on Arch Linux, there's a meta package, and a group package. this script will looking for installed meta package on your system with pacman.

meta_pkg.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Script to search for meta-packages in the local system

# Function to search for meta-packages
search_meta_packages() {
    echo "Searching for meta-packages..."
    for pkg in $(pacman -Qq); do
        # Check if the package has dependencies but no installed files
        files=$(pacman -Ql $pkg) # List package files

        # if no contain any file, then it must be a meta package.
        if [[ -z "$files" ]]; then
            echo "Meta-package found: $pkg"
        fi
    done
}

search_meta_packages

You can easily list all available group packages with just a single command: pacman -Qg | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | uniq

One-liner version: echo "Searching for meta-packages..."; for pkg in $(pacman -Qq); do if [[ -z "$(pacman -Ql $pkg)" ]]; then echo "Meta-package found: $pkg"; fi; done