping Sweden male Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden 1995-04-02 Djursholm Sweden
1970 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1970 for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to important applications in solid state physics 1/2 92 Individual Louis Néel 1904-11-22 Lyon France male University of Grenoble Grenoble France 2000-11-17 Brive-Corrèze France
1971 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1971 for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals 1/1 240 Individual Gerhard Herzberg 1904-12-25 Hamburg Germany male National Research Council of Canada Ottawa Canada 1999-03-03 Ottawa Canada
1971 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1971 for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development 1/1 680 Individual Simon Kuznets 1901-04-30 Pinsk Belarus male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1985-07-08 Cambridge, MA USA
1971 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1971 for a poetry that with the action of an elemental force brings alive a continent's destiny and dreams 1/1 645 Individual Pablo Neruda 1904-07-12 Parral Chile male NA NA NA 1973-09-23 Santiago Chile
1971 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1971 for his discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the action of hormones 1/1 397 Individual Earl W. Sutherland, Jr. 1915-11-19 Burlingame, KS USA male Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN USA 1974-03-09 Miami, FL USA
1971 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1971 for paving the way for a meaningful dialogue between East and West 1/1 529 Individual Willy Brandt 1913-12-18 Lübeck Germany male NA NA NA 1992-10-08 Unkel Germany
1971 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1971 for his invention and development of the holographic method 1/1 93 Individual Dennis Gabor 1900-06-05 Budapest Hungary male Imperial College London United Kingdom 1979-02-08 London United Kingdom
1972 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972 for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation 1/2 241 Individual Christian Anfinsen 1916-03-26 Monessen, PA USA male National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD USA 1995-05-14 Randallstown, MD USA
1972 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972 for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule 1/4 242 Individual Stanford Moore 1913-09-04 Chicago, IL USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 1982-08-23 New York, NY USA
1972 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972 for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule 1/4 243 Individual William H. Stein 1911-06-25 New York, NY USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 1980-02-02 New York, NY USA
1972 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1972 for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory 1/2 681 Individual John R. Hicks 1904-04-08 Warwick United Kingdom male All Souls College Oxford United Kingdom 1989-05-20 Blockley United Kingdom
1972 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1972 for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory 1/2 682 Individual Kenneth J. Arrow 1921-08-23 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 2017-02-21 Palo Alto, CA USA
1972 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1972 for his writing which through its combination of a broad perspective on his time and a sensitive skill in characterization has contributed to a renewal of German literature 1/1 647 Individual Heinrich Böll 1917-12-21 Köln Germany male NA NA NA 1985-07-16 Bornheim-Merten Germany
1972 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1972 for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies 1/2 398 Individual Gerald M. Edelman 1929-07-01 New York, NY USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 2014-05-17 La Jolla, CA USA
1972 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1972 for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies 1/2 399 Individual Rodney R. Porter 1917-10-08 Newton-le-Willows United Kingdom male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1985-09-06 Winchester United Kingdom
1972 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972 for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory 1/3 66 Individual John Bardeen 1908-05-23 Madison, WI USA male University of Illinois Urbana, IL USA 1991-01-30 Boston, MA USA
1972 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972 for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory 1/3 95 Individual Leon N. Cooper 1930-02-28 New York, NY USA male Brown University Providence, RI USA NA NA NA
1972 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972 for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory 1/3 96 Individual Robert Schrieffer 1931-05-31 Oak Park, IL USA male University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA USA 2019-07-27 Tallahassee, FL USA
1973 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1973 for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds 1/2 244 Individual Ernst Otto Fischer 1918-11-10 München Germany male Technical University Munich Germany 2007-07-23 Munich Germany
1973 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1973 for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds 1/2 245 Individual Geoffrey Wilkinson 1921-07-14 Todmorden United Kingdom male Imperial College London United Kingdom 1996-09-26 London United Kingdom
1973 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1973 for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems 1/1 683 Individual Wassily Leontief 1906-08-05 St. Petersburg Russia male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1999-02-05 New York, NY USA
1973 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1973 for an epic and psychological narrative art which has introduced a new continent into literature 1/1 648 Individual Patrick White 1912-05-28 London United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1990-09-30 Sydney Australia
1973 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns 1/3 400 Individual Karl von Frisch 1886-11-20 Wien Austria male Zoologisches Institut der Universität München Munich Germany 1982-06-12 Munich Germany
1973 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns 1/3 401 Individual Konrad Lorenz 1903-11-07 Wien Austria male Konrad-Lorenz-Institut der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissen­schaften, Forschungsstelle für Ethologie Altenberg; Grünau im Almtal Austria 1989-02-27 Vienna Austria
1973 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns 1/3 402 Individual Nikolaas Tinbergen 1907-04-15 Haag the Netherlands male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom 1988-12-21 Oxford United Kingdom
1973 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1973 for jointly having negotiated a cease fire in Vietnam in 1973 1/2 530 Individual Henry Kissinger 1923-05-27 Fürth Germany male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1973 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1973 for jointly having negotiated a cease fire in Vietnam in 1973 1/2 531 Individual Le Duc Tho 1911-10-14 Nam Ha province Vietnam male NA NA NA 1990-10-13 Hanoi Vietnam
1973 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1973 for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects 1/2 99 Individual Brian D. Josephson 1940-01-04 Cardiff United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
1973 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1973 for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively 1/4 98 Individual Ivar Giaever 1929-04-05 Bergen Norway male General Electric Company Schenectady, NY USA NA NA NA
1973 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1973 for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively 1/4 97 Individual Leo Esaki 1925-03-12 Osaka Japan male IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights, NY USA NA NA NA
1974 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1974 for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of the macromolecules 1/1 246 Individual Paul J. Flory 1910-06-19 Sterling, IL USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 1985-09-08 Big Sur, CA USA
1974 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974 for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena 1/2 685 Individual Friedrich von Hayek 1899-05-08 Wien Austria male NA NA NA 1992-03-23 Freiburg Germany
1974 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974 for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena 1/2 684 Individual Gunnar Myrdal 1898-12-06 Skattungbyn Sweden male NA NA NA 1987-05-17 Stockholm Sweden
1974 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1974 for a narrative art, far-seeing in lands and ages, in the service of freedom 1/2 649 Individual Eyvind Johnson 1900-07-29 Svartbjörnsbyn Sweden male NA NA NA 1976-08-25 Stockholm Sweden
1974 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1974 for writings that catch the dewdrop and reflect the cosmos 1/2 650 Individual Harry Martinson 1904-05-06 Jämshög Sweden male NA NA NA 1978-02-11 Stockholm Sweden
1974 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1974 for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell 1/3 403 Individual Albert Claude 1898-08-24 Longlier Belgium male Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain Belgium 1983-05-22 Brussels Belgium
1974 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1974 for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell 1/3 404 Individual Christian de Duve 1917-10-02 Thames Ditton United Kingdom male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 2013-05-04 Nethen Belgium
1974 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1974 for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell 1/3 405 Individual George E. Palade 1912-11-19 Iasi Romania male Yale University, School of Medicine New Haven, CT USA 2008-10-07 Del Mar, CA USA
1974 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1974 for his contribution to stabilize conditions in the Pacific rim area and for signing the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1/2 533 Individual Eisaku Sato 1901-03-27 Tabuse Japan male NA NA NA 1975-06-03 Tokyo Japan
1974 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1974 for his efforts to secure and develop human rights throughout the world 1/2 532 Individual Seán MacBride 1904-01-26 Paris France male NA NA NA 1988-01-15 Dublin Ireland
1974 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1974 for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars 1/2 101 Individual Antony Hewish 1924-05-11 Fowey United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
1974 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1974 for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars 1/2 100 Individual Martin Ryle 1918-09-27 Brighton United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1984-10-14 Cambridge United Kingdom
1975 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1975 for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions 1/2 247 Individual John Cornforth 1917-09-07 Sydney Australia male University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom 2013-12-08 NA NA
1975 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1975 for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions 1/2 248 Individual Vladimir Prelog 1906-07-23 Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina male Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland 1998-01-07 Zurich Switzerland
1975 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1975 for their contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources 1/2 686 Individual Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich 1912-01-19 St. Petersburg Russia male Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia 1986-04-07 Moscow Russia
1975 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1975 for their contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources 1/2 687 Individual Tjalling C. Koopmans 1910-08-28 's Graveland the Netherlands male Yale University New Haven, CT USA 1985-02-26 New Haven, CT USA
1975 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1975 for his distinctive poetry which, with great artistic sensitivity, has interpreted human values under the sign of an outlook on life with no illusions 1/1 651 Individual Eugenio Montale 1896-10-12 Genoa Italy male NA NA NA 1981-09-12 Milan Italy
1975 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975 for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell 1/3 406 Individual David Baltimore 1938-03-07 New York, NY USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1975 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975 for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell 1/3 408 Individual Howard M. Temin 1934-12-10 Philadelphia, PA USA male University of Wisconsin Madison, WI USA 1994-02-09 Madison, WI USA
1975 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975 for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell 1/3 407 Individual Renato Dulbecco 1914-02-22 Catanzaro Italy male Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratory London United Kingdom 2012-02-19 La Jolla, CA USA
1975 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1975 for his struggle for human rights in the Soviet Union, for disarmament and cooperation between all nations 1/1 534 Individual Andrei Sakharov 1921-05-21 Moskva Russia male NA NA NA 1989-12-14 Moscow Russia
1975 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975 for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection 1/3 102 Individual Aage N. Bohr 1922-06-19 Köpenhamn Denmark male Niels Bohr Institute Copenhagen Denmark 2009-09-08 Copenhagen Denmark
1975 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975 for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection 1/3 103 Individual Ben R. Mottelson 1926-07-09 Chicago, IL USA male Nordita Copenhagen Denmark NA NA NA
1975 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975 for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection 1/3 104 Individual James Rainwater 1917-12-09 Council, ID USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA 1986-03-31 Yonkers, NY USA
1976 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1976 for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding 1/1 249 Individual William Lipscomb 1919-12-09 Cleveland, OH USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 2011-04-14 Cambridge, MA USA
1976 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1976 for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy 1/1 688 Individual Milton Friedman 1912-07-31 Brooklyn, NY USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 2006-11-16 San Francisco, CA USA
1976 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1976 for the human understanding and subtle analysis of contemporary culture that are combined in his work 1/1 652 Individual Saul Bellow 1915-06-10 Montreal Canada male NA NA NA 2005-04-05 Brookline, MA USA
1976 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1976 for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases 1/2 409 Individual Baruch S. Blumberg 1925-07-28 New York, NY USA male The Institute for Cancer Research Philadelphia, PA USA 2011-04-05 Moffett Field, CA USA
1976 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1976 for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases 1/2 410 Individual D. Carleton Gajdusek 1923-09-09 Yonkers, NY USA male National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD USA 2008-12-12 Tromsø Norway
1976 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1976 for the courageous efforts in founding a movement to put an end to the violent conflict in Northern Ireland 1/2 535 Individual Betty Williams 1943-05-22 Belfast Northern Ireland female NA NA NA 2020-03-17 Belfast Northern Ireland
1976 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1976 for the courageous efforts in founding a movement to put an end to the violent conflict in Northern Ireland 1/2 536 Individual Mairead Corrigan 1944-01-27 Belfast Northern Ireland female NA NA NA NA NA NA
1976 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976 for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind 1/2 105 Individual Burton Richter 1931-03-22 Brooklyn, NY USA male Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Stanford, CA USA 2018-07-18 Stanford, CA USA
1976 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976 for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind 1/2 106 Individual Samuel C.C. Ting 1936-01-27 Ann Arbor, MI USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1977 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1977 for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures 1/1 250 Individual Ilya Prigogine 1917-01-25 Moskva Russia male Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium 2003-05-28 Brussels Belgium
1977 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1977 for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements 1/2 689 Individual Bertil Ohlin 1899-04-23 Klippan Sweden male Stockholm School of Economics Stockholm Sweden 1979-08-03 Vålådalen Sweden
