A gist to demonstrate the power of Neo4j for dealing with hierarchical data.

hierarchy.cql for 2.0

//Let's create the top of the tree, the PRODUCT
create (n1:PRODUCT {id:1});

//Let's create 100 children of the PRODUCT, COST_GROUPS connected to the top of the tree
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})
with range(1,100) as RANGE, n1
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n2:COST_GROUP {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n1) );

//for every COST_GROUP, let's connect 100 children at a 3rd level, the COST_TYPEs
match (n2:COST_GROUP)
with range(1,100) as RANGE, n2
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n3:COST_TYPE {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n2) );

//for every COST_TYPE, connect 10 COST_SUBTYPEs 
match (n3:COST_TYPE)
with range(1,10) as RANGE, n3
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n4:COST_SUBTYPE {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n3) );

//for every COST_SUBTYPE, connect 5 different COSTs
match (n4:COST_SUBTYPE)
with range(1,5) as RANGE, n4
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n5:COST {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n4) );

//for every COST, connect 3 COST_COMPONENTs
match (n5:COST)
create (n6:COST_COMPONENT {id:1,price:round(rand()*1000)})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n5);
match (n5:COST)
create (n6:COST_COMPONENT {id:2,price:round(rand()*1000)})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n5);
match (n5:COST)
create (n6:COST_COMPONENT {id:3,price:round(rand()*1000)})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n5);

//(re-)adding price information to Level 6
match (n6:COST_COMPONENT)
set n6.price=round(rand()*1000);

//Check the graph to see if right numbers have been added
match (n) return labels(n) as Label, count(n);

//calculating price based on full sweep of the tree
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})<-[r1]-(:COST_GROUP)<-[r2]-(:COST_TYPE)<-[r3]-(:COST_SUBTYPE)<-[r4]-(:COST)<-[r5]-(n6:COST_COMPONENT)
return sum(r1.quantity*r2.quantity*r3.quantity*r4.quantity*r5.quantity*n6.price) as CalculatedPrice;


//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST level
match (n5:COST)<-[r5]-(n6:COST_COMPONENT)
with n5, sum(r5.quantity*n6.price) as Sum
set n5.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST-SUBTYPE level
match (n4:COST_SUBTYPE)<-[r4]-(n5:COST)
with n4,sum(r4.quantity*n5.price) as Sum
set n4.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST-TYPE level
match (n3:COST_TYPE)<-[r3]-(n4:COST_SUBTYPE)
with n3,sum(r3.quantity*n4.price) as Sum
set n3.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST-GROUP level
match (n2:COST_GROUP)<-[r2]-(n3:COST_TYPE)
with n2,sum(r2.quantity*n3.price) as Sum
set n2.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the PRODUCT level
match (n1:PRODUCT)<-[r1]-(n2:COST_GROUP)
with n1, sum(r1.quantity*n2.price) as Sum
set n1.price=Sum;


//calculate pricing using intermediate pricing levels at the COST-GROUP level
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})<-[r1]-(n2:COST_GROUP)
return sum(r1.quantity*n2.price);

//calculate pricing using intermediate pricing levels at the COST-TYPE level
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})<-[r1]-(n2:COST_GROUP)<-[r2]-(n3:COST_TYPE)
return sum(r1.quantity*r2.quantity*n3.price);

//Changing the price of ONE COST_COMPONENT
match (n6:COST_COMPONENT)
with n6, n6.price as OLDPRICE limit 1
set n6.price = n6.price*10
with n6.price-OLDPRICE as PRICEDIFF,n6
match n6-[r5:PART_OF]->(n5:COST)-[r4:PART_OF]->(n4:COST_SUBTYPE)-[r3:PART_OF]->(n3:COST_TYPE)-[r2:PART_OF]->(n2:COST_GROUP)-[r1:PART_OF]-(n1:PRODUCT)
set n5.price=n5.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity),
n4.price=n4.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity),
n3.price=n3.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity),
n2.price=n2.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity),
n1.price=n1.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity*r1.quantity)
return PRICEDIFF, n1.price;

//Changing the price of ONE HUNDRED COST_COMPONENTS
match (n6:COST_COMPONENT)
with n6, n6.price as OLDPRICE limit 100
set n6.price = round(n6.price*1.05)
with n6.price-OLDPRICE as PRICEDIFF,n6
match n6-[r5:PART_OF]->(n5:COST)-[r4:PART_OF]->(n4:COST_SUBTYPE)-[r3:PART_OF]->(n3:COST_TYPE)-[r2:PART_OF]->(n2:COST_GROUP)-[r1:PART_OF]-(n1:PRODUCT)
set n5.price=n5.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity),
n4.price=n4.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity),
n3.price=n3.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity),
n2.price=n2.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity),
n1.price=n1.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity*r1.quantity)
return PRICEDIFF, n1.price;

hierarchy.cql for 2.1

//Let's create the top of the tree, the PRODUCT
create (n1:PRODUCT {id:1});

