where the wild ruby-things are

conventional_naming.rb

# upper-camel case 
class ClassLikeName
end

# lower-snake case
def method_like_name
  return 'method return value'
end

ClassLikeName #=> ClassLikeName
# returns the class itself

method_like_name #=> "method return value"
# executes the method and returns its return value

ClassLikeName.new() #=> #<ClassLikeName:0x007f92607d8d50> 
# returns a new instance of the class

method_like_name() #=> "method return value"
# same as before. executes the method and returns its return value.

ClassLikeMethod() #=> NoMethodError: undefined method `Ho' for main:Object
# The `()` that follows the class forces ruby to call a method with that name.

method_like_name.new() #=> NoMethodError: undefined method `new' for "method return value":String
# #new gets chained to the return value of the method.

where_are_you.rb

# upper-camel case
class ClassLikeName
end

# upper-camel case
def ClassLikeName
  return 'method return value'
end

# lower-snake case
def method_like_name
  return 'method return value'
end

Object.constants #=> [..., ClassLikeName,...]

self.private_methods #=> [..., ClassLikeName, method_like_name,...]

you_are_a_dick_naming.rb

# upper-camel case
class ClassLikeName
end

# upper-camel case
def ClassLikeName
  return 'method return value'
end

# First note that this works just fine.

ClassLikeName #=> ClassLikeName
# return the class (it wins over the method).

ClassLikeName.new() #=> #<ClassLikeName:0x007f92607d8d50>
# returns a new instance of the class. class 2 - method 0 (such a looser :P)

ClassLikeName() #=> "method return value"
# executes the method and returns its return value. See, the `()` forces ruby to take the "method" path.