1977 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1977 for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements 1/2 690 Individual James E. Meade 1907-06-23 Swanage United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1995-12-22 Cambridge United Kingdom
1977 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1977 for a creative poetic writing which illuminates man's condition in the cosmos and in present-day society, at the same time representing the great renewal of the traditions of Spanish poetry between the wars 1/1 653 Individual Vicente Aleixandre 1898-04-26 Sevilla Spain male NA NA NA 1984-12-14 Madrid Spain
1977 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977 for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain 1/4 412 Individual Andrew V. Schally 1926-11-30 Vilnius Lithuania male Veterans Administration Hospital New Orleans, LA USA NA NA NA
1977 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977 for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain 1/4 411 Individual Roger Guillemin 1924-01-11 Dijon France male The Salk Institute San Diego, CA USA NA NA NA
1977 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977 for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones 1/2 413 Individual Rosalyn Yalow 1921-07-19 New York, NY USA female Veterans Administration Hospital Bronx, NY USA 2011-05-30 New York, NY USA
1977 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1977 for worldwide respect for human rights 1/1 537 Organization Amnesty International NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1977 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977 for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems 1/3 109 Individual John H. van Vleck 1899-03-13 Middletown, CT USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 1980-10-27 Cambridge, MA USA
1977 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977 for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems 1/3 107 Individual Philip W. Anderson 1923-12-13 Indianapolis, IN USA male Bell Telephone Laboratories Murray Hill, NJ USA 2020-03-29 Princeton, NJ USA
1977 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977 for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems 1/3 108 Individual Sir Nevill F. Mott 1905-09-30 Leeds United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1996-08-08 Milton Keynes United Kingdom
1978 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1978 for his contribution to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory 1/1 251 Individual Peter Mitchell 1920-09-29 Mitcham United Kingdom male Glynn Research Laboratories Bodmin United Kingdom 1992-04-10 Bodmin United Kingdom
1978 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1978 for his pioneering research into the decision-making process within economic organizations 1/1 691 Individual Herbert Simon 1916-06-15 Milwaukee, WI USA male Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA USA 2001-02-09 Pittsburgh, PA USA
1978 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1978 for his impassioned narrative art which, with roots in a Polish-Jewish cultural tradition, brings universal human conditions to life 1/1 654 Individual Isaac Bashevis Singer 1904-07-14 Leoncin Poland male NA NA NA 1991-07-24 Surfside, FL USA
1978 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978 for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics 1/3 415 Individual Daniel Nathans 1928-10-30 Wilmington, DE USA male Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD USA 1999-11-16 Baltimore, MD USA
1978 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978 for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics 1/3 416 Individual Hamilton O. Smith 1931-08-23 New York, NY USA male Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD USA NA NA NA
1978 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978 for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics 1/3 414 Individual Werner Arber 1929-06-03 Gränichen Switzerland male Biozentrum der Universität Basel Switzerland NA NA NA
1978 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1978 for jointly having negotiated peace between Egypt and Israel in 1978 1/2 538 Individual Anwar al-Sadat 1918-12-25 Mit Abu al-Kawm Egypt male NA NA NA 1981-10-06 Cairo Egypt
1978 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1978 for jointly having negotiated peace between Egypt and Israel in 1978 1/2 539 Individual Menachem Begin 1913-08-16 Brest Litovsk Belarus male NA NA NA 1992-03-09 Tel Aviv Israel
1978 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation 1/4 111 Individual Arno Penzias 1933-04-26 München Germany male Bell Laboratories Holmdel, NJ USA NA NA NA
1978 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics 1/2 110 Individual Pyotr Kapitsa 1894-07-09 Kronshtadt Russia male Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia 1984-04-08 Moscow Russia
1978 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation 1/4 112 Individual Robert Woodrow Wilson 1936-01-10 Houston, TX USA male Bell Laboratories Holmdel, NJ USA NA NA NA
1979 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1979 for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis 1/2 253 Individual Georg Wittig 1897-06-16 Berlin Germany male University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany 1987-08-26 Heidelberg Germany
1979 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1979 for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis 1/2 252 Individual Herbert C. Brown 1912-05-22 London United Kingdom male Purdue University West Lafayette, IN USA 2004-12-19 Lafayette, IN USA
1979 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1979 for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries 1/2 693 Individual Sir Arthur Lewis 1915-01-23 Castries Saint Lucia male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA 1991-06-15 Bridgetown Barbados
1979 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1979 for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries 1/2 692 Individual Theodore W. Schultz 1902-04-30 Arlington, SD USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 1998-02-26 Evanston, IL USA
1979 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1979 for his poetry, which, against the background of Greek tradition, depicts with sensuous strength and intellectual clear-sightedness modern man's struggle for freedom and creativeness 1/1 655 Individual Odysseus Elytis 1911-11-02 Iráklion Greece male NA NA NA 1996-03-18 Athens Greece
1979 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1979 for the development of computer assisted tomography 1/2 417 Individual Allan M. Cormack 1924-02-23 Johannesburg South Africa male Tufts University Medford, MA USA 1998-05-07 Winchester, MA USA
1979 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1979 for the development of computer assisted tomography 1/2 418 Individual Godfrey N. Hounsfield 1919-08-28 Newark United Kingdom male Central Research Laboratories, EMI London United Kingdom 2004-08-12 Kingston upon Thames United Kingdom
1979 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1979 for her work for bringing help to suffering humanity 1/1 540 Individual Mother Teresa 1910-08-26 Skopje North Macedonia female NA NA NA 1997-09-05 Calcutta India
1979 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979 for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current 1/3 114 Individual Abdus Salam 1926-01-29 Jhang Maghiāna Pakistan male International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy 1996-11-21 Oxford United Kingdom
1979 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979 for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current 1/3 113 Individual Sheldon Glashow 1932-12-05 New York, NY USA male Harvard University, Lyman Laboratory Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1979 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979 for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current 1/3 115 Individual Steven Weinberg 1933-05-03 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1980 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980 for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids 1/4 222 Individual Frederick Sanger 1918-08-13 Rendcombe United Kingdom male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom 2013-11-19 Cambridge United Kingdom
1980 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980 for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA 1/2 254 Individual Paul Berg 1926-06-30 New York, NY USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
1980 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980 for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids 1/4 255 Individual Walter Gilbert 1932-03-21 Boston, MA USA male Harvard University, Biological Laboratories Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1980 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1980 for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies 1/1 694 Individual Lawrence R. Klein 1920-09-14 Omaha, NE USA male University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA USA 2013-10-20 Gladwyne, PA USA
1980 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1980 who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts 1/1 657 Individual Czeslaw Milosz 1911-06-30 Śeteniai Lithuania male NA NA NA 2004-08-14 Kraków Poland
1980 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980 for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions 1/3 419 Individual Baruj Benacerraf 1920-10-29 Caracas Venezuela male Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA 2011-08-02 Boston, MA USA
1980 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980 for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions 1/3 421 Individual George D. Snell 1903-12-19 Bradford, MA USA male Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor, ME USA 1996-06-06 Bar Harbor, ME USA
1980 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980 for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions 1/3 420 Individual Jean Dausset 1916-10-19 Toulouse France male Université de Paris, Laboratoire Immuno-Hématologie Paris France 2009-06-06 Palma, Majorca Spain
1980 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1980 for being a source of inspiration to repressed people, especially in Latin America 1/1 541 Individual Adolfo Pérez Esquivel 1931-11-26 Buenos Aires Argentina male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1980 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980 for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons 1/2 116 Individual James Cronin 1931-09-29 Chicago, IL USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 2016-08-25 St. Paul, MN USA
1980 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980 for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons 1/2 117 Individual Val Fitch 1923-03-10 Merriman, NE USA male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA 2015-02-05 Princeton, NJ USA
1981 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions 1/2 257 Individual Kenichi Fukui 1918-10-04 Nara Japan male Kyoto University Kyoto Japan 1998-01-09 Kyoto Japan
1981 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions 1/2 258 Individual Roald Hoffmann 1937-07-18 Zloczov Ukraine male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA NA NA NA
1981 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1981 for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices 1/1 695 Individual James Tobin 1918-03-05 Champaign, IL USA male Yale University New Haven, CT USA 2002-03-11 New Haven, CT USA
1981 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1981 for writings marked by a broad outlook, a wealth of ideas and artistic power 1/1 658 Individual Elias Canetti 1905-07-25 Ruse Bulgaria male NA NA NA 1994-08-14 Zurich Switzerland
1981 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981 for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system 1/4 423 Individual David H. Hubel 1926-02-27 Windsor, ON Canada male Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA 2013-09-22 Lincoln, MA USA
1981 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981 for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres 1/2 422 Individual Roger W. Sperry 1913-08-20 Hartford, CT USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1994-04-17 Pasadena, CA USA
1981 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981 for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system 1/4 424 Individual Torsten N. Wiesel 1924-06-03 Uppsala Sweden male Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA NA NA NA
1981 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1981 for promoting the fundamental rights of refugees 1/1 515 Organization Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1981 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981 for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy 1/4 119 Individual Arthur L. Schawlow 1921-05-05 Mount Verno, NY USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 1999-04-28 Palo Alto, CA USA
1981 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981 for his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy 1/2 120 Individual Kai M. Siegbahn 1918-04-20 Lund Sweden male Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden 2007-07-20 Ängelholm Sweden
1981 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981 for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy 1/4 118 Individual Nicolaas Bloembergen 1920-03-11 Dordrecht the Netherlands male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 2017-09-05 Tucson, AZ USA
1982 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982 for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes 1/1 259 Individual Aaron Klug 1926-08-11 Zelvas Lithuania male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom 2018-11-20 NA NA
1982 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1982 for his seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation 1/1 696 Individual George J. Stigler 1911-01-17 Renton, WA USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 1991-12-01 Chicago, IL USA
1982 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1982 for his novels and short stories, in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination, reflecting a continent's life and conflicts 1/1 659 Individual Gabriel García Márquez 1927-03-06 Aracataca Colombia male NA NA NA 2014-04-17 Mexico City Mexico
1982 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1982 for their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances 1/3 426 Individual Bengt I. Samuelsson 1934-05-21 Halmstad Sweden male Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden NA NA NA
1982 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1982 for their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances 1/3 427 Individual John R. Vane 1927-03-29 Tardebigg United Kingdom male The Wellcome Research Laboratories Beckenham United Kingdom 2004-11-19 Farnborough United Kingdom
1982 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1982 for their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances 1/3 425 Individual Sune K. Bergström 1916-01-10 Stockholm Sweden male Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden 2004-08-15 Stockholm Sweden
1982 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1982 for their work for disarmament and nuclear and weapon-free zones 1/2 544 Individual Alfonso García Robles 1911-03-20 Zamora Mexico male NA NA NA 1991-09-02 Mexico City Mexico
1982 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1982 for their work for disarmament and nuclear and weapon-free zones 1/2 543 Individual Alva Myrdal 1902-01-31 Uppsala Sweden female NA NA NA 1986-02-01 Stockholm Sweden
1982 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1982 for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions 1/1 121 Individual Kenneth G. Wilson 1936-06-08 Waltham, MA USA male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA 2013-06-15 Saco, ME USA
1983 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1983 for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes 1/1 260 Individual Henry Taube 1915-11-30 Neudorf Canada male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 2005-11-16 Stanford, CA USA
1983 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1983 for having incorporated new analytical methods into economic theory and for his rigorous reformulation of the theory of general equilibrium 1/1 697 Individual Gerard Debreu 1921-07-04 Calais France male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 2004-12-31 Paris France
1983 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1983 for his novels which, with the perspicuity of realistic narrative art and the diversity and universality of myth, illuminate the human condition in the world of today 1/1 660 Individual William Golding 1911-09-19 St. Columb Minor United Kingdom male NA NA NA 1993-06-19 Perranarworthal United Kingdom
1983 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1983 for her discovery of mobile genetic elements 1/1 428 Individual Barbara McClintock 1902-06-16 Hartford, CT USA female Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA 1992-09-02 Huntington, NY USA
