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man 5 terminfo for openbsd
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| terminfo(5) File Formats terminfo(5) | |
| NNAAMMEE | |
| terminfo - terminal capability database | |
| SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS | |
| /usr/share/misc/terminfo/*/* | |
| DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN | |
| _T_e_r_m_i_n_f_o is a data base describing terminals, used by screen-oriented | |
| programs such as nnvvii(1), rroogguuee(1) and libraries such as ccuurrsseess(3). | |
| _T_e_r_m_i_n_f_o describes terminals by giving a set of capabilities which they | |
| have, by specifying how to perform screen operations, and by specifying | |
| padding requirements and initialization sequences. This describes | |
| nnccuurrsseess version 5.7. | |
| Entries in _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o consist of a sequence of `,' separated fields | |
| (embedded commas may be escaped with a backslash or notated as \054). | |
| White space after the `,' separator is ignored. The first entry for | |
| each terminal gives the names which are known for the terminal, | |
| separated by `|' characters. The first name given is the most common | |
| abbreviation for the terminal, the last name given should be a long | |
| name fully identifying the terminal, and all others are understood as | |
| synonyms for the terminal name. All names but the last should be in | |
| lower case and contain no blanks; the last name may well contain upper | |
| case and blanks for readability. | |
| Lines beginning with a `#' in the first column are treated as comments. | |
| While comment lines are legal at any point, the output of ccaappttooiinnffoo and | |
| iinnffoottooccaapp (aliases for ttiicc) will move comments so they occur only | |
| between entries. | |
| Newlines and leading tabs may be used for formatting entries for | |
| readability. These are removed from parsed entries. The iinnffooccmmpp --ff | |
| option relies on this to format if-then-else expressions: the result | |
| can be read by @@ttiicc. | |
| Terminal names (except for the last, verbose entry) should be chosen | |
| using the following conventions. The particular piece of hardware | |
| making up the terminal should have a root name, thus ``hp2621''. This | |
| name should not contain hyphens. Modes that the hardware can be in, or | |
| user preferences, should be indicated by appending a hyphen and a mode | |
| suffix. Thus, a vt100 in 132 column mode would be vt100-w. The | |
| following suffixes should be used where possible: | |
| SSuuffffiixx MMeeaanniinngg EExxaammppllee | |
| -_n_n Number of lines on the screen aaa-60 | |
| -_np Number of pages of memory c100-4p | |
| -am With automargins (usually the default) vt100-am | |
| -m Mono mode; suppress color ansi-m | |
| -mc Magic cookie; spaces when highlighting wy30-mc | |
| -na No arrow keys (leave them in local) c100-na | |
| -nam Without automatic margins vt100-nam | |
| -nl No status line att4415-nl | |
| -ns No status line hp2626-ns | |
| -rv Reverse video c100-rv | |
| -s Enable status line vt100-s | |
| -vb Use visible bell instead of beep wy370-vb | |
| -w Wide mode (> 80 columns, usually 132) vt100-w | |
| For more on terminal naming conventions, see the tteerrmm((77)) manual page. | |
| CCaappaabbiilliittiieess | |
| The following is a complete table of the capabilities included in a | |
| terminfo description block and available to terminfo-using code. In | |
| each line of the table, | |
| The vvaarriiaabbllee is the name by which the programmer (at the terminfo | |
| level) accesses the capability. | |
| The ccaappnnaammee is the short name used in the text of the database, and is | |
| used by a person updating the database. Whenever possible, capnames | |
| are chosen to be the same as or similar to the ANSI X3.64-1979 standard | |
| (now superseded by ECMA-48, which uses identical or very similar | |
| names). Semantics are also intended to match those of the | |
| specification. | |
| The termcap code is the old tteerrmmccaapp capability name (some capabilities | |
| are new, and have names which termcap did not originate). | |
| Capability names have no hard length limit, but an informal limit of 5 | |
| characters has been adopted to keep them short and to allow the tabs in | |
| the source file CCaappss to line up nicely. | |
| Finally, the description field attempts to convey the semantics of the | |
| capability. You may find some codes in the description field: | |
| (P) indicates that padding may be specified | |
| #[1-9] in the description field indicates that the string is passed | |
| through tparm with parms as given (#_i). | |
| (P*) indicates that padding may vary in proportion to the number of | |
| lines affected | |
| (#d_iu) indicates the _iuthd parameter. | |
| These are the boolean capabilities: | |
| VVaarriiaabbllee CCaapp-- TTCCaapp DDeessccrriippttiioonn | |
| BBoooolleeaannss nnaammee CCooddee | |
| auto_left_margin bw bw cub1 wraps from column 0 to last column | |
| auto_right_margin am am terminal has automatic margins | |
| back_color_erase bce ut screen erased with background color | |
| can_change ccc cc terminal can re-define existing colors | |
| ceol_standout_glitch xhp xs standout not erased by overwriting (hp) | |
| col_addr_glitch xhpa YA only positive motion for hpa/mhpa caps | |
| cpi_changes_res cpix YF changing character pitch changes resolution | |
| cr_cancels_micro_mode crxm YB using cr turns off micro mode | |
| dest_tabs_magic_smso xt xt tabs destructive, magic so char (t1061) | |
| eat_newline_glitch xenl xn newline ignored after 80 cols (concept) | |
| erase_overstrike eo eo can erase overstrikes with a blank | |
| generic_type gn gn generic line type | |
| hard_copy hc hc hardcopy terminal | |
| hard_cursor chts HC cursor is hard to see | |
| has_meta_key km km Has a meta key (i.e., sets 8th-bit) | |
| has_print_wheel daisy YC printer needs operator to change character set | |
| has_status_line hs hs has extra status line | |
| hue_lightness_saturation hls hl terminal uses only HLS color notation (Tektronix) | |
| insert_null_glitch in in insert mode distinguishes nulls | |
| lpi_changes_res lpix YG changing line pitch changes resolution | |
| memory_above da da display may be retained above the screen | |
| memory_below db db display may be retained below the screen | |
| move_insert_mode mir mi safe to move while in insert mode | |
| move_standout_mode msgr ms safe to move while in standout mode | |
| needs_xon_xoff nxon nx padding will not work, xon/xoff required | |
| no_esc_ctlc xsb xb beehive (f1=escape, f2=ctrl C) | |
| no_pad_char npc NP pad character does not exist | |
| non_dest_scroll_region ndscr ND scrolling region is non-destructive | |
| non_rev_rmcup nrrmc NR smcup does not reverse rmcup | |
| over_strike os os terminal can overstrike | |
| prtr_silent mc5i 5i printer will not echo on screen | |
| row_addr_glitch xvpa YD only positive motion for vpa/mvpa caps | |
| semi_auto_right_margin sam YE printing in last column causes cr | |
| status_line_esc_ok eslok es escape can be used on the status line | |
