Binds/unbinds devices. Used on framework laptops, see https://community.frame.work/t/guide-automatically-disable-usb-devices-for-battery-savings/20392

turn_usb.sh

#! /usr/bin/env bash

usage() {
  echo "
  Bind/unbind a USB device from a given vendor:product id
  Usage: $(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}") [-h] [-d|--dry-run] [--hdmi|microsd|usba|ssd250] [--detect=deviceid:vendorid] [on|off]
  
  Example usage: $(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}") --hdmi off
  Example usage: $(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}") --detect=27c6:609c
  " >&2
  exit 1
}

# hard coded framework modules
# (driver device-id vendor-id) from lsusb and sudo grep -iFl "PRODUCT=DEVICE-ID" /sys/bus/usb/drivers/**/*/uevent
hdmi=(usb 32ac 0002)
microsd=(usb-storage 090c 3350)
usba=(usb 27c6 609c)
ssd250=(usb 13fe 6500)

# Variables used in the script

## Command line arguments
driver_type= # The sub-folder in /sys/bus/usb/drivers/ which is responsible for the usb device
dry_run= # If set to 1, print the message but don't actually bind/unbind
# vendor_id and product_id combine to identify the USB device requested to modify
# Users can use lsusb to figure out the parameters: https://wiki.debian.org/HowToIdentifyADevice/USB
vendor_id=
product_id=
usb_command= # set to either "bind" or "unbind"

## local variables
TEMP= # Used for parsing the command line arguments. Copy/pasta from the getopt template
short_vendor_id= # same as vendor_id, but with leading 0's stripped off
short_product_id= # same as vendor_id, but with leading 0's stripped off
usb_id= # The bus/port/? identifier. The main work of the script is to take the vendor/product id and figure out which usb_id corresponds to this device for this particular boot.
detect=false
device= # helper variable for less code

# Step 1: Parse command line arguments into appropriate variables
TEMP=$(getopt -o 'dh' --longoptions 'dry-run,help,hdmi,microsd,usba,ssd250,detect:' -n "$0" -- "$@")

if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    usage
fi

eval set -- "$TEMP"
unset TEMP

while true; do
	case "$1" in
    '-h'|'--help')
      usage
			shift 1
			continue
		;;
    '-d'|'--dry-run')
      dry_run=1
			shift 1
			continue
		;;
		'--hdmi')
			device=("${hdmi[@]}")
			shift 1
			continue
		;;
		'--microsd')
			device=("${microsd[@]}")
			shift 1
			continue
		;;
    '--usba')
    	device=("${usba[@]}")
			shift 1
			continue
		;;
		'--ssd250')
			device=("${ssd250[@]}")
			shift 1
			continue
		;;
    '--detect')
    	tmp=($(echo "$2" | tr ":" " "))
    	vendor_id="${tmp[0]}"
    	product_id="${tmp[1]}"
    	detect=true
			shift 2
			continue
		;;
		'--')
			shift
			break
		;;
		*)
      usage
		;;
	esac
done

if [ $detect = false ] && [ "${#device[@]}" != 0 ]; then
	driver_type="${device[0]}"
	vendor_id="${device[1]}"
	product_id="${device[2]}"
fi

if [ -z "$vendor_id" ]; then # we only check for vendor_id, as this is only set when a device is specified
  echo "missing device" >&2
  exit 1
fi

if [ $detect = true ]; then # abort on wrong number of CLI arguments, depending on use-case
	if [ "$#" -ne 0 ]; then
	 usage
	fi
else
	if [ "$#" -ne 1 ]; then
	 usage
	fi
fi

# Strip leading zeros from the vendor:product id
short_vendor_id=$(printf "%X" "0x${vendor_id}")
short_product_id=$(printf "%X" "0x${product_id}")

# Step 2: Figure out the usb id for the device
# For both bound and unbound devices, the device will have at least one entry in /sys/bus/usb/devices/${usb_id}/uevent
# So, we begin by searching through all these files for the ones matching our USB device
# This will probably match multiple times. E.g. the device might be registered on /usb/2-2 and usb-storage/2-2:1-0
# We want to unbind at the lowest place in the tree, so loop through each match and choose the one with the longest usb_id
# EDIT Changed to use shortest id, as longest one didn't worked for me
while IFS= read -r line; do
  path_parts=($(echo "$line" | cut -d "/"  --output-delimiter=" " -f 1-))
  if [ "${#path_parts[@]}" -lt 3 ]; then
    # Usually this happens if you try to bind/unbind/rebind too quickly
    continue
  fi
  new_usb_id="${path_parts[-2]}"
  # echo $new_usb_id

  if [ "${#new_usb_id}" -gt "${#usb_id}" ]; then
  	if [[ "$new_usb_id" == *":"* ]]; then # skip long usb-ids
  		continue
  	fi
  	usb_id=${new_usb_id}
  	if [[ -z $driver_type ]]; then # used to detect the driver of a previously unknown expension card 
		  sys_array=($(echo "$line" | tr "/" " "))
		  new_driver_type=${sys_array[2]}
		  echo "Driver type: $new_driver_type"
		  echo "Add to script (hardcoded framework modules section) as: DEVICE_SHORT=($new_driver_type $vendor_id $product_id)"
		  echo "Example: usba=(usb 27c6 609c)"
    	echo "Also remember to add a new CLI argument and CLI argument evaluation"
    	exit 1
  	fi
    # echo "driver type: $driver_type"
    # echo "usb id: $usb_id"
  fi
done <<< $(grep -iFl "PRODUCT=${short_vendor_id}/${short_product_id}" /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/uevent)

if [ -z "$usb_id" ]; then
  echo "could not calculate the usb-id" >&2
  echo "is the specified expansion card mounted?" >&2
  exit 1
fi

if [ "$1" == "on" ]; then
  usb_command="bind"
elif [ "$1" == "off" ]; then
  usb_command="unbind"
else
  echo "missing on/off" >&2
  exit 1
fi

# Step 3: Check to see if the device has already been bound/unbound and just no-op if there's nothing to do
if [ -d "/sys/bus/usb/drivers/${driver_type}/${usb_id}" ]; then
  if [ "$usb_command" == "bind" ]; then
    echo "The device is already bound. Nothing to do"
    exit 0
  fi
elif [ "$usb_command" == "unbind" ]; then
  echo "The device is already unbound. Nothing to do"
  exit 0
fi

# Step 4; Bind/unbind the USB device by writing the usb_id to the correct bind or unbind file in sys/bus/usb
echo "Calling ${usb_command} for ${driver_type}/${usb_id}"

if [ -z "$dry_run" ]; then
  echo -n "$usb_id" | sudo tee /sys/bus/usb/drivers/${driver_type}/${usb_command} > /dev/null
fi