1983 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1983 for non-violent struggle for free trade unions and human rights in Poland 1/1 545 Individual Lech Walesa 1943-09-29 Popowo Poland male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1983 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1983 for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars 1/2 122 Individual Subramanyan Chandrasekhar 1910-10-19 Lahore Pakistan male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 1995-08-21 Chicago, IL USA
1983 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1983 for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe 1/2 123 Individual William A. Fowler 1911-08-09 Pittsburgh, PA USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 1995-03-14 Pasadena, CA USA
1984 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1984 for his development of methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix 1/1 261 Individual Bruce Merrifield 1921-07-15 Fort Worth, TX USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 2006-05-14 Cresskill, NJ USA
1984 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1984 for having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved the basis for empirical economic analysis 1/1 698 Individual Richard Stone 1913-08-30 London United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 1991-12-06 Cambridge United Kingdom
1984 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1984 for his poetry which endowed with freshness, sensuality and rich inventiveness provides a liberating image of the indomitable spirit and versatility of man 1/1 661 Individual Jaroslav Seifert 1901-09-23 Prag Czech Republic male NA NA NA 1986-01-10 Prague Czech Republic
1984 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies 1/3 431 Individual César Milstein 1927-10-08 Bahia Blanca Argentina male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom 2002-03-24 Cambridge United Kingdom
1984 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies 1/3 430 Individual Georges J.F. Köhler 1946-04-17 München Germany male Basel Institute for Immunology Basel Switzerland 1995-03-01 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
1984 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies 1/3 429 Individual Niels K. Jerne 1911-12-23 London United Kingdom male Basel Institute for Immunology Basel Switzerland 1994-10-07 Castillon-du-Gard France
1984 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1984 for his role as a unifying leader figure in the non-violent campaign to resolve the problem of apartheid in South Africa 1/1 546 Individual Desmond Tutu 1931-10-07 Klerksdorp South Africa male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1984 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984 for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction 1/2 124 Individual Carlo Rubbia 1934-03-31 Gorizia Italy male CERN Geneva Switzerland NA NA NA
1984 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984 for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction 1/2 125 Individual Simon van der Meer 1925-11-24 Haag the Netherlands male CERN Geneva Switzerland 2011-03-04 Geneva Switzerland
1985 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985 for their outstanding achievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures 1/2 262 Individual Herbert A. Hauptman 1917-02-14 New York, NY USA male The Medical Foundation of Buffalo Buffalo, NY USA 2011-10-23 Buffalo, NY USA
1985 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985 for their outstanding achievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures 1/2 263 Individual Jerome Karle 1918-06-18 New York, NY USA male US Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC USA 2013-06-06 NA NA
1985 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1985 for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets 1/1 699 Individual Franco Modigliani 1918-06-18 Rom Italy male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA 2003-09-25 Cambridge, MA USA
1985 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1985 who in his novel combines the poet's and the painter's creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the depiction of the human condition 1/1 662 Individual Claude Simon 1913-10-10 Antananarivo Madagascar male NA NA NA 2005-07-06 Paris France
1985 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1985 for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism 1/2 433 Individual Joseph L. Goldstein 1940-04-18 Sumter, SC USA male University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas, TX USA NA NA NA
1985 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1985 for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism 1/2 432 Individual Michael S. Brown 1941-04-13 New York, NY USA male University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas, TX USA NA NA NA
1985 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1985 for spreading authoritative information and by creating awareness of the catastrophic consequences of nuclear war 1/1 547 Organization International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1985 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985 for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect 1/1 126 Individual Klaus von Klitzing 1943-06-28 Schroda Poland male Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung Stuttgart Germany NA NA NA
1986 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986 for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes 1/3 264 Individual Dudley R. Herschbach 1932-06-18 San José, CA USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1986 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986 for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes 1/3 266 Individual John C. Polanyi 1929-01-23 Berlin Germany male University of Toronto Toronto Canada NA NA NA
1986 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986 for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes 1/3 265 Individual Yuan T. Lee 1936-11-19 Hsinchu Taiwan male University of California Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
1986 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1986 for his development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making 1/1 700 Individual James M. Buchanan Jr. 1919-10-03 Murfreesboro, TN USA male Center for Study of Public Choice Fairfax, VA USA 2013-01-09 Blacksburg, VA USA
1986 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986 who in a wide cultural perspective and with poetic overtones fashions the drama of existence 1/1 663 Individual Wole Soyinka 1934-07-13 Abeokuta Nigeria male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1986 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986 for their discoveries of growth factors 1/2 435 Individual Rita Levi-Montalcini 1909-04-22 Turin Italy female Institute of Cell Biology of the C.N.R. Rome Italy 2012-12-30 Rome Italy
1986 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986 for their discoveries of growth factors 1/2 434 Individual Stanley Cohen 1922-11-17 Brooklyn, NY USA male Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville, TN USA 2020-02-05 Nashville, TN USA
1986 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1986 for being a messenger to mankind: his message is one of peace, atonement and dignity 1/1 548 Individual Elie Wiesel 1928-09-30 Sighet Romania male NA NA NA 2016-07-02 New York, NY USA
1986 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986 for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope 1/2 127 Individual Ernst Ruska 1906-12-25 Heidelberg Germany male Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Berlin Germany 1988-05-27 West Berlin Germany
1986 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986 for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope 1/4 128 Individual Gerd Binnig 1947-07-20 Frankfurt am Main Germany male IBM Zurich Research Laboratory Rüschlikon Switzerland NA NA NA
1986 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986 for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope 1/4 129 Individual Heinrich Rohrer 1933-06-06 Buchs Switzerland male IBM Zurich Research Laboratory Rüschlikon Switzerland 2013-05-16 Wollerau Switzerland
1987 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987 for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity 1/3 269 Individual Charles J. Pedersen 1904-10-03 Pusan South Korea male Du Pont Wilmington, DE USA 1989-10-26 Salem, NJ USA
1987 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987 for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity 1/3 267 Individual Donald J. Cram 1919-04-22 Chester, VT USA male University of California Los Angeles, CA USA 2001-06-17 Palm Desert, CA USA
1987 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987 for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity 1/3 268 Individual Jean-Marie Lehn 1939-09-30 Rosheim France male Université Louis Pasteur Strasbourg France NA NA NA
1987 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1987 for his contributions to the theory of economic growth 1/1 701 Individual Robert M. Solow 1924-08-23 Brooklyn, NY USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1987 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1987 for an all-embracing authorship, imbued with clarity of thought and poetic intensity 1/1 664 Individual Joseph Brodsky 1940-05-24 St. Petersburg Russia male NA NA NA 1996-01-28 New York, NY USA
1987 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1987 for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity 1/1 436 Individual Susumu Tonegawa 1939-09-05 Nagoya Japan male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1987 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1987 for his work for lasting peace in Central America 1/1 549 Individual Oscar Arias Sánchez 1940-09-13 Heredia Costa Rica male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1987 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1987 for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials 1/2 130 Individual J. Georg Bednorz 1950-05-16 Neuenkirchen Germany male IBM Zurich Research Laboratory Rüschlikon Switzerland NA NA NA
1987 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1987 for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials 1/2 131 Individual K. Alex Müller 1927-04-20 Basel Switzerland male IBM Zurich Research Laboratory Rüschlikon Switzerland NA NA NA
1988 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988 for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre 1/3 272 Individual Hartmut Michel 1948-07-18 Ludwigsburg Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik Frankfurt-on-the-Main Germany NA NA NA
1988 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988 for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre 1/3 270 Individual Johann Deisenhofer 1943-09-30 Zusamaltheim Germany male University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas, TX USA NA NA NA
1988 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988 for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre 1/3 271 Individual Robert Huber 1937-02-20 München Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie Martinsried Germany NA NA NA
1988 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1988 for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources 1/1 702 Individual Maurice Allais 1911-05-31 Paris France male École Nationale Supérieur des Mines de Paris Paris France 2010-10-09 Paris France
1988 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1988 who, through works rich in nuance - now clear-sightedly realistic, now evocatively ambiguous - has formed an Arabian narrative art that applies to all mankind 1/1 665 Individual Naguib Mahfouz 1911-12-11 Kairo Egypt male NA NA NA 2006-08-30 Cairo Egypt
1988 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988 for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment 1/3 439 Individual George H. Hitchings 1905-04-18 Hoquiam, WA USA male Wellcome Research Laboratories Research Triangle Park, NC USA 1998-02-27 Chapel Hill, NC USA
1988 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988 for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment 1/3 438 Individual Gertrude B. Elion 1918-01-23 New York, NY USA female Wellcome Research Laboratories Research Triangle Park, NC USA 1999-02-21 Chapel Hill, NC USA
1988 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988 for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment 1/3 437 Individual Sir James W. Black 1924-06-14 Uddingston Scotland male London University, King's College Hospital Medical School London United Kingdom 2010-03-21 NA NA
1988 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1988 for preventing armed clashes and creating conditions for negotiations 1/1 550 Organization United Nations Peacekeeping Forces NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1988 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988 for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino 1/3 134 Individual Jack Steinberger 1921-05-25 Bad Kissingen Germany male CERN Geneva Switzerland NA NA NA
1988 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988 for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino 1/3 132 Individual Leon M. Lederman 1922-07-15 New York, NY USA male Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia, IL USA 2018-10-03 Rexburg, ID USA
1988 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988 for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino 1/3 133 Individual Melvin Schwartz 1932-11-02 New York, NY USA male Digital Pathways, Inc. Mountain View, CA USA 2006-08-28 Twin Falls, ID USA
1989 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989 for their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA 1/2 273 Individual Sidney Altman 1939-05-07 Montreal Canada male Yale University New Haven, CT USA NA NA NA
1989 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989 for their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA 1/2 274 Individual Thomas R. Cech 1947-12-08 Chicago, IL USA male University of Colorado Boulder, CO USA NA NA NA
1989 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1989 for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures 1/1 703 Individual Trygve Haavelmo 1911-12-13 Skedsmo Norway male University of Oslo Oslo Norway 1999-07-26 Oslo Norway
1989 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1989 for a rich and intensive prose, which with restrained compassion forms a challenging vision of man's vulnerability 1/1 666 Individual Camilo José Cela 1916-05-11 Iria Flavia Spain male NA NA NA 2002-01-17 Madrid Spain
1989 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1989 for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes 1/2 441 Individual Harold E. Varmus 1939-12-18 Oceanside, NY USA male University of California School of Medicine San Francisco, CA USA NA NA NA
1989 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1989 for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes 1/2 440 Individual J. Michael Bishop 1936-02-22 York, PA USA male University of California School of Medicine San Francisco, CA USA NA NA NA
1989 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1989 for advocating peaceful solutions based upon tolerance and mutual respect in order to preserve the historical and cultural heritage of his people 1/1 551 Individual The 14th Dalai Lama 1935-07-06 Taktser China male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1989 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989 for the development of the ion trap technique 1/4 136 Individual Hans G. Dehmelt 1922-09-09 Görlitz Germany male University of Washington Seattle, WA USA 2017-03-07 Seattle, WA USA
1989 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989 for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks 1/2 135 Individual Norman F. Ramsey 1915-08-27 Washington, DC USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 2011-11-04 Wayland, MA USA
1989 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989 for the development of the ion trap technique 1/4 137 Individual Wolfgang Paul 1913-08-10 Lorenzkirch Germany male University of Bonn Bonn Germany 1993-12-07 Bonn Germany
1990 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1990 for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis 1/1 275 Individual Elias James Corey 1928-07-12 Methuen, MA USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1990 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1990 for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics 1/3 704 Individual Harry M. Markowitz 1927-08-24 Chicago, IL USA male City University of New York New York, NY USA NA NA NA
1990 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1990 for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics 1/3 705 Individual Merton H. Miller 1923-05-16 Boston, MA USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 2000-06-03 Chicago, IL USA
1990 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1990 for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics 1/3 706 Individual William F. Sharpe 1934-06-16 Boston, MA USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