| tilde_glitch hz hz cannot print ~'s (hazeltine) | |
| transparent_underline ul ul underline character overstrikes | |
| xon_xoff xon xo terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking | |
| These are the numeric capabilities: | |
| VVaarriiaabbllee CCaapp-- TTCCaapp DDeessccrriippttiioonn | |
| NNuummeerriicc nnaammee CCooddee | |
| columns cols co number of columns in a line | |
| init_tabs it it tabs initially every # spaces | |
| label_height lh lh rows in each label | |
| label_width lw lw columns in each label | |
| lines lines li number of lines on screen or page | |
| lines_of_memory lm lm lines of memory if > line. 0 means varies | |
| magic_cookie_glitch xmc sg number of blank characters left by smso or rmso | |
| max_attributes ma ma maximum combined attributes terminal can handle | |
| max_colors colors Co maximum number of colors on screen | |
| max_pairs pairs pa maximum number of color-pairs on the screen | |
| maximum_windows wnum MW maximum number of defineable windows | |
| no_color_video ncv NC video attributes that cannot be used with colors | |
| num_labels nlab Nl number of labels on screen | |
| padding_baud_rate pb pb lowest baud rate where padding needed | |
| virtual_terminal vt vt virtual terminal number (CB/unix) | |
| width_status_line wsl ws number of columns in status line | |
| The following numeric capabilities are present in the SVr4.0 term | |
| structure, but are not yet documented in the man page. They came in | |
| with SVr4's printer support. | |
| VVaarriiaabbllee CCaapp-- TTCCaapp DDeessccrriippttiioonn | |
| NNuummeerriicc nnaammee CCooddee | |
| bit_image_entwining bitwin Yo number of passes for each bit-image row | |
| bit_image_type bitype Yp type of bit-image device | |
| buffer_capacity bufsz Ya numbers of bytes buffered before printing | |
| buttons btns BT number of buttons on mouse | |
| dot_horz_spacing spinh Yc spacing of dots horizontally in dots per inch | |
| dot_vert_spacing spinv Yb spacing of pins vertically in pins per inch | |
| max_micro_address maddr Yd maximum value in micro_..._address | |
| max_micro_jump mjump Ye maximum value in parm_..._micro | |
| micro_col_size mcs Yf character step size when in micro mode | |
| micro_line_size mls Yg line step size when in micro mode | |
| number_of_pins npins Yh numbers of pins in print-head | |
| output_res_char orc Yi horizontal resolution in units per line | |
| output_res_horz_inch orhi Yk horizontal resolution in units per inch | |
| output_res_line orl Yj vertical resolution in units per line | |
| output_res_vert_inch orvi Yl vertical resolution in units per inch | |
| print_rate cps Ym print rate in characters per second | |
| wide_char_size widcs Yn character step size when in double wide mode | |
| These are the string capabilities: | |
| VVaarriiaabbllee CCaapp-- TTCCaapp DDeessccrriippttiioonn | |
| SSttrriinngg nnaammee CCooddee | |
| acs_chars acsc ac graphics charset pairs, based on vt100 | |
| back_tab cbt bt back tab (P) | |
| bell bel bl audible signal (bell) (P) | |
| carriage_return cr cr carriage return (P*) (P*) | |
| change_char_pitch cpi ZA Change number of characters per inch to #1 | |
| change_line_pitch lpi ZB Change number of lines per inch to #1 | |
| change_res_horz chr ZC Change horizontal resolution to #1 | |
| change_res_vert cvr ZD Change vertical resolution to #1 | |
| change_scroll_region csr cs change region to line #1 to line #2 (P) | |
| char_padding rmp rP like ip but when in insert mode | |
| clear_all_tabs tbc ct clear all tab stops (P) | |
| clear_margins mgc MC clear right and left soft margins | |
| clear_screen clear cl clear screen and home cursor (P*) | |
| clr_bol el1 cb Clear to beginning of line | |
| clr_eol el ce clear to end of line (P) | |
| clr_eos ed cd clear to end of screen (P*) | |
| column_address hpa ch horizontal position #1, absolute (P) | |
| command_character cmdch CC terminal settable cmd character in prototype !? | |
| create_window cwin CW define a window #1 from #2,#3 to #4,#5 | |
| cursor_address cup cm move to row #1 columns #2 | |
| cursor_down cud1 do down one line | |
| cursor_home home ho home cursor (if no cup) | |
| cursor_invisible civis vi make cursor invisible | |
| cursor_left cub1 le move left one space | |
| cursor_mem_address mrcup CM memory relative cursor addressing, move to row #1 columns #2 | |
| cursor_normal cnorm ve make cursor appear normal (undo civis/cvvis) | |
| cursor_right cuf1 nd non-destructive space (move right one space) | |
| cursor_to_ll ll ll last line, first column (if no cup) | |
| cursor_up cuu1 up up one line | |
| cursor_visible cvvis vs make cursor very visible | |
| define_char defc ZE Define a character #1, #2 dots wide, descender #3 | |
| delete_character dch1 dc delete character (P*) | |
| delete_line dl1 dl delete line (P*) | |
| dial_phone dial DI dial number #1 | |
| dis_status_line dsl ds disable status line | |
| display_clock dclk DK display clock | |
| down_half_line hd hd half a line down | |
| ena_acs enacs eA enable alternate char set | |
| enter_alt_charset_mode smacs as start alternate character set (P) | |
| enter_am_mode smam SA turn on automatic margins | |
| enter_blink_mode blink mb turn on blinking | |
| enter_bold_mode bold md turn on bold (extra bright) mode | |
| enter_ca_mode smcup ti string to start programs using cup | |
| enter_delete_mode smdc dm enter delete mode | |
| enter_dim_mode dim mh turn on half-bright mode | |
| enter_doublewide_mode swidm ZF Enter double-wide mode | |
| enter_draft_quality sdrfq ZG Enter draft-quality mode | |
| enter_insert_mode smir im enter insert mode | |
| enter_italics_mode sitm ZH Enter italic mode | |
| enter_leftward_mode slm ZI Start leftward carriage motion | |
| enter_micro_mode smicm ZJ Start micro-motion mode | |
| enter_near_letter_quality snlq ZK Enter NLQ mode | |
| enter_normal_quality snrmq ZL Enter normal-quality mode | |
| enter_protected_mode prot mp turn on protected mode | |
| enter_reverse_mode rev mr turn on reverse video mode | |
| enter_secure_mode invis mk turn on blank mode (characters invisible) | |
| enter_shadow_mode sshm ZM Enter shadow-print mode | |
| enter_standout_mode smso so begin standout mode | |
| enter_subscript_mode ssubm ZN Enter subscript mode | |
| enter_superscript_mode ssupm ZO Enter superscript mode | |
| enter_underline_mode smul us begin underline mode | |
| enter_upward_mode sum ZP Start upward carriage motion | |
| enter_xon_mode smxon SX turn on xon/xoff handshaking | |
| erase_chars ech ec erase #1 characters (P) | |
| exit_alt_charset_mode rmacs ae end alternate character set (P) | |
| exit_am_mode rmam RA turn off automatic margins | |
| exit_attribute_mode sgr0 me turn off all attributes | |
| exit_ca_mode rmcup te strings to end programs using cup | |
| exit_delete_mode rmdc ed end delete mode | |
| exit_doublewide_mode rwidm ZQ End double-wide mode | |
| exit_insert_mode rmir ei exit insert mode | |
| exit_italics_mode ritm ZR End italic mode | |
| exit_leftward_mode rlm ZS End left-motion mode | |
| exit_micro_mode rmicm ZT End micro-motion mode | |
| exit_shadow_mode rshm ZU End shadow-print mode | |
