Location Manager service providing an asynchronous way of accessing the user current location.

LocationManager.swift

import Foundation
import CoreLocation

class LocationManager: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate {
    
    //MARK: Object to Access Location Services
    private let locationManager = CLLocationManager()
    
    //MARK: Set up the Location Manager Delegate
    override init() {
        super.init()
        locationManager.delegate = self
    }
    
    //MARK: Request Authorization to access the User Location
    func checkAuthorization() {
        switch locationManager.authorizationStatus {
        case .notDetermined:
            locationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
        default:
            return
        }
    }
    
    //MARK: Continuation Object for the User Location
    private var continuation: CheckedContinuation<CLLocation, Error>?
    
    // Error messages associated with the location manager
    enum LocationManagerError: String, Error {
        case replaceContinuation = "Continuation replaced."
        case locationNotFound = "No location found."
    }
    
    //MARK: Async Request the Current Location
    var currentLocation: CLLocation {
        get async throws {
            // Check if there is a continuation being worked on
            if self.continuation != nil {
                // If so, resumes it throwing an error
                self.continuation?.resume(throwing: LocationManagerError.replaceContinuation)
                // And deletes it, so a new one can be created
                self.continuation = nil
            }
            
            return try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
                // 1. Set up the continuation object
                self.continuation = continuation
                // 2. Triggers the update of the current location
                locationManager.requestLocation()
            }
        }
    }
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
        // 4. If there is a location available
        if let lastLocation = locations.last {
            // 5. Resumes the continuation object with the user location as result
            continuation?.resume(returning: lastLocation)
            // Resets the continuation object
            continuation = nil
        } else {
            // If there is no location, resumes the continuation throwing and error to avoid a continuation leak
            continuation?.resume(throwing: LocationManagerError.locationNotFound)
        }
    }
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didFailWithError error: Error) {
        // 6. If not possible to retrieve a location, resumes with an error
        continuation?.resume(throwing: error)
        // Resets the continuation object
        continuation = nil
    }
    
}

UserLocationMapView.swift

import SwiftUI
import MapKit

struct ContentView: View {
    // MARK: Instance of the location manager
    var locationManager = LocationManager()
    
    // MARK: Properties
    @State var location: CLLocation?
    
    // MARK: Position of the MapCamera
    @State private var position: MapCameraPosition = .automatic
    
    // MARK: Body
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Map(position: $position) {
                UserAnnotation()
            }
            .clipShape(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 15))
            .shadow(radius: 5)
            
            Text(location?.description ?? "No location yet")
                .padding()
                .foregroundColor(.secondary)
            
            Button {
                Task { await self.updateLocation() }
            } label: {
                Text("Get Location")
            }
        }
        .padding()
        .background {
            Color.gray.opacity(0.4)
                .ignoresSafeArea()
        }
        .task {
            // 1. Check if the app is authorized to access the location services of the device
            locationManager.checkAuthorization()
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: Get the current user location if available
    func updateLocation() async {
        do {
            // 1. Get the current location from the location manager
            self.location = try await locationManager.currentLocation
            // 2. Update the camera position of the map to center around the user location
            self.updateMapPosition()
        } catch {
            print("Could not get user location: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: Change the camera of the Map view
    func updateMapPosition() {
        if let location = self.location {
            let regionCenter = CLLocationCoordinate2D(
                latitude: location.coordinate.latitude,
                longitude: location.coordinate.longitude
            )
            let regionSpan = MKCoordinateSpan(latitudeDelta: 0.125, longitudeDelta: 0.125)
            
            self.position = .region(MKCoordinateRegion(center: regionCenter, span: regionSpan))
        }
    }
    
}

Had this error "SWIFT TASK CONTINUATION MISUSE: currentLocation leaked its continuation without resuming it. This may cause tasks waiting on it to remain suspended forever." in my code so was searching how other people do it. Looks like your code has the same issue.

Solved! I've updated the location manager so a continuation is always resumed, in every code path. Thanks for the feedback!