1990 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1990 for impassioned writing with wide horizons, characterized by sensuous intelligence and humanistic integrity 1/1 667 Individual Octavio Paz 1914-03-31 Mexico City Mexico male NA NA NA 1998-04-19 Mexico City Mexico
1990 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1990 for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease 1/2 443 Individual E. Donnall Thomas 1920-03-15 Mart, TX USA male Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle, WA USA 2012-10-20 Seattle, WA USA
1990 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1990 for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease 1/2 442 Individual Joseph E. Murray 1919-04-01 Milford, MA USA male Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA USA 2012-11-26 Boston, MA USA
1990 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1990 for the leading role he played in the radical changes in East-West relations 1/1 552 Individual Mikhail Gorbachev 1931-03-02 Privolnoye Russia male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1990 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990 for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics 1/3 139 Individual Henry W. Kendall 1926-12-09 Boston, MA USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA 1999-02-15 Wakulla Springs State Park, FL USA
1990 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990 for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics 1/3 138 Individual Jerome I. Friedman 1930-03-28 Chicago, IL USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1990 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990 for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics 1/3 140 Individual Richard E. Taylor 1929-11-02 Medicine Hat, Alberta Canada male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 2018-02-22 Stanford, CA USA
1991 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy 1/1 276 Individual Richard R. Ernst 1933-08-14 Winterthur Switzerland male Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland NA NA NA
1991 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1991 for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy 1/1 707 Individual Ronald H. Coase 1910-12-29 Willesden United Kingdom male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 2013-09-02 Chicago, IL USA
1991 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1991 who through her magnificent epic writing has - in the words of Alfred Nobel - been of very great benefit to humanity 1/1 668 Individual Nadine Gordimer 1923-11-20 Springs South Africa female NA NA NA 2014-07-13 Johannesburg South Africa
1991 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1991 for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells 1/2 445 Individual Bert Sakmann 1942-06-12 Stuttgart Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung Heidelberg Germany NA NA NA
1991 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1991 for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells 1/2 444 Individual Erwin Neher 1944-03-20 Landsberg Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie Göttingen Germany NA NA NA
1991 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1991 for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights 1/1 553 Individual Aung San Suu Kyi 1945-06-19 Yangon Myanmar female NA NA NA NA NA NA
1991 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1991 for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers 1/1 141 Individual Pierre-Gilles de Gennes 1932-10-24 Paris France male Collège de France Paris France 2007-05-18 Orsay France
1992 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1992 for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems 1/1 277 Individual Rudolph A. Marcus 1923-07-21 Montreal Canada male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA NA NA NA
1992 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1992 for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behaviour and interaction, including nonmarket behaviour 1/1 708 Individual Gary Becker 1930-12-02 Pottsville, PA USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 2014-05-03 Chicago, IL USA
1992 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1992 for a poetic oeuvre of great luminosity, sustained by a historical vision, the outcome of a multicultural commitment 1/1 669 Individual Derek Walcott 1930-01-23 Castries Saint Lucia male NA NA NA 2017-03-17 Gros-Islet Saint Lucia
1992 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1992 for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism 1/2 446 Individual Edmond H. Fischer 1920-04-06 Shanghai China male University of Washington Seattle, WA USA NA NA NA
1992 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1992 for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism 1/2 447 Individual Edwin G. Krebs 1918-06-06 Lansing, IA USA male University of Washington Seattle, WA USA 2009-12-21 Seattle, WA USA
1992 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1992 for her struggle for social justice and ethno-cultural reconciliation based on respect for the rights of indigenous peoples 1/1 554 Individual Rigoberta Menchú Tum 1959-01-09 Aldea Chimel Guatemala female NA NA NA NA NA NA
1992 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992 for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber 1/1 142 Individual Georges Charpak 1924-08-01 Dabrovica Poland male École Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Paris France 2010-09-29 Paris France
1993 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993 for his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method 1/2 278 Individual Kary B. Mullis 1944-12-28 Lenoir, NC USA male NA NA NA 2019-08-07 Newport Beach, CA USA
1993 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993 for his fundamental contributions to the establishment of oligonucleotide-based, site-directed mutagenesis and its development for protein studies 1/2 279 Individual Michael Smith 1932-04-26 Blackpool United Kingdom male University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada 2000-10-04 Vancouver Canada
1993 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1993 for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change 1/2 710 Individual Douglass C. North 1920-11-05 Cambridge, MA USA male Washington University St. Louis, MO USA 2015-11-23 Benzonia, MI USA
1993 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1993 for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change 1/2 709 Individual Robert W. Fogel 1927-07-01 New York, NY USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 2013-06-11 Oak Lawn, IL USA
1993 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1993 who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality 1/1 670 Individual Toni Morrison 1931-02-18 Lorain, OH USA female NA NA NA 2019-08-05 New York, NY USA
1993 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1993 for their discoveries of split genes 1/2 449 Individual Phillip A. Sharp 1944-06-06 Falmouth, KY USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Center for Cancer Research Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1993 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1993 for their discoveries of split genes 1/2 448 Individual Richard J. Roberts 1943-09-06 Derby United Kingdom male New England Biolabs Beverly, MA USA NA NA NA
1993 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1993 for their work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime, and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa 1/2 556 Individual F.W. de Klerk 1936-03-18 Johannesburg South Africa male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1993 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1993 for their work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime, and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa 1/2 555 Individual Nelson Mandela 1918-07-18 Qunu South Africa male NA NA NA 2013-12-05 Johannesburg South Africa
1993 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1993 for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation 1/2 144 Individual Joseph H. Taylor Jr. 1941-03-29 Philadelphia, PA USA male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
1993 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1993 for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation 1/2 143 Individual Russell A. Hulse 1950-11-28 New York, NY USA male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
1994 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1994 for his contribution to carbocation chemistry 1/1 280 Individual George A. Olah 1927-05-22 Budapest Hungary male University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA USA 2017-03-08 Los Angeles, CA USA
1994 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1994 for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games 1/3 711 Individual John C. Harsanyi 1920-05-29 Budapest Hungary male University of California Berkeley, CA USA 2000-08-09 Berkeley, CA USA
1994 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1994 for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games 1/3 712 Individual John F. Nash Jr. 1928-06-13 Bluefield, WV USA male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA 2015-05-23 New Jersey, NJ USA
1994 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1994 for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games 1/3 713 Individual Reinhard Selten 1930-10-05 Wroclaw Poland male Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Germany 2016-08-23 Poznan Poland
1994 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1994 who with poetic force creates an imagined world, where life and myth condense to form a disconcerting picture of the human predicament today 1/1 671 Individual Kenzaburo Oe 1935-01-31 Uchiko Japan male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1994 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994 for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells 1/2 450 Individual Alfred G. Gilman 1941-07-01 New Haven, CT USA male University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas, TX USA 2015-12-23 Dallas, TX USA
1994 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994 for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells 1/2 451 Individual Martin Rodbell 1925-12-01 Baltimore, MD USA male National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research Triangle Park, NC USA 1998-12-07 Chapel Hill, NC USA
1994 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1994 for their efforts to create peace in the Middle East 1/3 558 Individual Shimon Peres 1923-08-16 Vishneva Belarus male NA NA NA 2016-09-28 Tel Aviv Israel
1994 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1994 for their efforts to create peace in the Middle East 1/3 557 Individual Yasser Arafat 1929-08-24 Kairo Egypt male NA NA NA 2004-11-11 Paris France
1994 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1994 for their efforts to create peace in the Middle East 1/3 559 Individual Yitzhak Rabin 1922-03-01 Jerusalem Israel male NA NA NA 1995-11-04 Tel Aviv Israel
1994 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1994 for the development of neutron spectroscopy 1/2 145 Individual Bertram N. Brockhouse 1918-07-15 Lethbridge, Alberta Canada male McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario Canada 2003-10-13 Hamilton, Ontario Canada
1994 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1994 for the development of the neutron diffraction technique 1/2 146 Individual Clifford G. Shull 1915-09-23 Pittsburgh, PA USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA 2001-03-31 Medford, MA USA
1995 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone 1/3 283 Individual F. Sherwood Rowland 1927-06-28 Delaware, OH USA male University of California Irvine, CA USA 2012-03-10 Corona del Mar, CA USA
1995 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone 1/3 282 Individual Mario J. Molina 1943-03-19 Mexico City Mexico male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA 2020-10-07 Mexico City Mexico
1995 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone 1/3 281 Individual Paul J. Crutzen 1933-12-03 Amsterdam the Netherlands male Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie Mainz Germany NA NA NA
1995 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1995 for having developed and applied the hypothesis of rational expectations, and thereby having transformed macroeconomic analysis and deepened our understanding of economic policy 1/1 714 Individual Robert E. Lucas Jr. 1937-09-15 Yakima, WA USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA NA NA NA
1995 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1995 for works of lyrical beauty and ethical depth, which exalt everyday miracles and the living past 1/1 672 Individual Seamus Heaney 1939-04-13 Casteldàwson Northern Ireland male NA NA NA 2013-08-30 Dublin Ireland
1995 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1995 for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development 1/3 453 Individual Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard 1942-10-20 Magdeburg Germany female Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie Tübingen Germany NA NA NA
1995 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1995 for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development 1/3 452 Individual Edward B. Lewis 1918-05-20 Wilkes-Barre, PA USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 2004-07-21 Pasadena, CA USA
1995 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1995 for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development 1/3 454 Individual Eric F. Wieschaus 1947-06-08 South Bend, IN USA male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
1995 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1995 for their efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and, in the longer run, to eliminate such arms 1/2 560 Individual Joseph Rotblat 1908-11-04 Warszawa Poland male NA NA NA 2005-08-31 London United Kingdom
1995 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1995 for their efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and, in the longer run, to eliminate such arms 1/2 561 Organization Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1995 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995 for the detection of the neutrino 1/2 148 Individual Frederick Reines 1918-03-16 Paterson, NJ USA male University of California Irvine, CA USA 1998-08-26 Orange, CA USA
1995 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995 for the discovery of the tau lepton 1/2 147 Individual Martin L. Perl 1927-06-24 New York, NY USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA 2014-09-30 Palo Alto, CA USA
1996 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996 for their discovery of fullerenes 1/3 286 Individual Richard E. Smalley 1943-06-06 Akron, OH USA male Rice University Houston, TX USA 2005-10-28 Houston, TX USA
1996 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996 for their discovery of fullerenes 1/3 284 Individual Robert F. Curl Jr. 1933-08-23 Alice, TX USA male Rice University Houston, TX USA NA NA NA
1996 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996 for their discovery of fullerenes 1/3 285 Individual Sir Harold Kroto 1939-10-07 Wisbech United Kingdom male University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom 2016-04-30 Lewes, East Sussex United Kingdom
1996 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1996 for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information 1/2 715 Individual James A. Mirrlees 1936-07-05 Minnigaff Scotland male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 2018-08-29 Cambridge United Kingdom
1996 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1996 for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information 1/2 716 Individual William Vickrey 1914-06-21 Victoria, BC Canada male Columbia University New York, NY USA 1996-10-11 Harrison, NY USA
1996 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1996 for poetry that with ironic precision allows the historical and biological context to come to light in fragments of human reality 1/1 673 Individual Wislawa Szymborska 1923-07-02 Kórnik Poland female NA NA NA 2012-02-01 Kraków Poland
1996 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996 for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence 1/2 455 Individual Peter C. Doherty 1940-10-15 Brisbane Australia male St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis, TN USA NA NA NA
1996 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996 for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence 1/2 456 Individual Rolf M. Zinkernagel 1944-01-06 Basel Switzerland male University of Zurich, Institute of Experimental Immunology Zurich Switzerland NA NA NA
1996 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1996 for their work towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor 1/2 562 Individual Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo 1948-02-03 Wailacama East Timor male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1996 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1996 for their work towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor 1/2 563 Individual José Ramos-Horta 1949-12-26 Dili East Timor male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1996 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996 for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3 1/3 149 Individual David M. Lee 1931-01-20 Rye, NY USA male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA NA NA NA