| exit_standout_mode rmso se exit standout mode | |
| exit_subscript_mode rsubm ZV End subscript mode | |
| exit_superscript_mode rsupm ZW End superscript mode | |
| exit_underline_mode rmul ue exit underline mode | |
| exit_upward_mode rum ZX End reverse character motion | |
| exit_xon_mode rmxon RX turn off xon/xoff handshaking | |
| fixed_pause pause PA pause for 2-3 seconds | |
| flash_hook hook fh flash switch hook | |
| flash_screen flash vb visible bell (may not move cursor) | |
| form_feed ff ff hardcopy terminal page eject (P*) | |
| from_status_line fsl fs return from status line | |
| goto_window wingo WG go to window #1 | |
| hangup hup HU hang-up phone | |
| init_1string is1 i1 initialization string | |
| init_2string is2 is initialization string | |
| init_3string is3 i3 initialization string | |
| init_file if if name of initialization file | |
| init_prog iprog iP path name of program for initialization | |
| initialize_color initc Ic initialize color #1 to (#2,#3,#4) | |
| initialize_pair initp Ip Initialize color pair #1 to fg=(#2,#3,#4), bg=(#5,#6,#7) | |
| insert_character ich1 ic insert character (P) | |
| insert_line il1 al insert line (P*) | |
| insert_padding ip ip insert padding after inserted character | |
| key_a1 ka1 K1 upper left of keypad | |
| key_a3 ka3 K3 upper right of keypad | |
| key_b2 kb2 K2 center of keypad | |
| key_backspace kbs kb backspace key | |
| key_beg kbeg @1 begin key | |
| key_btab kcbt kB back-tab key | |
| key_c1 kc1 K4 lower left of keypad | |
| key_c3 kc3 K5 lower right of keypad | |
| key_cancel kcan @2 cancel key | |
| key_catab ktbc ka clear-all-tabs key | |
| key_clear kclr kC clear-screen or erase key | |
| key_close kclo @3 close key | |
| key_command kcmd @4 command key | |
| key_copy kcpy @5 copy key | |
| key_create kcrt @6 create key | |
| key_ctab kctab kt clear-tab key | |
| key_dc kdch1 kD delete-character key | |
| key_dl kdl1 kL delete-line key | |
| key_down kcud1 kd down-arrow key | |
| key_eic krmir kM sent by rmir or smir in insert mode | |
| key_end kend @7 end key | |
| key_enter kent @8 enter/send key | |
| key_eol kel kE clear-to-end-of-line key | |
| key_eos ked kS clear-to-end-of-screen key | |
| key_exit kext @9 exit key | |
| key_f0 kf0 k0 F0 function key | |
| key_f1 kf1 k1 F1 function key | |
| key_f10 kf10 k; F10 function key | |
| key_f11 kf11 F1 F11 function key | |
| key_f12 kf12 F2 F12 function key | |
| key_f13 kf13 F3 F13 function key | |
| key_f14 kf14 F4 F14 function key | |
| key_f15 kf15 F5 F15 function key | |
| key_f16 kf16 F6 F16 function key | |
| key_f17 kf17 F7 F17 function key | |
| key_f18 kf18 F8 F18 function key | |
| key_f19 kf19 F9 F19 function key | |
| key_f2 kf2 k2 F2 function key | |
| key_f20 kf20 FA F20 function key | |
| key_f21 kf21 FB F21 function key | |
| key_f22 kf22 FC F22 function key | |
| key_f23 kf23 FD F23 function key | |
| key_f24 kf24 FE F24 function key | |
| key_f25 kf25 FF F25 function key | |
| key_f26 kf26 FG F26 function key | |
| key_f27 kf27 FH F27 function key | |
| key_f28 kf28 FI F28 function key | |
| key_f29 kf29 FJ F29 function key | |
| key_f3 kf3 k3 F3 function key | |
| key_f30 kf30 FK F30 function key | |
| key_f31 kf31 FL F31 function key | |
| key_f32 kf32 FM F32 function key | |
| key_f33 kf33 FN F33 function key | |
| key_f34 kf34 FO F34 function key | |
| key_f35 kf35 FP F35 function key | |
| key_f36 kf36 FQ F36 function key | |
| key_f37 kf37 FR F37 function key | |
| key_f38 kf38 FS F38 function key | |
| key_f39 kf39 FT F39 function key | |
| key_f4 kf4 k4 F4 function key | |
| key_f40 kf40 FU F40 function key | |
| key_f41 kf41 FV F41 function key | |
| key_f42 kf42 FW F42 function key | |
| key_f43 kf43 FX F43 function key | |
| key_f44 kf44 FY F44 function key | |
| key_f45 kf45 FZ F45 function key | |
| key_f46 kf46 Fa F46 function key | |
| key_f47 kf47 Fb F47 function key | |
| key_f48 kf48 Fc F48 function key | |
| key_f49 kf49 Fd F49 function key | |
| key_f5 kf5 k5 F5 function key | |
| key_f50 kf50 Fe F50 function key | |
| key_f51 kf51 Ff F51 function key | |
| key_f52 kf52 Fg F52 function key | |
| key_f53 kf53 Fh F53 function key | |
| key_f54 kf54 Fi F54 function key | |
| key_f55 kf55 Fj F55 function key | |
| key_f56 kf56 Fk F56 function key | |
| key_f57 kf57 Fl F57 function key | |
| key_f58 kf58 Fm F58 function key | |
| key_f59 kf59 Fn F59 function key | |
| key_f6 kf6 k6 F6 function key | |
| key_f60 kf60 Fo F60 function key | |
| key_f61 kf61 Fp F61 function key | |
| key_f62 kf62 Fq F62 function key | |
| key_f63 kf63 Fr F63 function key | |
| key_f7 kf7 k7 F7 function key | |
| key_f8 kf8 k8 F8 function key | |
| key_f9 kf9 k9 F9 function key | |
| key_find kfnd @0 find key | |
| key_help khlp %1 help key | |
| key_home khome kh home key | |
| key_ic kich1 kI insert-character key | |
| key_il kil1 kA insert-line key | |
| key_left kcub1 kl left-arrow key | |
| key_ll kll kH lower-left key (home down) | |
| key_mark kmrk %2 mark key | |
| key_message kmsg %3 message key | |
| key_move kmov %4 move key | |
| key_next knxt %5 next key | |
| key_npage knp kN next-page key | |
| key_open kopn %6 open key | |
| key_options kopt %7 options key | |
| key_ppage kpp kP previous-page key | |
| key_previous kprv %8 previous key | |
| key_print kprt %9 print key | |
| key_redo krdo %0 redo key | |
| key_reference kref &1 reference key | |
| key_refresh krfr &2 refresh key | |
| key_replace krpl &3 replace key | |
| key_restart krst &4 restart key | |
| key_resume kres &5 resume key | |
| key_right kcuf1 kr right-arrow key | |
| key_save ksav &6 save key | |
| key_sbeg kBEG &9 shifted begin key | |
| key_scancel kCAN &0 shifted cancel key | |
| key_scommand kCMD *1 shifted command key | |
| key_scopy kCPY *2 shifted copy key | |
| key_screate kCRT *3 shifted create key | |
| key_sdc kDC *4 shifted delete-character key | |
| key_sdl kDL *5 shifted delete-line key | |
| key_select kslt *6 select key | |
| key_send kEND *7 shifted end key | |
| key_seol kEOL *8 shifted clear-to-end-of-line key | |
| key_sexit kEXT *9 shifted exit key | |
| key_sf kind kF scroll-forward key | |
| key_sfind kFND *0 shifted find key | |
| key_shelp kHLP #1 shifted help key | |
| key_shome kHOM #2 shifted home key | |
| key_sic kIC #3 shifted insert-character key | |
| key_sleft kLFT #4 shifted left-arrow key | |
| key_smessage kMSG %a shifted message key | |
| key_smove kMOV %b shifted move key | |
| key_snext kNXT %c shifted next key | |
| key_soptions kOPT %d shifted options key | |
| key_sprevious kPRV %e shifted previous key | |
| key_sprint kPRT %f shifted print key | |
| key_sr kri kR scroll-backward key | |
| key_sredo kRDO %g shifted redo key | |
| key_sreplace kRPL %h shifted replace key | |
| key_sright kRIT %i shifted right-arrow key | |
| key_srsume kRES %j shifted resume key | |
| key_ssave kSAV !1 shifted save key | |
| key_ssuspend kSPD !2 shifted suspend key | |
| key_stab khts kT set-tab key | |
| key_sundo kUND !3 shifted undo key | |
| key_suspend kspd &7 suspend key | |
| key_undo kund &8 undo key | |
| key_up kcuu1 ku up-arrow key | |
| keypad_local rmkx ke leave 'keyboard_transmit' mode | |