//Let's create 100 children of the PRODUCT, COST_GROUPS connected to the top of the tree
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})
with range(1,100) as RANGE, n1
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n2:COST_GROUP {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n1) );

//for every COST_GROUP, let's connect 100 children at a 3rd level, the COST_TYPEs
USING PERIODIC COMMIT
match (n2:COST_GROUP)
with range(1,100) as RANGE, n2
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n3:COST_TYPE {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n2) );

//for every COST_TYPE, connect 10 COST_SUBTYPEs 
USING PERIODIC COMMIT
match (n3:COST_TYPE)
with range(1,10) as RANGE, n3
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n4:COST_SUBTYPE {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n3) );

//for every COST_SUBTYPE, connect 5 different COSTs
USING PERIODIC COMMIT
match (n4:COST_SUBTYPE)
with range(1,5) as RANGE, n4
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n5:COST {id:r})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n4) );

//for every COST, connect 3 COST_COMPONENTs
USING PERIODIC COMMIT
match (n5:COST)
with range(1,3) as RANGE, n5
foreach (r in RANGE | create (n6:COST_COMPONENT {id:r,price:round(rand()*1000)})-[:PART_OF {quantity:round(rand()*100)}]->(n5));

//(re-)adding price information to Level 6
match (n6:COST_COMPONENT)
set n6.price=round(rand()*1000);

//Check the graph to see if right numbers have been added
match (n) return labels(n) as Label, count(n);

//calculating price based on full sweep of the tree
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})<-[r1]-(:COST_GROUP)<-[r2]-(:COST_TYPE)<-[r3]-(:COST_SUBTYPE)<-[r4]-(:COST)<-[r5]-(n6:COST_COMPONENT)
return sum(r1.quantity*r2.quantity*r3.quantity*r4.quantity*r5.quantity*n6.price) as CalculatedPrice;


//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST level
match (n5:COST)<-[r5]-(n6:COST_COMPONENT)
with n5, sum(r5.quantity*n6.price) as Sum
set n5.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST-SUBTYPE level
match (n4:COST_SUBTYPE)<-[r4]-(n5:COST)
with n4,sum(r4.quantity*n5.price) as Sum
set n4.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST-TYPE level
match (n3:COST_TYPE)<-[r3]-(n4:COST_SUBTYPE)
with n3,sum(r3.quantity*n4.price) as Sum
set n3.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the COST-GROUP level
match (n2:COST_GROUP)<-[r2]-(n3:COST_TYPE)
with n2,sum(r2.quantity*n3.price) as Sum
set n2.price=Sum;

//calculate intermediate pricing at the PRODUCT level
match (n1:PRODUCT)<-[r1]-(n2:COST_GROUP)
with n1, sum(r1.quantity*n2.price) as Sum
set n1.price=Sum;


//calculate pricing using intermediate pricing levels at the COST-GROUP level
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})<-[r1]-(n2:COST_GROUP)
return sum(r1.quantity*n2.price);

//calculate pricing using intermediate pricing levels at the COST-TYPE level
match (n1:PRODUCT {id:1})<-[r1]-(n2:COST_GROUP)<-[r2]-(n3:COST_TYPE)
return sum(r1.quantity*r2.quantity*n3.price);

//Changing the price of ONE COST_COMPONENT
match (n6:COST_COMPONENT)
with n6, n6.price as OLDPRICE limit 1
set n6.price = n6.price*10
with n6.price-OLDPRICE as PRICEDIFF,n6
match n6-[r5:PART_OF]->(n5:COST)-[r4:PART_OF]->(n4:COST_SUBTYPE)-[r3:PART_OF]->(n3:COST_TYPE)-[r2:PART_OF]->(n2:COST_GROUP)-[r1:PART_OF]-(n1:PRODUCT)
set n5.price=n5.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity),
n4.price=n4.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity),
n3.price=n3.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity),
n2.price=n2.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity),
n1.price=n1.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity*r1.quantity)
return PRICEDIFF, n1.price;

//Changing the price of ONE HUNDRED COST_COMPONENTS
match (n6:COST_COMPONENT)
with n6, n6.price as OLDPRICE limit 100
set n6.price = round(n6.price*1.05)
with n6.price-OLDPRICE as PRICEDIFF,n6
match n6-[r5:PART_OF]->(n5:COST)-[r4:PART_OF]->(n4:COST_SUBTYPE)-[r3:PART_OF]->(n3:COST_TYPE)-[r2:PART_OF]->(n2:COST_GROUP)-[r1:PART_OF]-(n1:PRODUCT)
set n5.price=n5.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity),
n4.price=n4.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity),
n3.price=n3.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity),
n2.price=n2.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity),
n1.price=n1.price+(PRICEDIFF*r5.quantity*r4.quantity*r3.quantity*r2.quantity*r1.quantity)
return PRICEDIFF, n1.price;