1996 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996 for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3 1/3 150 Individual Douglas D. Osheroff 1945-08-01 Aberdeen, WA USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
1996 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996 for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3 1/3 151 Individual Robert C. Richardson 1937-06-26 Washington, DC USA male Cornell University Ithaca, NY USA 2013-02-19 Ithaca, NY USA
1997 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 for the first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+ -ATPase 1/2 289 Individual Jens C. Skou 1918-10-08 Lemvig Denmark male Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark 2018-05-28 Aarhus Denmark
1997 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 1/4 288 Individual John E. Walker 1941-01-07 Halifax United Kingdom male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
1997 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 1/4 287 Individual Paul D. Boyer 1918-07-31 Provo, UT USA male University of California Los Angeles, CA USA 2018-06-02 Los Angeles, CA USA
1997 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1997 for a new method to determine the value of derivatives 1/2 718 Individual Myron Scholes 1941-07-01 Timmins, ON Canada male Long Term Capital Management Greenwich, CT USA NA NA NA
1997 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1997 for a new method to determine the value of derivatives 1/2 717 Individual Robert C. Merton 1944-07-31 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
1997 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1997 who emulates the jesters of the Middle Ages in scourging authority and upholding the dignity of the downtrodden 1/1 674 Individual Dario Fo 1926-03-24 Leggiuno-Sangiano Italy male NA NA NA 2016-10-13 Milan Italy
1997 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1997 for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection 1/1 457 Individual Stanley B. Prusiner 1942-05-28 Des Moines, IA USA male University of California School of Medicine San Francisco, CA USA NA NA NA
1997 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1997 for their efforts to ban and remove anti-personnel landmines 1/2 564 Organization International Campaign to Ban Landmines NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1997 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1997 for their work for the banning and clearing of anti-personnel mines 1/2 565 Individual Jody Williams 1950-10-09 Putney, VT USA female NA NA NA NA NA NA
1997 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light 1/3 153 Individual Claude Cohen-Tannoudji 1933-04-01 Constantine Algeria male Collège de France Paris France NA NA NA
1997 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light 1/3 152 Individual Steven Chu 1948-02-28 St. Louis, MO USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
1997 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light 1/3 154 Individual William D. Phillips 1948-11-05 Wilkes-Barre, PA USA male National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD USA NA NA NA
1998 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998 for his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry 1/2 291 Individual John Pople 1925-10-31 Burnham-on-Sea United Kingdom male Northwestern University Evanston, IL USA 2004-03-15 Chicago, IL USA
1998 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998 for his development of the density-functional theory 1/2 290 Individual Walter Kohn 1923-03-09 Wien Austria male University of California Santa Barbara, CA USA 2016-04-19 Santa Barbara, CA USA
1998 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1998 for his contributions to welfare economics 1/1 719 Individual Amartya Sen 1933-11-03 Santiniketan India male Trinity College Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
1998 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1998 who with parables sustained by imagination, compassion and irony continually enables us once again to apprehend an elusory reality 1/1 675 Individual José Saramago 1922-11-16 Azinhaga Portugal male NA NA NA 2010-06-18 Lanzarote Spain
1998 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998 for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system 1/3 460 Individual Ferid Murad 1936-09-14 Whiting, IN USA male University of Texas Medical School at Houston Houston, TX USA NA NA NA
1998 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998 for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system 1/3 459 Individual Louis J. Ignarro 1941-05-31 Brooklyn, NY USA male University of California School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA USA NA NA NA
1998 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998 for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system 1/3 458 Individual Robert F. Furchgott 1916-06-04 Charleston, SC USA male SUNY Health Science Center Brooklyn, NY USA 2009-05-19 Seattle, WA USA
1998 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1998 for their efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict in Northern Ireland 1/2 567 Individual David Trimble 1944-10-15 Belfast Northern Ireland male NA NA NA NA NA NA
1998 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1998 for their efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict in Northern Ireland 1/2 566 Individual John Hume 1937-01-18 Londonderry Northern Ireland male NA NA NA 2020-08-03 Londonderry Northern Ireland
1998 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998 for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations 1/3 157 Individual Daniel C. Tsui 1939-02-28 Henan China male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
1998 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998 for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations 1/3 156 Individual Horst L. Störmer 1949-04-06 Frankfurt am Main Germany male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
1998 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998 for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations 1/3 155 Individual Robert B. Laughlin 1950-11-01 Visalia, CA USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
1999 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1999 for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy 1/1 292 Individual Ahmed Zewail 1946-02-26 Damanhur Egypt male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA 2016-08-02 Pasadena, CA USA
1999 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1999 for his analysis of monetary and fiscal policy under different exchange rate regimes and his analysis of optimum currency areas 1/1 720 Individual Robert Mundell 1932-10-24 Kingston, ON Canada male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
1999 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1999 whose frolicsome black fables portray the forgotten face of history 1/1 676 Individual Günter Grass 1927-10-16 Gdansk Poland male NA NA NA 2015-04-13 Lübeck Germany
1999 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1999 for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell 1/1 461 Individual Günter Blobel 1936-05-21 Niegoslawice Poland male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 2018-02-18 New York, NY USA
1999 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 1999 in recognition of the organisation'’s pioneering humanitarian work on several continents 1/1 568 Organization Médecins Sans Frontières NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
1999 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1999 for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics 1/2 158 Individual Gerardus 't Hooft 1946-07-05 Den Helder the Netherlands male Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands NA NA NA
1999 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1999 for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics 1/2 159 Individual Martinus J.G. Veltman 1931-06-27 Waalwijk the Netherlands male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2000 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 for the discovery and development of conductive polymers 1/3 729 Individual Alan Heeger 1936-01-22 Sioux City, IA USA male University of California Santa Barbara, CA USA NA NA NA
2000 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 for the discovery and development of conductive polymers 1/3 730 Individual Alan MacDiarmid 1927-04-14 Masterton New Zealand male University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA USA 2007-02-07 Drexel Hill, PA USA
2000 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 for the discovery and development of conductive polymers 1/3 731 Individual Hideki Shirakawa 1936-08-20 Tokyo Japan male University of Tsukuba Tokyo Japan NA NA NA
2000 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2000 for his development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice 1/2 733 Individual Daniel L. McFadden 1937-07-29 Raleigh, NC USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
2000 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2000 for his development of theory and methods for analyzing selective samples 1/2 732 Individual James J. Heckman 1944-04-19 Chicago, IL USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA NA NA NA
2000 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2000 for an &aelig;uvre of universal validity, bitter insights and linguistic ingenuity, which has opened new paths for the Chinese novel and drama 1/1 734 Individual Gao Xingjian 1940-01-04 Ganzhou China male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2000 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system 1/3 722 Individual Arvid Carlsson 1923-01-25 Uppsala Sweden male Göteborg University Gothenburg Sweden 2018-06-29 Gothenburg Sweden
2000 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system 1/3 724 Individual Eric Kandel 1929-11-07 Wien Austria male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2000 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system 1/3 723 Individual Paul Greengard 1925-12-11 New York, NY USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 2019-04-13 New York, NY USA
2000 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2000 for his work for democracy and human rights in South Korea and in East Asia in general, and for peace and reconciliation with North Korea in particular 1/1 725 Individual Kim Dae-jung 1925-12-03 Mokpo South Korea male NA NA NA 2009-08-18 NA NA
2000 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics 1/4 727 Individual Herbert Kroemer 1928-08-25 Weimar Germany male University of California Santa Barbara, CA USA NA NA NA
2000 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit 1/2 728 Individual Jack Kilby 1923-11-08 Jefferson City, MO USA male Texas Instruments Dallas, TX USA 2005-06-20 Dallas, TX USA
2000 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics 1/4 726 Individual Zhores Alferov 1930-03-15 Vitebsk, Vitryssland Belarus male A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute St. Petersburg Russia 2019-03-01 St. Petersburg Russia
2001 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001 for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions 1/2 743 Individual Barry Sharpless 1941-04-28 Philadelphia, PA USA male The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA USA NA NA NA
2001 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001 for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions 1/4 742 Individual Ryoji Noyori 1938-09-03 Kobe Japan male Nagoya University Nagoya Japan NA NA NA
2001 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001 for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions 1/4 741 Individual William Knowles 1917-06-01 Taunton, MA USA male NA NA NA 2012-06-13 Chesterfield, MO USA
2001 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2001 for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information 1/3 745 Individual A. Michael Spence 1943-01-01 Montclair, NJ USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2001 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2001 for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information 1/3 744 Individual George A. Akerlof 1940-06-17 New Haven, CT USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
2001 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2001 for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information 1/3 746 Individual Joseph E. Stiglitz 1943-02-09 Gary, IN USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2001 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2001 for having united perceptive narrative and incorruptible scrutiny in works that compel us to see the presence of suppressed histories 1/1 747 Individual V. S. Naipaul 1932-08-17 Chaguanas Trinidad and Tobago male NA NA NA 2018-08-11 London United Kingdom
2001 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001 for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle 1/3 735 Individual Leland Hartwell 1939-10-30 Los Angeles, CA USA male Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle, WA USA NA NA NA
2001 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001 for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle 1/3 737 Individual Sir Paul Nurse 1949-01-25 Norwich United Kingdom male Imperial Cancer Research Fund London United Kingdom NA NA NA
2001 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001 for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle 1/3 736 Individual Tim Hunt 1943-02-19 Neston United Kingdom male Imperial Cancer Research Fund London United Kingdom NA NA NA
2001 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2001 for their work for a better organized and more peaceful world 1/2 749 Individual Kofi Annan 1938-04-08 Kumasi Ghana male NA NA NA 2018-08-18 Bern Switzerland
2001 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2001 for their work for a better organized and more peaceful world 1/2 748 Organization United Nations NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2001 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001 for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates 1/3 740 Individual Carl Wieman 1951-03-26 Corvallis, OR USA male University of Colorado, JILA Boulder, CO USA NA NA NA
2001 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001 for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates 1/3 738 Individual Eric Cornell 1961-12-19 Palo Alto, CA USA male University of Colorado, JILA Boulder, CO USA NA NA NA
2001 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001 for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates 1/3 739 Individual Wolfgang Ketterle 1957-10-21 Heidelberg Germany male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2002 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules 1/4 756 Individual John B. Fenn 1917-06-15 New York, NY USA male Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA USA 2010-12-10 Richmond, VA USA
2002 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules 1/4 757 Individual Koichi Tanaka 1959-08-03 Toyama City Japan male Shimadzu Corp. Kyoto Japan NA NA NA
2002 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution 1/2 758 Individual Kurt Wüthrich 1938-10-04 Aarberg Switzerland male Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland NA NA NA
2002 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2002 for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty 1/2 759 Individual Daniel Kahneman 1934-03-05 Tel Aviv Israel male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
2002 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2002 for having established laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, especially in the study of alternative market mechanisms 1/2 760 Individual Vernon L. Smith 1927-01-01 Wichita, KS USA male George Mason University Fairfax, VA USA NA NA NA
2002 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2002 for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history 1/1 761 Individual Imre Kertész 1929-11-09 Budapest Hungary male NA NA NA 2016-03-31 Budapest Hungary
2002 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002 for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death' 1/3 751 Individual H. Robert Horvitz 1947-05-08 Chicago, IL USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2002 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002 for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death' 1/3 752 Individual John E. Sulston 1942-03-27 Cambridge United Kingdom male The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Cambridge United Kingdom 2018-03-06 NA NA
2002 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002 for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death' 1/3 750 Individual Sydney Brenner 1927-01-13 Germiston South Africa male The Molecular Sciences Institute Berkeley, CA USA 2019-04-05 NA Singapore
