Google Sheets - How to format cells through code in Google Sheets - Option 3: Using `SpreadsheetApp.newConditionalFormatRule().withCriteria` instead of using `.whenFormulaSatisfied()`

conditional_formatting_with_criteria.gs

// Alternatively: Using withCriteria. Requires more boilerplate than using whenFormulaSatisfied.
// This code shows the same case above as a specific instance of the general case of using withCriteria,
// which has a bit more boilerplate setup.
function setRangeToRedBackground(cellsInA1Notation) {
  var sheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSheet();
  var range = sheet.getRange(cellsInA1Notation);
  var customFormulaString = "=A1=1";
  var criteria = SpreadsheetApp.BooleanCriteria.CUSTOM_FORMULA; // booleanConditionCriteriaType is an alternative name for this
  var argsArray = [customFormulaString]; // booleanConditionCriteriaValues is an alternative name for this
  // Could have used the convenience method whenFormulaSatisfied instead of withCriteria (withCriteria is probably what it uses internally).
  // withCriteria allows using any of the BooleanCriteria Enum types, like CUSTOM_FORMULA here, or CELL_EMPTY (then argsArray would need to be [])
  var rule = SpreadsheetApp.newConditionalFormatRule()
    .withCriteria(criteria, argsArray)
    .setBackground("red")
    .setRanges([range])
    .build();
  addConditionalFormatRule(sheet, rule); // simple custom convenience function I made, shown previously.
}