| keypad_xmit smkx ks enter 'keyboard_transmit' mode | |
| lab_f0 lf0 l0 label on function key f0 if not f0 | |
| lab_f1 lf1 l1 label on function key f1 if not f1 | |
| lab_f10 lf10 la label on function key f10 if not f10 | |
| lab_f2 lf2 l2 label on function key f2 if not f2 | |
| lab_f3 lf3 l3 label on function key f3 if not f3 | |
| lab_f4 lf4 l4 label on function key f4 if not f4 | |
| lab_f5 lf5 l5 label on function key f5 if not f5 | |
| lab_f6 lf6 l6 label on function key f6 if not f6 | |
| lab_f7 lf7 l7 label on function key f7 if not f7 | |
| lab_f8 lf8 l8 label on function key f8 if not f8 | |
| lab_f9 lf9 l9 label on function key f9 if not f9 | |
| label_format fln Lf label format | |
| label_off rmln LF turn off soft labels | |
| label_on smln LO turn on soft labels | |
| meta_off rmm mo turn off meta mode | |
| meta_on smm mm turn on meta mode (8th-bit on) | |
| micro_column_address mhpa ZY Like column_address in micro mode | |
| micro_down mcud1 ZZ Like cursor_down in micro mode | |
| micro_left mcub1 Za Like cursor_left in micro mode | |
| micro_right mcuf1 Zb Like cursor_right in micro mode | |
| micro_row_address mvpa Zc Like row_address #1 in micro mode | |
| micro_up mcuu1 Zd Like cursor_up in micro mode | |
| newline nel nw newline (behave like cr followed by lf) | |
| order_of_pins porder Ze Match software bits to print-head pins | |
| orig_colors oc oc Set all color pairs to the original ones | |
| orig_pair op op Set default pair to its original value | |
| pad_char pad pc padding char (instead of null) | |
| parm_dch dch DC delete #1 characters (P*) | |
| parm_delete_line dl DL delete #1 lines (P*) | |
| parm_down_cursor cud DO down #1 lines (P*) | |
| parm_down_micro mcud Zf Like parm_down_cursor in micro mode | |
| parm_ich ich IC insert #1 characters (P*) | |
| parm_index indn SF scroll forward #1 lines (P) | |
| parm_insert_line il AL insert #1 lines (P*) | |
| parm_left_cursor cub LE move #1 characters to the left (P) | |
| parm_left_micro mcub Zg Like parm_left_cursor in micro mode | |
| parm_right_cursor cuf RI move #1 characters to the right (P*) | |
| parm_right_micro mcuf Zh Like parm_right_cursor in micro mode | |
| parm_rindex rin SR scroll back #1 lines (P) | |
| parm_up_cursor cuu UP up #1 lines (P*) | |
| parm_up_micro mcuu Zi Like parm_up_cursor in micro mode | |
| pkey_key pfkey pk program function key #1 to type string #2 | |
| pkey_local pfloc pl program function key #1 to execute string #2 | |
| pkey_xmit pfx px program function key #1 to transmit string #2 | |
| plab_norm pln pn program label #1 to show string #2 | |
| print_screen mc0 ps print contents of screen | |
| prtr_non mc5p pO turn on printer for #1 bytes | |
| prtr_off mc4 pf turn off printer | |
| prtr_on mc5 po turn on printer | |
| pulse pulse PU select pulse dialing | |
| quick_dial qdial QD dial number #1 without checking | |
| remove_clock rmclk RC remove clock | |
| repeat_char rep rp repeat char #1 #2 times (P*) | |
| req_for_input rfi RF send next input char (for ptys) | |
| reset_1string rs1 r1 reset string | |
| reset_2string rs2 r2 reset string | |
| reset_3string rs3 r3 reset string | |
| reset_file rf rf name of reset file | |
| restore_cursor rc rc restore cursor to position of last save_cursor | |
| row_address vpa cv vertical position #1 absolute (P) | |
| save_cursor sc sc save current cursor position (P) | |
| scroll_forward ind sf scroll text up (P) | |
| scroll_reverse ri sr scroll text down (P) | |
| select_char_set scs Zj Select character set, #1 | |
| set_attributes sgr sa define video attributes #1-#9 (PG9) | |
| set_background setb Sb Set background color #1 | |
| set_bottom_margin smgb Zk Set bottom margin at current line | |
| set_bottom_margin_parm smgbp Zl Set bottom margin at line #1 or (if smgtp is not given) #2 lines from bottom | |
| set_clock sclk SC set clock, #1 hrs #2 mins #3 secs | |
| set_color_pair scp sp Set current color pair to #1 | |
| set_foreground setf Sf Set foreground color #1 | |
| set_left_margin smgl ML set left soft margin at current column. See smgl. (ML is not in BSD termcap). | |
| set_left_margin_parm smglp Zm Set left (right) margin at column #1 | |
| set_right_margin smgr MR set right soft margin at current column | |
| set_right_margin_parm smgrp Zn Set right margin at column #1 | |
| set_tab hts st set a tab in every row, current columns | |
| set_top_margin smgt Zo Set top margin at current line | |
| set_top_margin_parm smgtp Zp Set top (bottom) margin at row #1 | |
| set_window wind wi current window is lines #1-#2 cols #3-#4 | |
| start_bit_image sbim Zq Start printing bit image graphics | |
| start_char_set_def scsd Zr Start character set definition #1, with #2 characters in the set | |
| stop_bit_image rbim Zs Stop printing bit image graphics | |
| stop_char_set_def rcsd Zt End definition of character set #1 | |
| subscript_characters subcs Zu List of subscriptable characters | |
| superscript_characters supcs Zv List of superscriptable characters | |
| tab ht ta tab to next 8-space hardware tab stop | |
| these_cause_cr docr Zw Printing any of these characters causes CR | |
| to_status_line tsl ts move to status line, column #1 | |
| tone tone TO select touch tone dialing | |
| underline_char uc uc underline char and move past it | |
| up_half_line hu hu half a line up | |
| user0 u0 u0 User string #0 | |
| user1 u1 u1 User string #1 | |
| user2 u2 u2 User string #2 | |
| user3 u3 u3 User string #3 | |
| user4 u4 u4 User string #4 | |
| user5 u5 u5 User string #5 | |
| user6 u6 u6 User string #6 | |
| user7 u7 u7 User string #7 | |
| user8 u8 u8 User string #8 | |
| user9 u9 u9 User string #9 | |
| wait_tone wait WA wait for dial-tone | |
| xoff_character xoffc XF XOFF character | |
| xon_character xonc XN XON character | |
| zero_motion zerom Zx No motion for subsequent character | |
| The following string capabilities are present in the SVr4.0 term | |
| structure, but were originally not documented in the man page. | |
| VVaarriiaabbllee CCaapp-- TTCCaapp DDeessccrriippttiioonn | |
| SSttrriinngg nnaammee CCooddee | |
| alt_scancode_esc scesa S8 Alternate escape for scancode emulation | |
| bit_image_carriage_return bicr Yv Move to beginning of same row | |
| bit_image_newline binel Zz Move to next row of the bit image | |
| bit_image_repeat birep Xy Repeat bit image cell #1 #2 times | |
| char_set_names csnm Zy Produce #1'th item from list of character set names | |
| code_set_init csin ci Init sequence for multiple codesets | |
| color_names colornm Yw Give name for color #1 | |
| define_bit_image_region defbi Yx Define rectangualar bit image region | |
| device_type devt dv Indicate language/codeset support | |
| display_pc_char dispc S1 Display PC character #1 | |
| end_bit_image_region endbi Yy End a bit-image region | |
| enter_pc_charset_mode smpch S2 Enter PC character display mode | |
| enter_scancode_mode smsc S4 Enter PC scancode mode | |
| exit_pc_charset_mode rmpch S3 Exit PC character display mode | |
| exit_scancode_mode rmsc S5 Exit PC scancode mode | |
| get_mouse getm Gm Curses should get button events, parameter #1 not documented. | |