2002 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2002 for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development 1/1 762 Individual Jimmy Carter 1924-10-01 Plains, GA USA male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2002 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002 for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos 1/4 754 Individual Masatoshi Koshiba 1926-09-19 Toyohashi Japan male University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan NA NA NA
2002 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002 for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos 1/4 753 Individual Raymond Davis Jr. 1914-10-14 Washington, DC USA male University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA USA 2006-05-31 Blue Point, NY USA
2002 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002 for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources 1/2 755 Individual Riccardo Giacconi 1931-10-06 Genoa Italy male Associated Universities Inc. Washington, DC USA 2018-12-16 La Jolla, CA USA
2003 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003 for the discovery of water channels 1/2 769 Individual Peter Agre 1949-01-30 Northfield, MN USA male Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD USA NA NA NA
2003 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003 for structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels 1/2 770 Individual Roderick MacKinnon 1956-02-19 Burlington, MA USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2003 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2003 for methods of analyzing economic time series with common trends (cointegration) 1/2 772 Individual Clive W.J. Granger 1934-09-04 Swansea United Kingdom male University of California San Diego, CA USA 2009-05-27 San Diego, CA USA
2003 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2003 for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH) 1/2 771 Individual Robert F. Engle III 1942-11-10 Syracuse, NY USA male New York University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2003 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2003 who in innumerable guises portrays the surprising involvement of the outsider 1/1 763 Individual J. M. Coetzee 1940-02-09 Kapstaden South Africa male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2003 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2003 for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging 1/2 764 Individual Paul C. Lauterbur 1929-05-06 Sidney, OH USA male University of Illinois Urbana, IL USA 2007-03-27 Urbana, IL USA
2003 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2003 for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging 1/2 765 Individual Sir Peter Mansfield 1933-10-09 London United Kingdom male University of Nottingham, School of Physics and Astronomy Nottingham United Kingdom 2017-02-08 NA NA
2003 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2003 for her efforts for democracy and human rights. She has focused especially on the struggle for the rights of women and children 1/1 773 Individual Shirin Ebadi 1947-06-21 Hamadan Iran female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2003 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids 1/3 766 Individual Alexei Abrikosov 1928-06-25 Moskva Russia male Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL USA 2017-03-29 NA NA
2003 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids 1/3 768 Individual Anthony J. Leggett 1938-03-26 London United Kingdom male University of Illinois Urbana, IL USA NA NA NA
2003 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids 1/3 767 Individual Vitaly L. Ginzburg 1916-10-04 Moskva Russia male P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow Russia 2009-11-08 NA NA
2004 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation 1/3 779 Individual Aaron Ciechanover 1947-10-01 Haifa Israel male Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel NA NA NA
2004 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation 1/3 780 Individual Avram Hershko 1937-12-31 Karcag Hungary male Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel NA NA NA
2004 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation 1/3 781 Individual Irwin Rose 1926-07-16 Brooklyn, NY USA male University of California Irvine, CA USA 2015-06-03 Deerfield, MA USA
2004 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2004 for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles 1/2 787 Individual Edward C. Prescott 1940-12-26 Glens Falls, NY USA male Arizona State University Tempe, AZ USA NA NA NA
2004 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2004 for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles 1/2 786 Individual Finn E. Kydland 1943-12-01 Gjesdal Norway male Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA USA NA NA NA
2004 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2004 for her musical flow of voices and counter-voices in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic zeal reveal the absurdity of society's clich&eacute;s and their subjugating power 1/1 782 Individual Elfriede Jelinek 1946-10-20 Mürzzuschlag Austria female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2004 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004 for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system 1/2 775 Individual Linda B. Buck 1947-01-29 Seattle, WA USA female Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle, WA USA NA NA NA
2004 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004 for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system 1/2 774 Individual Richard Axel 1946-07-02 New York, NY USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2004 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2004 for her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace 1/1 783 Individual Wangari Maathai 1940-04-01 Nyeri Kenya female NA NA NA 2011-09-25 Nairobi Kenya
2004 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004 for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction 1/3 776 Individual David J. Gross 1941-02-19 Washington, DC USA male University of California, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics Santa Barbara, CA USA NA NA NA
2004 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004 for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction 1/3 778 Individual Frank Wilczek 1951-05-15 New York, NY USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2004 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004 for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction 1/3 777 Individual H. David Politzer 1949-08-31 New York, NY USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA NA NA NA
2005 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis 1/3 796 Individual Richard R. Schrock 1945-01-04 Berne, IN USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2005 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis 1/3 795 Individual Robert H. Grubbs 1942-02-27 Possum Trot, KY USA male California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA NA NA NA
2005 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis 1/3 794 Individual Yves Chauvin 1930-10-10 Menin Belgium male Institut Français du Pétrole Rueil-Malmaison France 2015-01-27 Tours France
2005 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2005 for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis 1/2 799 Individual Robert J. Aumann 1930-06-08 Frankfurt am Main Germany male University of Jerusalem, Center for RationalityHebrew Jerusalem Israel NA NA NA
2005 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2005 for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis 1/2 800 Individual Thomas C. Schelling 1921-04-14 Oakland, CA USA male University of Maryland, Department of Economics and School of Public Policy College Park, MD USA 2016-12-13 Bethesda, MD USA
2005 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005 who in his plays uncovers the precipice under everyday prattle and forces entry into oppression's closed rooms 1/1 801 Individual Harold Pinter 1930-10-10 London United Kingdom male NA NA NA 2008-12-24 London United Kingdom
2005 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005 for their discovery of the bacterium <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease 1/2 789 Individual Barry J. Marshall 1951-09-30 Kalgoorlie Australia male NHMRC Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, QEII Medical Centre Nedlands Australia NA NA NA
2005 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005 for their discovery of the bacterium <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease 1/2 790 Individual J. Robin Warren 1937-06-11 Adelaide Australia male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2005 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2005 for their efforts to prevent nuclear energy from being used for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way 1/2 797 Organization International Atomic Energy Agency NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2005 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2005 for their efforts to prevent nuclear energy from being used for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way 1/2 798 Individual Mohamed ElBaradei 1942-06-17 Kairo Egypt male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2005 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique 1/4 792 Individual John L. Hall 1934-08-21 Denver, CO USA male University of Colorado, JILA Boulder, CO USA NA NA NA
2005 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence 1/2 791 Individual Roy J. Glauber 1925-09-01 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA 2018-12-26 Newton, MA USA
2005 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique 1/4 793 Individual Theodor W. Hänsch 1941-10-30 Heidelberg Germany male Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik Garching Germany NA NA NA
2006 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2006 for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription 1/1 806 Individual Roger D. Kornberg 1947-04-24 St. Louis, MO USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2006 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2006 for his analysis of intertemporal tradeoffs in macroeconomic policy 1/1 807 Individual Edmund S. Phelps 1933-07-26 Evanston, IL USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2006 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2006 who in the quest for the melancholic soul of his native city has discovered new symbols for the clash and interlacing of cultures 1/1 808 Individual Orhan Pamuk 1952-06-07 Istanbul Turkey male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2006 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2006 for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA 1/2 802 Individual Andrew Z. Fire 1959-04-27 Stanford, CA USA male Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2006 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2006 for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA 1/2 803 Individual Craig C. Mello 1960-10-19 New Haven, CT USA male University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, MA USA NA NA NA
2006 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2006 for their efforts to create economic and social development from below 1/2 810 Organization Grameen Bank NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2006 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2006 for their efforts to create economic and social development from below 1/2 809 Individual Muhammad Yunus 1940-06-28 Chittagong Bangladesh male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2006 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006 for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation 1/2 805 Individual George F. Smoot 1945-02-20 Yukon, FL USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
2006 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006 for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation 1/2 804 Individual John C. Mather 1946-08-07 Roanoke, VA USA male NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD USA NA NA NA
2007 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2007 for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces 1/1 816 Individual Gerhard Ertl 1936-10-10 Bad Cannstatt Germany male Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Berlin Germany NA NA NA
2007 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2007 for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory 1/3 821 Individual Eric S. Maskin 1950-12-12 New York, NY USA male Institute for Advanced Study Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
2007 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2007 for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory 1/3 820 Individual Leonid Hurwicz 1917-08-21 Moskva Russia male University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN USA 2008-06-24 Minneapolis, MN USA
2007 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2007 for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory 1/3 822 Individual Roger B. Myerson 1951-03-29 Boston, MA USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA NA NA NA
2007 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2007 that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny 1/1 817 Individual Doris Lessing 1919-10-22 Kermanshah Iran female NA NA NA 2013-11-17 London United Kingdom
2007 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007 for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells 1/3 811 Individual Mario R. Capecchi 1937-10-06 Verona Italy male University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT USA NA NA NA
2007 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007 for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells 1/3 813 Individual Oliver Smithies 1925-06-23 Halifax United Kingdom male University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC USA 2017-01-10 Chapel Hill, NC USA
2007 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007 for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells 1/3 812 Individual Sir Martin J. Evans 1941-01-01 Stroud United Kingdom male Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom NA NA NA
2007 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2007 for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change 1/2 819 Individual Al Gore 1948-03-31 Washington, DC USA male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2007 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2007 for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change 1/2 818 Organization Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2007 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance 1/2 814 Individual Albert Fert 1938-03-07 Carcassonne France male Universit&eacute; Paris-Sud Orsay France NA NA NA
2007 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance 1/2 815 Individual Peter Grünberg 1939-05-18 Plzen Czech Republic male Forschungszentrum J&uuml;lich Jülich Germany 2018-04-09 Jülich Germany
2008 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP 1/3 830 Individual Martin Chalfie 1947-01-15 Chicago, IL USA male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2008 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP 1/3 829 Individual Osamu Shimomura 1928-08-27 Kyoto Japan male Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) Woods Hole, MA USA 2018-10-19 Nagasaki Japan
2008 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP 1/3 831 Individual Roger Y. Tsien 1952-02-01 New York, NY USA male University of California San Diego, CA USA 2016-08-24 Eugene, OR USA
2008 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2008 for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity 1/1 834 Individual Paul Krugman 1953-02-28 New York, NY USA male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
2008 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2008 author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization 1/1 832 Individual Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio 1940-04-13 Nice France male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2008 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008 for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus 1/4 824 Individual Françoise Barré-Sinoussi 1947-07-30 Paris France female Regulation of Retroviral Infections Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur Paris France NA NA NA
2008 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008 for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer 1/2 823 Individual Harald zur Hausen 1936-03-11 Gelsenkirchen Germany male German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany NA NA NA
2008 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008 for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus 1/4 825 Individual Luc Montagnier 1932-08-18 Chabris France male World Foundation for AIDS Research and Prevention Paris France NA NA NA
2008 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2008 for his important efforts, on several continents and over more than three decades, to resolve international conflicts 1/1 833 Individual Martti Ahtisaari 1937-06-23 Vyborg Finland male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2008 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008 for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature 1/4 827 Individual Makoto Kobayashi 1944-04-07 Nagoya Japan male High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba Japan NA NA NA
