source: http://askubuntu.com/a/14083
$ pacmd list-sinks
* index: 1
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause:
priority: 9959
volume: 0: 70% 1: 70%
0: -9.29 dB 1: -9.29 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 100%
0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 23.02 ms
max request: 4 KiB
max rewind: 64 KiB
monitor source: 1
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 23.22 ms; range is 2.00 .. 371.52 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 6
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "CS4208 Analog"
alsa.id = "CS4208 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xa0a14000 irq 50"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "8c20"
device.product.name = "Lynx Point High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:1"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
alsa.mixer_name = "Cirrus Logic CS4208"
alsa.components = "HDA:10134208,106b5e00,00100300"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output: Analog Output (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
active port: <analog-output-headphones>
>>>
[/usr/share/alsa/cards]$ pacmd set-default-sink "alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo" rvm:ruby-2.0.0-p247
Welcome to PulseAudio! Use "help" for usage information.
>>> >>> %