| key_mouse kmous Km Mouse event has occurred | |
| mouse_info minfo Mi Mouse status information | |
| pc_term_options pctrm S6 PC terminal options | |
| pkey_plab pfxl xl Program function key #1 to type string #2 and show string #3 | |
| req_mouse_pos reqmp RQ Request mouse position | |
| scancode_escape scesc S7 Escape for scancode emulation | |
| set0_des_seq s0ds s0 Shift to codeset 0 (EUC set 0, ASCII) | |
| set1_des_seq s1ds s1 Shift to codeset 1 | |
| set2_des_seq s2ds s2 Shift to codeset 2 | |
| set3_des_seq s3ds s3 Shift to codeset 3 | |
| set_a_background setab AB Set background color to #1, using ANSI escape | |
| set_a_foreground setaf AF Set foreground color to #1, using ANSI escape | |
| set_color_band setcolor Yz Change to ribbon color #1 | |
| set_lr_margin smglr ML Set both left and right margins to #1, #2. (ML is not in BSD termcap). | |
| set_page_length slines YZ Set page length to #1 lines | |
| set_tb_margin smgtb MT Sets both top and bottom margins to #1, #2 | |
| The XSI Curses standard added these. They are some post-4.1 versions | |
| of System V curses, e.g., Solaris 2.5 and IRIX 6.x. The nnccuurrsseess | |
| termcap names for them are invented; according to the XSI Curses | |
| standard, they have no termcap names. If your compiled terminfo | |
| entries use these, they may not be binary-compatible with System V | |
| terminfo entries after SVr4.1; beware! | |
| VVaarriiaabbllee CCaapp-- TTCCaapp DDeessccrriippttiioonn | |
| SSttrriinngg nnaammee CCooddee | |
| enter_horizontal_hl_mode ehhlm Xh Enter horizontal highlight mode | |
| enter_left_hl_mode elhlm Xl Enter left highlight mode | |
| enter_low_hl_mode elohlm Xo Enter low highlight mode | |
| enter_right_hl_mode erhlm Xr Enter right highlight mode | |
| enter_top_hl_mode ethlm Xt Enter top highlight mode | |
| enter_vertical_hl_mode evhlm Xv Enter vertical highlight mode | |
| set_a_attributes sgr1 sA Define second set of video attributes #1-#6 | |
| set_pglen_inch slength sL YI Set page length to #1 hundredth of an inch | |
| AA SSaammppllee EEnnttrryy | |
| The following entry, describing an ANSI-standard terminal, is | |
| representative of what a tteerrmmiinnffoo entry for a modern terminal typically | |
| looks like. | |
| ansi|ansi/pc-term compatible with color, | |
| mc5i, | |
| colors#8, ncv#3, pairs#64, | |
| cub=\E[%p1%dD, cud=\E[%p1%dB, cuf=\E[%p1%dC, | |
| cuu=\E[%p1%dA, dch=\E[%p1%dP, dl=\E[%p1%dM, | |
| ech=\E[%p1%dX, el1=\E[1K, hpa=\E[%p1%dG, ht=\E[I, | |
| ich=\E[%p1%d@, il=\E[%p1%dL, indn=\E[%p1%dS, .indn=\E[%p1%dT, | |
| kbs=^H, kcbt=\E[Z, kcub1=\E[D, kcud1=\E[B, | |
| kcuf1=\E[C, kcuu1=\E[A, kf1=\E[M, kf10=\E[V, | |
| kf11=\E[W, kf12=\E[X, kf2=\E[N, kf3=\E[O, kf4=\E[P, | |
| kf5=\E[Q, kf6=\E[R, kf7=\E[S, kf8=\E[T, kf9=\E[U, | |
| kich1=\E[L, mc4=\E[4i, mc5=\E[5i, nel=\r\E[S, | |
| op=\E[37;40m, rep=%p1%c\E[%p2%{1}%-%db, | |
| rin=\E[%p1%dT, s0ds=\E(B, s1ds=\E)B, s2ds=\E*B, | |
| s3ds=\E+B, setab=\E[4%p1%dm, setaf=\E[3%p1%dm, | |
| setb=\E[4%?%p1%{1}%=%t4%e%p1%{3}%=%t6%e%p1%{4}%=%t1%e%p1%{6}%=%t3%e%p1%d%;m, | |
| setf=\E[3%?%p1%{1}%=%t4%e%p1%{3}%=%t6%e%p1%{4}%=%t1%e%p1%{6}%=%t3%e%p1%d%;m, | |
| sgr=\E[0;10%?%p1%t;7%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p3%t;7%;%?%p4%t;5%;%?%p6%t;1%;%?%p7%t;8%;%?%p8%t;11%;%?%p9%t;12%;m, | |
| sgr0=\E[0;10m, tbc=\E[2g, u6=\E[%d;%dR, u7=\E[6n, | |
| u8=\E[?%[;0123456789]c, u9=\E[c, vpa=\E[%p1%dd, | |
| Entries may continue onto multiple lines by placing white space at the | |
| beginning of each line except the first. Comments may be included on | |
| lines beginning with ``#''. Capabilities in _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o are of three | |
| types: Boolean capabilities which indicate that the terminal has some | |
| particular feature, numeric capabilities giving the size of the | |
| terminal or the size of particular delays, and string capabilities, | |
| which give a sequence which can be used to perform particular terminal | |
| operations. | |
| TTyyppeess ooff CCaappaabbiilliittiieess | |
| All capabilities have names. For instance, the fact that ANSI-standard | |
| terminals have _a_u_t_o_m_a_t_i_c _m_a_r_g_i_n_s (i.e., an automatic return and line- | |
| feed when the end of a line is reached) is indicated by the capability | |
| aamm. Hence the description of ansi includes aamm. Numeric capabilities | |
| are followed by the character `#' and then a positive value. Thus | |
| ccoollss, which indicates the number of columns the terminal has, gives the | |
| value `80' for ansi. Values for numeric capabilities may be specified | |
| in decimal, octal or hexadecimal, using the C programming language | |
| conventions (e.g., 255, 0377 and 0xff or 0xFF). | |
| Finally, string valued capabilities, such as eell (clear to end of line | |
| sequence) are given by the two-character code, an `=', and then a | |
| string ending at the next following `,'. | |
| A number of escape sequences are provided in the string valued | |
| capabilities for easy encoding of characters there. Both \\EE and \\ee map | |
| to an ESCAPE character, ^^xx maps to a control-x for any appropriate x, | |
| and the sequences \\nn \\ll \\rr \\tt \\bb \\ff \\ss give a newline, line-feed, | |
| return, tab, backspace, form-feed, and space. Other escapes include \\^^ | |
| for ^^, \\\\ for \\, \\, for comma, \\:: for ::, and \\00 for null. (\\00 will | |
| produce \200, which does not terminate a string but behaves as a null | |
| character on most terminals, providing CS7 is specified. See stty(1).) | |
| Finally, characters may be given as three octal digits after a \\. | |
| A delay in milliseconds may appear anywhere in a string capability, | |
| enclosed in $<..> brackets, as in eell=\EK$<5>, and padding characters | |
| are supplied by _t_p_u_t_s to provide this delay. The delay must be a | |
| number with at most one decimal place of precision; it may be followed | |
| by suffixes `*' or '/' or both. A `*' indicates that the padding | |
| required is proportional to the number of lines affected by the | |
| operation, and the amount given is the per-affected-unit padding | |
| required. (In the case of insert character, the factor is still the | |
| number of _l_i_n_e_s affected.) Normally, padding is advisory if the device | |
| has the xxoonn capability; it is used for cost computation but does not | |
| trigger delays. A `/' suffix indicates that the padding is mandatory | |
| and forces a delay of the given number of milliseconds even on devices | |
| for which xxoonn is present to indicate flow control. | |
| Sometimes individual capabilities must be commented out. To do this, | |
| put a period before the capability name. For example, see the second | |
| iinndd in the example above. | |
| FFeettcchhiinngg CCoommppiilleedd DDeessccrriippttiioonnss | |
| If the environment variable TERMINFO is set, it is interpreted as the | |
| pathname of a directory containing the compiled description you are | |
| working on. Only that directory is searched. | |
| If TERMINFO is not set, the nnccuurrsseess version of the terminfo reader code | |
| will instead look in the directory $$HHOOMMEE//..tteerrmmiinnffoo for a compiled | |
