Convert an integer to its Gray-code representation.

GrayCode.ps1

#
# convert an integer to its Gray-code representation
#

Add-Type -TypeDefinition @'
  public class shift {
    public static int lshift(int x, int count) { return x << count; }
    public static int rshift(int x, int count) { return x >> count; }
  }
'@

function intToGray([Byte] $x, [Int] $numBits)
{
  # compute Gray code
  [Byte] $y = $x -bxor ([shift]::rshift($x, 1))
  # convert to a base-2 string representation
  [String] $gray = [convert]::ToString([Int] $y, 2)
  # pad with 0's
  $gray = "{0:D$numBits}" -f [Int] $gray
  return $gray
}