Minimal working example for Ubuntu bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/openssl/+bug/1763870

mwe.c

#include <openssl/crypto.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>

#pragma message "Compile time OpenSSL: " OPENSSL_VERSION_TEXT

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x010100000
    /* before 1.1.0 `OpenSSL_version` was `SSLeay_version` */
#   define OpenSSL_version SSLeay_version
#   define OPENSSL_VERSION SSLEAY_VERSION
#endif

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
        EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD *meth = NULL;
        printf("runtime OpenSSL version: %s\n", OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION));


        meth = EVP_PKEY_asn1_new(NID_undef, 0, "pem_str", "info");
        if (meth == NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "EVP_PKEY_ans1_new() returned NULL\n");
        }
        else {
                EVP_PKEY_asn1_set_item(meth, NULL, NULL);
        }

        printf("%p\n", EVP_PKEY_asn1_set_item);

        return 0;
}

On a vanilla ubuntu:xenial Docker container (after installing build-essentials and libssl-dev):

root@6415fde92005:~# gcc mwe.c -lcrypto -ldl -lpthread
mwe.c:4:9: note: #pragma message: Compile time OpenSSL: OpenSSL 1.0.2g  1 Mar 2016
 #pragma message "Compile time OpenSSL: " OPENSSL_VERSION_TEXT
         ^
/tmp/ccBB3iLF.o: In function `main':
mwe.c:(.text+0x82): undefined reference to `EVP_PKEY_asn1_set_item'
mwe.c:(.text+0x87): undefined reference to `EVP_PKEY_asn1_set_item'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Compilation succeeds but linking fails, because the EVP_PKEY_asn1_set_item symbol has been masked by package mantainers