2008 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008 for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature 1/4 828 Individual Toshihide Maskawa 1940-02-07 Nagoya Japan male Kyoto Sangyo University Kyoto Japan NA NA NA
2008 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008 for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics 1/2 826 Individual Yoichiro Nambu 1921-01-18 Tokyo Japan male Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA 2015-07-05 Osaka Japan
2009 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome 1/3 843 Individual Ada E. Yonath 1939-06-22 Jerusalem Israel female Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel NA NA NA
2009 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome 1/3 842 Individual Thomas A. Steitz 1940-08-23 Milwaukee, WI USA male Yale University New Haven, CT USA 2018-08-23 Branford, CT USA
2009 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome 1/3 841 Individual Venkatraman Ramakrishnan 1952-01-01 Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu India male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
2009 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2009 for her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons 1/2 846 Individual Elinor Ostrom 1933-08-07 Los Angeles, CA USA female Indiana University Bloomington, IN USA 2012-06-12 Bloomington, IN USA
2009 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2009 for his analysis of economic governance, especially the boundaries of the firm 1/2 847 Individual Oliver E. Williamson 1932-09-27 Superior, WI USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
2009 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2009 who, with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, depicts the landscape of the dispossessed 1/1 844 Individual Herta Müller 1953-08-17 Nitzkydorf, Banat Romania female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2009 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009 for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase 1/3 836 Individual Carol W. Greider 1961-04-15 San Diego, CA USA female Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD USA NA NA NA
2009 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009 for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase 1/3 835 Individual Elizabeth H. Blackburn 1948-11-26 Hobart, Tasmania Australia female University of California San Francisco, CA USA NA NA NA
2009 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009 for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase 1/3 837 Individual Jack W. Szostak 1952-11-09 London United Kingdom male Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA NA NA NA
2009 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2009 for his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples 1/1 845 Individual Barack H. Obama 1961-08-04 Honolulu, HI USA male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2009 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009 for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication 1/2 838 Individual Charles K. Kao 1933-11-04 Shanghai China male Standard Telecommunication Laboratories Harlow United Kingdom 2018-09-23 Hong Kong NA
2009 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009 for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit - the CCD sensor 1/4 840 Individual George E. Smith 1930-05-10 White Plains, NY USA male Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, NJ USA NA NA NA
2009 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009 for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit - the CCD sensor 1/4 839 Individual Willard S. Boyle 1924-08-19 Amherst, NS Canada male Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, NJ USA 2011-05-07 Truro, NS Canada
2010 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010 for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis 1/3 853 Individual Akira Suzuki 1930-09-12 Mukawa Japan male Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan NA NA NA
2010 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010 for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis 1/3 852 Individual Ei-ichi Negishi 1935-07-14 Changchun China male Purdue University West Lafayette, IN USA NA NA NA
2010 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010 for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis 1/3 851 Individual Richard F. Heck 1931-08-15 Springfield, MA USA male University of Delaware NA USA 2015-10-09 Manila Philippines
2010 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2010 for their analysis of markets with search frictions 1/3 858 Individual Christopher A. Pissarides 1948-02-20 Nicosia Cyprus male London School of Economics and Political Science London United Kingdom NA NA NA
2010 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2010 for their analysis of markets with search frictions 1/3 857 Individual Dale T. Mortensen 1939-02-02 Enterprise, OR USA male Northwestern University Evanston, IL USA 2014-01-09 Wilmette, IL USA
2010 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2010 for their analysis of markets with search frictions 1/3 856 Individual Peter A. Diamond 1940-04-29 New York, NY USA male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2010 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2010 for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat 1/1 854 Individual Mario Vargas Llosa 1936-03-28 Arequipa Peru male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2010 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2010 for the development of in vitro fertilization 1/1 848 Individual Robert G. Edwards 1925-09-27 Batley United Kingdom male University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom 2013-04-10 Cambridge United Kingdom
2010 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2010 for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China 1/1 855 Individual Liu Xiaobo 1955-12-28 Changchun China male NA NA NA 2017-07-13 Shenyang China
2010 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene 1/2 849 Individual Andre Geim 1958-10-21 Sochi Russia male University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom NA NA NA
2010 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene 1/2 850 Individual Konstantin Novoselov 1974-08-23 Nizhny Tagil Russia male University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom NA NA NA
2011 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011 for the discovery of quasicrystals 1/1 867 Individual Dan Shechtman 1941-01-24 Tel Aviv Israel male Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel NA NA NA
2011 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2011 for their empirical research on cause and effect in the macroeconomy 1/2 873 Individual Christopher A. Sims 1942-10-21 Washington, DC USA male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
2011 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2011 for their empirical research on cause and effect in the macroeconomy 1/2 872 Individual Thomas J. Sargent 1943-07-19 Pasadena, CA USA male New York University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2011 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2011 because, through his condensed, translucent images, he gives us fresh access to reality 1/1 868 Individual Tomas Tranströmer 1931-04-15 Stockholm Sweden male NA NA NA 2015-03-26 Stockholm Sweden
2011 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity 1/4 861 Individual Bruce A. Beutler 1957-12-29 Chicago, IL USA male University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas, TX USA NA NA NA
2011 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity 1/4 862 Individual Jules A. Hoffmann 1941-08-02 Echternach Luxembourg male University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France NA NA NA
2011 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity 1/2 863 Individual Ralph M. Steinman 1943-01-14 Montreal Canada male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA 2011-09-30 NA NA
2011 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2011 for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women’s rights to full participation in peace-building work 1/3 869 Individual Ellen Johnson Sirleaf 1938-10-29 Monrovia Liberia female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2011 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2011 for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women’s rights to full participation in peace-building work 1/3 870 Individual Leymah Gbowee 1972-02-01 Monrovia Liberia female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2011 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2011 for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women’s rights to full participation in peace-building work 1/3 871 Individual Tawakkol Karman 1979-02-07 Ta'izz Yemen female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2011 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae 1/4 866 Individual Adam G. Riess 1969-12-16 Washington, DC USA male Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD USA NA NA NA
2011 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae 1/4 865 Individual Brian P. Schmidt 1967-02-24 Missoula, MT USA male Australian National University Weston Creek Australia NA NA NA
2011 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae 1/2 864 Individual Saul Perlmutter 1959-01-01 Champaign-Urbana, IL USA male Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
2012 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors 1/2 879 Individual Brian Kobilka 1955-05-30 Little Falls, MN USA male Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2012 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors 1/2 878 Individual Robert J. Lefkowitz 1943-04-15 New York, NY USA male Howard Hughes Medical Institute NA NA NA NA NA
2012 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2012 for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design 1/2 882 Individual Alvin E. Roth 1951-12-18 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2012 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2012 for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design 1/2 883 Individual Lloyd S. Shapley 1923-06-02 Cambridge, MA USA male University of California Los Angeles, CA USA 2016-03-12 Tucson, AZ USA
2012 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012 who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary 1/1 880 Individual Mo Yan 1955-02-02 Gaomi China male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2012 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012 for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent 1/2 875 Individual Shinya Yamanaka 1962-09-04 Osaka Japan male Kyoto University Kyoto Japan NA NA NA
2012 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012 for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent 1/2 874 Individual Sir John B. Gurdon 1933-10-02 Dippenhall United Kingdom male Gurdon Institute Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
2012 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2012 for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe 1/1 881 Organization European Union (EU) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2012 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012 for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems 1/2 877 Individual David J. Wineland 1944-02-24 Milwaukee, WI USA male National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder, CO USA NA NA NA
2012 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012 for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems 1/2 876 Individual Serge Haroche 1944-09-11 Casablanca Morocco male Collège de France Paris France NA NA NA
2013 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013 for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems 1/3 891 Individual Arieh Warshel 1940-11-20 Kibbutz Sde-Nahum Israel male University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA USA NA NA NA
2013 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013 for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems 1/3 889 Individual Martin Karplus 1930-03-15 Wien Austria male Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France NA NA NA
2013 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013 for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems 1/3 890 Individual Michael Levitt 1947-05-09 Pretoria South Africa male Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2013 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2013 for their empirical analysis of asset prices 1/3 894 Individual Eugene F. Fama 1939-02-14 Boston, MA USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA NA NA NA
2013 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2013 for their empirical analysis of asset prices 1/3 895 Individual Lars Peter Hansen 1952-10-26 Urbana, IL USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA NA NA NA
2013 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2013 for their empirical analysis of asset prices 1/3 896 Individual Robert J. Shiller 1946-03-29 Detroit, MI USA male Yale University New Haven, CT USA NA NA NA
2013 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2013 master of the contemporary short story 1/1 892 Individual Alice Munro 1931-07-10 Wingham Canada female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2013 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013 for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells 1/3 884 Individual James E. Rothman 1950-11-03 Haverhill, MA USA male Yale University New Haven, CT USA NA NA NA
2013 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013 for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells 1/3 885 Individual Randy W. Schekman 1948-12-30 St. Paul, MN USA male University of California Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
2013 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013 for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells 1/3 886 Individual Thomas C. Südhof 1955-12-22 Göttingen Germany male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2013 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2013 for its extensive efforts to eliminate chemical weapons 1/1 893 Organization Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2013 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider 1/2 887 Individual François Englert 1932-11-06 Etterbeek Belgium male Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium NA NA NA
2013 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider 1/2 888 Individual Peter Higgs 1929-05-29 Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom male University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom NA NA NA
2014 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy 1/3 909 Individual Eric Betzig 1960-01-13 Ann Arbor, MI USA male Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Ashburn, VA USA NA NA NA
2014 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy 1/3 910 Individual Stefan W. Hell 1962-12-23 Arad Romania male Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen Germany NA NA NA
2014 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy 1/3 911 Individual William E. Moerner 1953-06-24 Pleasanton, CA USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2014 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2014 for his analysis of market power and regulation 1/1 915 Individual Jean Tirole 1953-08-09 Troyes France male Toulouse School of Economics (TSE) Toulouse France NA NA NA
2014 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2014 for the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies and uncovered the life-world of the occupation 1/1 912 Individual Patrick Modiano 1945-07-30 Paris France male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2014 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain 1/4 905 Individual Edvard I. Moser 1962-04-27 Ålesund Norway male Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway NA NA NA
2014 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain 1/2 903 Individual John O'Keefe 1939-11-18 New York, NY USA male University College London United Kingdom NA NA NA
2014 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain 1/4 904 Individual May-Britt Moser 1963-01-04 Fosnavåg Norway female Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway NA NA NA
2014 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2014 for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education 1/2 913 Individual Kailash Satyarthi 1954-01-11 Vidisha India male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2014 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2014 for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education 1/2 914 Individual Malala Yousafzai 1997-07-12 Mingora Pakistan female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2014 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources 1/3 907 Individual Hiroshi Amano 1960-09-11 Hamamatsu Japan male Nagoya University Nagoya Japan NA NA NA
