bar.cpp

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

extern "C" {
    void bar() {
        cout << "C++ throwing an exception" << endl;
        throw 273;
    }
    void foo();
}
int main() {
    cout << "C++ main function" << endl;
    try {
        foo();
    } catch (int e) {
        cout << "C++ catching an exception" << endl;
    }
}

foo.rs

struct Foo;
impl Drop for Foo {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        println!("Rust destructor is firing");
    }
}

extern "C" {
    fn bar();
}

#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn foo() {
    let f = Foo;
    println!("Rust creating object with destructor");
    unsafe {
        bar();
    }
}

powershell

> cl /c bar.cpp /EHs /Zi; rustc -g foo.rs --crate-type=staticlib; link foo.lib bar.ob
j ws2_32.lib advapi32.lib userenv.lib shell32.lib; ./bar.exe
Microsoft (R) C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 19.00.24215.1 for x64
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

bar.cpp
warning: unused variable: `f`, #[warn(unused_variables)] on by default
  --> foo.rs:15:9
   |
15 |     let f = Foo;
   |         ^

note: link against the following native artifacts when linking against this static library

note: the order and any duplication can be significant on some platforms, and so may need to be preserved

note: library: ws2_32

note: library: userenv

note: library: shell32

note: library: advapi32

note: library: msvcrt

Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 14.00.24215.1
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

C++ main function
Rust creating object with destructor
C++ throwing an exception
Rust destructor is firing
C++ catching an exception