| description. If it fails to find one there, and the environment | |
| variable TERMINFO_DIRS is set, it will interpret the contents of that | |
| variable as a list of colon- separated directories to be searched (an | |
| empty entry is interpreted as a command to search | |
| _/_u_s_r_/_s_h_a_r_e_/_m_i_s_c_/_t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o). If no description is found in any of the | |
| TERMINFO_DIRS directories, the fetch fails. | |
| If neither TERMINFO nor TERMINFO_DIRS is set, the last place tried will | |
| be the system terminfo directory, _/_u_s_r_/_s_h_a_r_e_/_m_i_s_c_/_t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o. | |
| (Neither the $$HHOOMMEE//..tteerrmmiinnffoo lookups nor TERMINFO_DIRS extensions are | |
| supported under stock System V terminfo/curses.) | |
| PPrreeppaarriinngg DDeessccrriippttiioonnss | |
| We now outline how to prepare descriptions of terminals. The most | |
| effective way to prepare a terminal description is by imitating the | |
| description of a similar terminal in _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o and to build up a | |
| description gradually, using partial descriptions with _v_i or some other | |
| screen-oriented program to check that they are correct. Be aware that | |
| a very unusual terminal may expose deficiencies in the ability of the | |
| _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o file to describe it or bugs in the screen-handling code of the | |
| test program. | |
| To get the padding for insert line right (if the terminal manufacturer | |
| did not document it) a severe test is to edit a large file at 9600 | |
| baud, delete 16 or so lines from the middle of the screen, then hit the | |
| `u' key several times quickly. If the terminal messes up, more padding | |
| is usually needed. A similar test can be used for insert character. | |
| BBaassiicc CCaappaabbiilliittiieess | |
| The number of columns on each line for the terminal is given by the | |
| ccoollss numeric capability. If the terminal is a CRT, then the number of | |
| lines on the screen is given by the lliinneess capability. If the terminal | |
| wraps around to the beginning of the next line when it reaches the | |
| right margin, then it should have the aamm capability. If the terminal | |
| can clear its screen, leaving the cursor in the home position, then | |
| this is given by the cclleeaarr string capability. If the terminal | |
| overstrikes (rather than clearing a position when a character is struck | |
| over) then it should have the ooss capability. If the terminal is a | |
| printing terminal, with no soft copy unit, give it both hhcc and ooss. (ooss | |
| applies to storage scope terminals, such as TEKTRONIX 4010 series, as | |
| well as hard copy and APL terminals.) If there is a code to move the | |
| cursor to the left edge of the current row, give this as ccrr. (Normally | |
| this will be carriage return, control M.) If there is a code to | |
| produce an audible signal (bell, beep, etc) give this as bbeell. | |
| If there is a code to move the cursor one position to the left (such as | |
| backspace) that capability should be given as ccuubb11. Similarly, codes to | |
| move to the right, up, and down should be given as ccuuff11, ccuuuu11, and | |
| ccuudd11. These local cursor motions should not alter the text they pass | |
| over, for example, you would not normally use `ccuuff11= ' because the | |
| space would erase the character moved over. | |
| A very important point here is that the local cursor motions encoded in | |
| _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o are undefined at the left and top edges of a CRT terminal. | |
| Programs should never attempt to backspace around the left edge, unless | |
| bbww is given, and never attempt to go up locally off the top. In order | |
| to scroll text up, a program will go to the bottom left corner of the | |
| screen and send the iinndd (index) string. | |
| To scroll text down, a program goes to the top left corner of the | |
| screen and sends the rrii (reverse index) string. The strings iinndd and rrii | |
| are undefined when not on their respective corners of the screen. | |
| Parameterized versions of the scrolling sequences are iinnddnn and rriinn | |
| which have the same semantics as iinndd and rrii except that they take one | |
| parameter, and scroll that many lines. They are also undefined except | |
| at the appropriate edge of the screen. | |
| The aamm capability tells whether the cursor sticks at the right edge of | |
| the screen when text is output, but this does not necessarily apply to | |
| a ccuuff11 from the last column. The only local motion which is defined | |
| from the left edge is if bbww is given, then a ccuubb11 from the left edge | |
| will move to the right edge of the previous row. If bbww is not given, | |
| the effect is undefined. This is useful for drawing a box around the | |
| edge of the screen, for example. If the terminal has switch selectable | |
| automatic margins, the _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o file usually assumes that this is on; | |
| i.e., aamm. If the terminal has a command which moves to the first | |
| column of the next line, that command can be given as nneell (newline). | |
| It does not matter if the command clears the remainder of the current | |
| line, so if the terminal has no ccrr and llff it may still be possible to | |
| craft a working nneell out of one or both of them. | |
| These capabilities suffice to describe hard-copy and ``glass-tty'' | |
| terminals. Thus the model 33 teletype is described as | |
| 33|tty33|tty|model 33 teletype, | |
| bel=^G, cols#72, cr=^M, cud1=^J, hc, ind=^J, os, | |
| while the Lear Siegler ADM-3 is described as | |
| adm3|3|lsi adm3, | |
| am, bel=^G, clear=^Z, cols#80, cr=^M, cub1=^H, cud1=^J, | |
| ind=^J, lines#24, | |
| PPaarraammeetteerriizzeedd SSttrriinnggss | |
| Cursor addressing and other strings requiring parameters in the | |
| terminal are described by a parameterized string capability, with | |
| _p_r_i_n_t_f(3) like escapes %%xx in it. For example, to address the cursor, | |
| the ccuupp capability is given, using two parameters: the row and column | |
| to address to. (Rows and columns are numbered from zero and refer to | |
| the physical screen visible to the user, not to any unseen memory.) If | |
| the terminal has memory relative cursor addressing, that can be | |
| indicated by mmrrccuupp. | |
| The parameter mechanism uses a stack and special %% codes to manipulate | |
| it. Typically a sequence will push one of the parameters onto the | |
| stack and then print it in some format. Print (e.g., "%d") is a | |
| special case. Other operations, including "%t" pop their operand from | |
| the stack. It is noted that more complex operations are often | |
| necessary, e.g., in the ssggrr string. | |
| The %% encodings have the following meanings: | |
| %% outputs `%' | |
| %_[_[:_]_f_l_a_g_s_]_[_w_i_d_t_h_[_._p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n_]_]_[doxXs_] | |
| as in pprriinnttff, flags are [-+#] and space. Use a `:' to allow the | |
