OS X Screencast to animated GIF

GIF-Screencast-OSX.md

OS X Screencast to animated GIF

This gist shows how to create a GIF screencast using only free OS X tools: QuickTime, ffmpeg, and gifsicle.

Installation

The conversion process requires the following command-line tools:

• ffmpeg to process the video file
• gifsicle to create and optimize the an animated gif

If you use homebrew and homebrew-cask software packages, just type this in:

brew install ffmpeg 
brew cask install x-quartz #dependency for gifsicle, only required for mountain-lion and above
open /usr/local/Cellar/x-quartz/2.7.4/XQuartz.pkg # runs the XQuartz installer
brew install gifsicle

Usage

To capture the video (filesize: 19MB), using the free "QuickTime Player" application:

• Open "Quicktime Player",
• Go to File -> New Screen Recording
• Selected screen portion by dragging a rectangle, recorded 13 second video.
• Go to File -> Export -> As Movie
  • Saved the video in full quality with the filename in.mov

To convert in.mov into out.gif (filesize: 48KB), open Terminal to the folder with in.mov and run the following command:

ffmpeg -i input.mov -vf scale=1000:-1 -pix_fmt rgb24 -r 10 -f gif - | gifsicle --optimize=3 --delay=6 > out.gif

Notes on the arguments:

• -r 10 tells ffmpeg to reduce the frame rate from 25 fps to 10
• -s 600x400 tells ffmpeg the max-width and max-height
• -vf scale tells ffmpeg the max-width, while keeping the same aspect ratio
• --delay=6 tells gifsicle to delay 60ms between each gif
• --optimize=3 requests that gifsicle use the slowest/most file-size optimization

See also

I ended up rewriting this gist's functionality into screengif, a ruby script with significant quality improvements and a few gratuitous features. Check it out at https://github.com/dergachev/screengif

Resources

• http://schneems.com/post/41104255619/use-gifs-in-your-pull-request-for-good-not-evil (primary source!)
• http://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/16zu7d/use_gifs_in_your_pull_requests_for_good_not_evil/
• http://superuser.com/questions/436056/how-can-i-get-ffmpeg-to-convert-a-mov-to-a-gif#_=_
• http://gnuski.blogspot.ca/2012/06/creating-animate-gif-with-free-software.html

Related Ideas

• Extend https://github.com/dergachev/copy-public-url folder action for this use case
  • it would automate the conversion before copying Dropbox public URL
  • assign the folder action to ~/Dropbox/Public/Screenshots/gif
  • consider finding a way to simplify the dependency installation

Performance-vs-quality.md

GIF-Screencast-OSX performance testing

I was disappointed with the color and quality that ffmpeg's GIF conversion gives. Imagemagick's convert can also be used to do the conversion, though this has serious performance penalties.

The following details my experiments of converting a 3.8 second movie to a GIF.

FFMPEG to PNG -> CONVERT to GIF individually

• 42 seconds in CONVERT, did not determine file size

ffmpeg -i in-trimmed.mov -r 10 -vcodec png out-static-%02d.png 
time for img in out-static*.png; do convert -verbose +dither -layers Optimize "$img" "$img.gif" ;  done

FFMPEG to PNG -> CONVERT TO GIF in bulk

• 70KB filesize; 7.2 seconds in CONVERT
• http://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/29440342/screenshots/CTHVGY-Screencast-2013.02.06-18.03.gif

ffmpeg -i in-trimmed.mov -r 10 -vcodec png out-static-%02d.png 
time convert -verbose +dither -layers Optimize -resize 600x600\> out-static*.png  GIF:- > out13.gif

FFMPEG to PNG -> CONVERT to GIF in bulk -> gifsicle

• 56KB size; 7.2 seconds in CONVERT
• http://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/29440342/screenshots/USNVKN-Screencast-2013.02.06-18.13.gif

ffmpeg -i in-trimmed.mov -r 10 -vcodec png out-static-%02d.png 
time convert -verbose +dither -layers Optimize -resize 600x600\> out-static*.png  GIF:- | gifsicle --colors 128 --delay=5 --loop --optimize=3 --multifile - > out12.gif

FFMPEG to PPM -> CONVERT to GIF in bulk

• 6.7 seconds in CONVERT, 70KB filesize
• http://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/29440342/screenshots/ZMMDMX-Screencast-2013.02.06-17.59.gif

ffmpeg -i in-trimmed.mov -r 10 -vcodec ppm out-static-%02d.ppm
time convert -verbose +dither -layers Optimize -resize 600x600\> out-static*.ppm  GIF:- > out14.gif

FFMPEG to PPM -> CONVERT to GIF in bulk -> gifsicle

• 7.2 seconds in CONVERT, 56KB filesize
• http://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/29440342/screenshots/UGTQNY-Screencast-2013.02.06-17.49.gif

time ffmpeg -i  in-trimmed.mov -r 10 -f image2pipe -vcodec ppm - |  time convert -verbose +dither -layers Optimize -resize 600x600\> - gif:- | gifsicle --colors 128 --delay=5 --loop --optimize=3 --multifile ->  out15.gif

FFMPEG to GIF -> gifsicle

• 1 second total (not using CONVERT), 22KB filesize
• http://dl-web.dropbox.com/u/29440342/screenshots/XVXWCJ-Screencast-2013.02.06-17.48.gif

ffmpeg -i in-trimmed.mov -vf "scale=min(iw\,600):-1" -pix_fmt rgb24 -r 10 -f gif - | gifsicle --optimize=3 --delay=7 --colors 128 > out16.gif

Notes

• Omitting resizing down to 600x600 before converting to GIF dramatically slows down CONVERT.
• PPM is the only image format that is compatible with FFMPEG piping directly to CONVERT
  • it has the same performance and compression characteristics as outputting to PNG
  • it avoids creating and cleaning up temporary image files
  • otherwise the temporary files would need to be sorted by numeric order before globbing

Resources

• http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=18320#reading-multiple-images-over-standard-input
• http://superuser.com/questions/71028/batch-converting-png-to-jpg-in-linux
• http://zeekish.wordpress.com/2011/09/14/pdf-to-gif-conversion-and-optimization/
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3306888/ffmpeg-generate-n-evenly-spaced-png-screenshots
• http://mariovalle.name/postprocessing/ImageTools.html#gifsicle
• http://ffmpeg-users.933282.n4.nabble.com/Converting-avi-files-to-animated-gifs-td935274.html
• https://lists.libav.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-user/2010-August/026860.html
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8133242/ffmpeg-resize-down-larger-video-to-fit-desired-size-and-add-padding
• http://superuser.com/questions/318845/improve-quality-of-ffmpeg-created-jpgs