2014 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources 1/3 906 Individual Isamu Akasaki 1929-01-30 Chiran Japan male Meijo University Nagoya Japan NA NA NA
2014 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources 1/3 908 Individual Shuji Nakamura 1954-05-22 Ikata Japan male University of California Santa Barbara, CA USA NA NA NA
2015 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 for mechanistic studies of DNA repair 1/3 923 Individual Aziz Sancar 1946-09-08 Savur Turkey male University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC USA NA NA NA
2015 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 for mechanistic studies of DNA repair 1/3 922 Individual Paul Modrich 1946-06-13 Raton, NM USA male Howard Hughes Medical Institute Durham, NC USA NA NA NA
2015 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 for mechanistic studies of DNA repair 1/3 921 Individual Tomas Lindahl 1938-01-28 Stockholm Sweden male Francis Crick Institute Hertfordshire United Kingdom NA NA NA
2015 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2015 for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare 1/1 926 Individual Angus Deaton 1945-10-19 Edinburgh Scotland male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
2015 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2015 for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time 1/1 924 Individual Svetlana Alexievich 1948-05-31 Ivano-Frankivsk Ukraine female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2015 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015 for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites 1/4 917 Individual Satoshi &#332;mura 1935-07-12 Yamanashi Prefecture Japan male Kitasato University Tokyo Japan NA NA NA
2015 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015 for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against Malaria 1/2 918 Individual Tu Youyou 1930-12-30 Zhejiang Ningbo China female China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing China NA NA NA
2015 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015 for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites 1/4 916 Individual William C. Campbell 1930-06-28 Ramelton Ireland male Drew University Madison, NJ USA NA NA NA
2015 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2015 for its decisive contribution to the building of a pluralistic democracy in Tunisia in the wake of the Jasmine Revolution of 2011 1/1 925 Organization National Dialogue Quartet NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2015 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass 1/2 920 Individual Arthur B. McDonald 1943-08-29 Sydney Canada male Queen's University Kingston Canada NA NA NA
2015 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass 1/2 919 Individual Takaaki Kajita 1959-03-09 Higashimatsuyama Japan male University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan NA NA NA
2016 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 for the design and synthesis of molecular machines 1/3 933 Individual Bernard L. Feringa 1951-05-18 Barger-Compascuum the Netherlands male University of Groningen Groningen the Netherlands NA NA NA
2016 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 for the design and synthesis of molecular machines 1/3 931 Individual Jean-Pierre Sauvage 1944-10-21 Paris France male University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France NA NA NA
2016 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 for the design and synthesis of molecular machines 1/3 932 Individual Sir J. Fraser Stoddart 1942-05-24 Edinburgh United Kingdom male Northwestern University Evanston, IL USA NA NA NA
2016 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2016 for their contributions to contract theory 1/2 936 Individual Bengt Holmström 1949-04-18 Helsingfors Finland male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2016 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2016 for their contributions to contract theory 1/2 935 Individual Oliver Hart 1948-10-09 London United Kingdom male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2016 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2016 for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition 1/1 937 Individual Bob Dylan 1941-05-24 Duluth, MN USA male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2016 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016 for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy 1/1 927 Individual Yoshinori Ohsumi 1945-02-09 Fukuoka Japan male Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan NA NA NA
2016 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2016 for his resolute efforts to bring the country’'s more than 50-year-long civil war to an end 1/1 934 Individual Juan Manuel Santos 1951-08-10 Bogotá Colombia male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2016 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter 1/2 928 Individual David J. Thouless 1934-09-21 Bearsden United Kingdom male University of Washington Seattle, WA USA 2019-04-06 Cambridge United Kingdom
2016 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter 1/4 929 Individual F. Duncan M. Haldane 1951-09-14 London United Kingdom male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
2016 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter 1/4 930 Individual J. Michael Kosterlitz 1943-06-22 Aberdeen United Kingdom male Brown University Providence, RI USA NA NA NA
2017 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution 1/3 944 Individual Jacques Dubochet 1942-06-08 Aigle Switzerland male University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland NA NA NA
2017 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution 1/3 945 Individual Joachim Frank 1940-09-12 Siegen Germany male Columbia University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2017 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution 1/3 946 Individual Richard Henderson 1945-07-19 Edinburgh Scotland male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
2017 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2017 for his contributions to behavioural economics 1/1 949 Individual Richard H. Thaler 1945-09-12 East Orange, NJ USA male University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA NA NA NA
2017 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2017 who, in novels of great emotional force, has uncovered the abyss beneath our illusory sense of connection with the world 1/1 947 Individual Kazuo Ishiguro 1954-11-08 Nagasaki Japan male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2017 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2017 for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm 1/3 938 Individual Jeffrey C. Hall 1945-05-03 New York, NY USA male University of Maine Maine, ME USA NA NA NA
2017 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2017 for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm 1/3 939 Individual Michael Rosbash 1944-03-07 Kansas City, MO USA male Brandeis University Waltham, MA USA NA NA NA
2017 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2017 for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm 1/3 940 Individual Michael W. Young 1949-03-28 Miami, FL USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2017 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2017 for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons 1/1 948 Organization International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2017 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2017 for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves 1/4 942 Individual Barry C. Barish 1936-01-27 Omaha, NE USA male LIGO/VIRGO Collaboration NA NA NA NA NA
2017 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2017 for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves 1/4 943 Individual Kip S. Thorne 1940-06-01 Logan, UT USA male LIGO/VIRGO Collaboration NA NA NA NA NA
2017 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2017 for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves 1/2 941 Individual Rainer Weiss 1932-09-29 Berlin Germany male LIGO/VIRGO Collaboration NA NA NA NA NA
2018 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 for the directed evolution of enzymes 1/2 963 Individual Frances H. Arnold 1956-07-25 Pittsburgh, PA USA female California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA USA NA NA NA
2018 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 for the phage display of peptides and antibodies 1/4 964 Individual George P. Smith 1941-03-10 Norwalk, CT USA male University of Missouri Columbia USA NA NA NA
2018 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 for the phage display of peptides and antibodies 1/4 965 Individual Sir Gregory P. Winter 1951-04-14 Leicester United Kingdom male MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge United Kingdom NA NA NA
2018 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2018 for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis 1/2 969 Individual Paul M. Romer 1955-01-01 Denver, CO USA male NYU Stern School of Business New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2018 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2018 for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis 1/2 968 Individual William D. Nordhaus 1941-05-31 Albuquerque, NM USA male Yale University New Haven, CT USA NA NA NA
2018 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2018 for a narrative imagination that with encyclopedic passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life 1/1 979 Individual Olga Tokarczuk 1962-01-29 NA Poland female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2018 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation 1/2 958 Individual James P. Allison 1948-08-07 Alice, TX USA male Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy San Francisco, CA USA NA NA NA
2018 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation 1/2 959 Individual Tasuku Honjo 1942-01-27 Kyoto Japan male Kyoto University Kyoto Japan NA NA NA
2018 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2018 for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict 1/2 966 Individual Denis Mukwege 1955-03-01 Bukavu Democratic Republic of the Congo male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2018 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2018 for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict 1/2 967 Individual Nadia Murad 1993-01-01 Kojo Iraq female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2018 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems 1/2 960 Individual Arthur Ashkin 1922-09-02 New York, NY USA male Bell Laboratories Holmdel, NJ USA 2020-09-21 Rumson, NJ USA
2018 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses 1/4 962 Individual Donna Strickland 1959-05-27 Guelph Canada female University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada NA NA NA
2018 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses 1/4 961 Individual Gérard Mourou 1944-06-22 Albertville France male École Polytechnique Palaiseau France NA NA NA
2019 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 for the development of lithium-ion batteries 1/3 978 Individual Akira Yoshino 1948-01-30 NA Japan male Asahi Kasei Corporation Tokyo Japan NA NA NA
2019 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 for the development of lithium-ion batteries 1/3 976 Individual John B. Goodenough 1922-07-25 Jena Germany male University of Texas Austin, TX USA NA NA NA
2019 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 for the development of lithium-ion batteries 1/3 977 Individual M. Stanley Whittingham 1941-12-22 NA United Kingdom male Binghamton University, State University of New York New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2019 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2019 for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty 1/3 982 Individual Abhijit Banerjee 1961-02-21 Mumbai India male Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2019 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2019 for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty 1/3 983 Individual Esther Duflo 1972-10-25 Paris France female Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2019 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2019 for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty 1/3 984 Individual Michael Kremer 1964-11-12 New York, NY USA male Harvard University Cambridge, MA USA NA NA NA
2019 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2019 for an influential work that with linguistic ingenuity has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience 1/1 980 Individual Peter Handke 1942-12-06 Griffen Austria male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2019 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability 1/3 972 Individual Gregg L. Semenza 1956-07-12 New York, NY USA male Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD USA NA NA NA
2019 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability 1/3 971 Individual Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe 1954-05-14 NA United Kingdom male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom NA NA NA
2019 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability 1/3 970 Individual William G. Kaelin Jr 1957-11-23 New York, NY USA male Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA NA NA NA
2019 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2019 for his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, and in particular for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighbouring Eritrea 1/1 981 Individual Abiy Ahmed Ali 1976-08-15 Beshasha Ethiopia male NA NA NA NA NA NA
2019 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 for the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star 1/4 975 Individual Didier Queloz 1966-02-23 Genève Switzerland male University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland NA NA NA
2019 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 for theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology 1/2 973 Individual James Peebles 1935-04-25 NA Canada male Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA NA NA NA
2019 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 for the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star 1/4 974 Individual Michel Mayor 1942-01-12 Lausanne Switzerland male University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland NA NA NA
2020 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 for the development of a method for genome editing 1/2 991 Individual Emmanuelle Charpentier 1968-12-11 NA France female Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens Berlin Germany NA NA NA
2020 Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 for the development of a method for genome editing 1/2 992 Individual Jennifer A. Doudna 1964-02-19 Washington, DC USA female University of California Berkeley, CA USA NA NA NA
2020 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2020 for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats 1/2 995 Individual Paul R. Milgrom 1948-04-20 Detroit, MI USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2020 Economics The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2020 for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats 1/2 996 Individual Robert B. Wilson 1937-05-16 NA USA male Stanford University Stanford, CA USA NA NA NA
2020 Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 2020 for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal 1/1 993 Individual Louise Glück 1943-04-22 New York, NY USA female NA NA NA NA NA NA
2020 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020 for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus 1/3 987 Individual Charles M. Rice 1952-08-25 NA USA male Rockefeller University New York, NY USA NA NA NA
2020 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020 for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus 1/3 985 Individual Harvey J. Alter 1935-09-12 New York, NY USA male National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD USA NA NA NA
2020 Medicin The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020 for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus 1/3 986 Individual Michael Houghton NA NA NA male University of Alberta Edmonton Canada NA NA NA
2020 Peace The Nobel Peace Prize 2020 for its efforts to combat hunger, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict 1/1 994 Organization World Food Programme NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
2020 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy 1/4 990 Individual Andrea Ghez 1965-06-16 New York, NY USA female University of California Los Angeles, CA USA NA NA NA
2020 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy 1/4 989 Individual Reinhard Genzel 1952-03-24 Bad Homburg vor der Höhe Germany male Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Garching Germany NA NA NA
2020 Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity 1/2 988 Individual Roger Penrose 1931-08-08 NA United Kingdom male University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom NA NA NA
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