| next character to be a `-' flag, avoiding interpreting "%-" as an | |
| operator. | |
| %c print pop() like %c in pprriinnttff | |
| %s print pop() like %s in pprriinnttff | |
| %p[1-9] | |
| push _i'th parameter | |
| %P[a-z] | |
| set dynamic variable [a-z] to pop() | |
| %g[a-z] | |
| get dynamic variable [a-z] and push it | |
| %P[A-Z] | |
| set static variable [a-z] to pop() | |
| %g[A-Z] | |
| get static variable [a-z] and push it | |
| The terms "static" and "dynamic" are misleading. Historically, | |
| these are simply two different sets of variables, whose values are | |
| not reset between calls to ttppaarrmm. However, that fact is not | |
| documented in other implementations. Relying on it will adversely | |
| impact portability to other implementations. | |
| %'_c' char constant _c | |
| %{_n_n} | |
| integer constant _n_n | |
| %l push strlen(pop) | |
| %+ %- %* %/ %m | |
| arithmetic (%m is mod): push(pop() op pop()) | |
| %& %| %^ | |
| bit operations (AND, OR and exclusive-OR): push(pop() op pop()) | |
| %= %> %< | |
| logical operations: push(pop() op pop()) | |
| %A, %O | |
| logical AND and OR operations (for conditionals) | |
| %! %~ | |
| unary operations (logical and bit complement): push(op pop()) | |
| %i add 1 to first two parameters (for ANSI terminals) | |
| %? _e_x_p_r %t _t_h_e_n_p_a_r_t %e _e_l_s_e_p_a_r_t %; | |
| This forms an if-then-else. The %e _e_l_s_e_p_a_r_t is optional. Usually | |
| the %? _e_x_p_r part pushes a value onto the stack, and %t pops it | |
| from the stack, testing if it is nonzero (true). If it is zero | |
| (false), control passes to the %e (else) part. | |
| It is possible to form else-if's a la Algol 68: | |
| %? cd1u %t bd1u %e cd2u %t bd2u %e cd3u %t bd3u %e cd4u %t bd4u | |
| %e %; | |
| where cdiu are conditions, bdiu are bodies. | |
| Use the --ff option of ttiicc or iinnffooccmmpp to see the structure of if- | |
| the-else's. Some strings, e.g., ssggrr can be very complicated when | |
| written on one line. The --ff option splits the string into lines | |
| with the parts indented. | |
| Binary operations are in postfix form with the operands in the usual | |
| order. That is, to get x-5 one would use "%gx%{5}%-". %P and %g | |
| variables are persistent across escape-string evaluations. | |
| Consider the HP2645, which, to get to row 3 and column 12, needs to be | |
| sent \E&a12c03Y padded for 6 milliseconds. Note that the order of the | |
| rows and columns is inverted here, and that the row and column are | |
| printed as two digits. Thus its ccuupp capability is | |
| ``cup=6\E&%p2%2dc%p1%2dY''. | |
| The Microterm ACT-IV needs the current row and column sent preceded by | |
| a ^^TT, with the row and column simply encoded in binary, | |
| ``cup=^T%p1%c%p2%c''. Terminals which use ``%c'' need to be able to | |
| backspace the cursor (ccuubb11), and to move the cursor up one line on the | |
| screen (ccuuuu11). This is necessary because it is not always safe to | |
| transmit \\nn ^^DD and \\rr, as the system may change or discard them. (The | |
| library routines dealing with terminfo set tty modes so that tabs are | |
| never expanded, so \t is safe to send. This turns out to be essential | |
| for the Ann Arbor 4080.) | |
| A final example is the LSI ADM-3a, which uses row and column offset by | |
| a blank character, thus ``cup=\E=%p1%' '%+%c%p2%' '%+%c''. After | |
| sending `\E=', this pushes the first parameter, pushes the ASCII value | |
| for a space (32), adds them (pushing the sum on the stack in place of | |
| the two previous values) and outputs that value as a character. Then | |
| the same is done for the second parameter. More complex arithmetic is | |
| possible using the stack. | |
| CCuurrssoorr MMoottiioonnss | |
| If the terminal has a fast way to home the cursor (to very upper left | |
| corner of screen) then this can be given as hhoommee; similarly a fast way | |
| of getting to the lower left-hand corner can be given as llll; this may | |
| involve going up with ccuuuu11 from the home position, but a program should | |
| never do this itself (unless llll does) because it can make no assumption | |
| about the effect of moving up from the home position. Note that the | |
| home position is the same as addressing to (0,0): to the top left | |
| corner of the screen, not of memory. (Thus, the \EH sequence on HP | |
| terminals cannot be used for hhoommee.) | |
| If the terminal has row or column absolute cursor addressing, these can | |
| be given as single parameter capabilities hhppaa (horizontal position | |
| absolute) and vvppaa (vertical position absolute). Sometimes these are | |
| shorter than the more general two parameter sequence (as with the | |
| hp2645) and can be used in preference to ccuupp. If there are | |
| parameterized local motions (e.g., move _n spaces to the right) these | |
| can be given as ccuudd, ccuubb, ccuuff, and ccuuuu with a single parameter | |
| indicating how many spaces to move. These are primarily useful if the | |
| terminal does not have ccuupp, such as the TEKTRONIX 4025. | |
| If the terminal needs to be in a special mode when running a program | |
| that uses these capabilities, the codes to enter and exit this mode can | |
| be given as ssmmccuupp and rrmmccuupp. This arises, for example, from terminals | |
| like the Concept with more than one page of memory. If the terminal | |
| has only memory relative cursor addressing and not screen relative | |
| cursor addressing, a one screen-sized window must be fixed into the | |
| terminal for cursor addressing to work properly. This is also used for | |
| the TEKTRONIX 4025, where ssmmccuupp sets the command character to be the | |
| one used by terminfo. If the ssmmccuupp sequence will not restore the | |
| screen after an rrmmccuupp sequence is output (to the state prior to | |
| outputting rrmmccuupp), specify nnrrrrmmcc. | |
| AArreeaa CClleeaarrss | |
| If the terminal can clear from the current position to the end of the | |
| line, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be given as eell. If | |
| the terminal can clear from the beginning of the line to the current | |
| position inclusive, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be | |
| given as eell11. If the terminal can clear from the current position to | |
| the end of the display, then this should be given as eedd. EEdd is only | |
| defined from the first column of a line. (Thus, it can be simulated by | |
| a request to delete a large number of lines, if a true eedd is not | |
| available.) | |
| IInnsseerrtt//ddeelleettee lliinnee aanndd vveerrttiiccaall mmoottiioonnss | |
| If the terminal can open a new blank line before the line where the | |
| cursor is, this should be given as iill11; this is done only from the | |
| first position of a line. The cursor must then appear on the newly | |
| blank line. If the terminal can delete the line which the cursor is | |
| on, then this should be given as ddll11; this is done only from the first | |
| position on the line to be deleted. Versions of iill11 and ddll11 which take | |
| a single parameter and insert or delete that many lines can be given as | |
| iill and ddll. | |
| If the terminal has a settable scrolling region (like the vt100) the | |
| command to set this can be described with the ccssrr capability, which | |
| takes two parameters: the top and bottom lines of the scrolling region. | |
| The cursor position is, alas, undefined after using this command. | |
| It is possible to get the effect of insert or delete line using ccssrr on | |
| a properly chosen region; the sscc and rrcc (save and restore cursor) | |
| commands may be useful for ensuring that your synthesized insert/delete | |
| string does not move the cursor. (Note that the nnccuurrsseess(3) library | |
| does this synthesis automatically, so you need not compose | |
| insert/delete strings for an entry with ccssrr). | |
| Yet another way to construct insert and delete might be to use a | |
| combination of index with the memory-lock feature found on some | |
| terminals (like the HP-700/90 series, which however also has | |
| insert/delete). | |
| Inserting lines at the top or bottom of the screen can also be done | |
| using rrii or iinndd on many terminals without a true insert/delete line, | |
| and is often faster even on terminals with those features. | |
| The boolean nnoonn__ddeesstt__ssccrroollll__rreeggiioonn should be set if each scrolling | |
| window is effectively a view port on a screen-sized canvas. To test | |
| for this capability, create a scrolling region in the middle of the | |
| screen, write something to the bottom line, move the cursor to the top | |
| of the region, and do rrii followed by ddll11 or iinndd. If the data scrolled | |
| off the bottom of the region by the rrii re-appears, then scrolling is | |
| non-destructive. System V and XSI Curses expect that iinndd, rrii, iinnddnn, | |
| and rriinn will simulate destructive scrolling; their documentation | |
| cautions you not to define ccssrr unless this is true. This ccuurrsseess | |
| implementation is more liberal and will do explicit erases after | |
| scrolling if nnddssttrr is defined. | |
| If the terminal has the ability to define a window as part of memory, | |
| which all commands affect, it should be given as the parameterized | |
| string wwiinndd. The four parameters are the starting and ending lines in | |
| memory and the starting and ending columns in memory, in that order. | |
| If the terminal can retain display memory above, then the ddaa capability | |
| should be given; if display memory can be retained below, then ddbb | |
| should be given. These indicate that deleting a line or scrolling may | |
| bring non-blank lines up from below or that scrolling back with rrii may | |
| bring down non-blank lines. | |
| IInnsseerrtt//DDeelleettee CChhaarraacctteerr | |
| There are two basic kinds of intelligent terminals with respect to | |
| insert/delete character which can be described using _t_e_r_m_i_n_f_o_. The most | |
| common insert/delete character operations affect only the characters on | |
| the current line and shift characters off the end of the line rigidly. | |
| Other terminals, such as the Concept 100 and the Perkin Elmer Owl, make | |
| a distinction between typed and untyped blanks on the screen, shifting | |
| upon an insert or delete only to an untyped blank on the screen which | |
| is either eliminated, or expanded to two untyped blanks. You can | |
| determine the kind of terminal you have by clearing the screen and then | |
| typing text separated by cursor motions. Type ``abc def'' using | |
| local cursor motions (not spaces) between the ``abc'' and the ``def''. | |
| Then position the cursor before the ``abc'' and put the terminal in | |
| insert mode. If typing characters causes the rest of the line to shift | |
| rigidly and characters to fall off the end, then your terminal does not | |
| distinguish between blanks and untyped positions. If the ``abc'' | |
| shifts over to the ``def'' which then move together around the end of | |
| the current line and onto the next as you insert, you have the second | |
| type of terminal, and should give the capability iinn, which stands for | |
| ``insert null''. While these are two logically separate attributes | |
| (one line versus multi-line insert mode, and special treatment of | |
| untyped spaces) we have seen no terminals whose insert mode cannot be | |
| described with the single attribute. | |
| Terminfo can describe both terminals which have an insert mode, and | |
| terminals which send a simple sequence to open a blank position on the | |
| current line. Give as ssmmiirr the sequence to get into insert mode. Give | |
| as rrmmiirr the sequence to leave insert mode. Now give as iicchh11 any | |
| sequence needed to be sent just before sending the character to be | |
| inserted. Most terminals with a true insert mode will not give iicchh11; | |
| terminals which send a sequence to open a screen position should give | |
| it here. | |
| If your terminal has both, insert mode is usually preferable to iicchh11. | |
| Technically, you should not give both unless the terminal actually | |
| requires both to be used in combination. Accordingly, some non-curses | |
| applications get confused if both are present; the symptom is doubled | |
| characters in an update using insert. This requirement is now rare; | |
| most iicchh sequences do not require previous smir, and most smir insert | |
| modes do not require iicchh11 before each character. Therefore, the new | |
| ccuurrsseess actually assumes this is the case and uses either rrmmiirr/ssmmiirr or | |
| iicchh/iicchh11 as appropriate (but not both). If you have to write an entry | |
| to be used under new curses for a terminal old enough to need both, | |
| include the rrmmiirr/ssmmiirr sequences in iicchh11. | |
| If post insert padding is needed, give this as a number of milliseconds | |
| in iipp (a string option). Any other sequence which may need to be sent | |
| after an insert of a single character may also be given in iipp. If your | |
| terminal needs both to be placed into an `insert mode' and a special | |
| code to precede each inserted character, then both ssmmiirr/rrmmiirr and iicchh11 | |
| can be given, and both will be used. The iicchh capability, with one | |
| parameter, _n, will repeat the effects of iicchh11 _n times. | |
| If padding is necessary between characters typed while not in insert | |
| mode, give this as a number of milliseconds padding in rrmmpp. | |
| It is occasionally necessary to move around while in insert mode to | |
| delete characters on the same line (e.g., if there is a tab after the | |
| insertion position). If your terminal allows motion while in insert | |
| mode you can give the capability mmiirr to speed up inserting in this | |
| case. Omitting mmiirr will affect only speed. Some terminals (notably | |
| Datamedia's) must not have mmiirr because of the way their insert mode | |
| works. | |
| Finally, you can specify ddcchh11 to delete a single character, ddcchh with | |
| one parameter, _n, to delete _n _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s_, and delete mode by giving | |
| ssmmddcc and rrmmddcc to enter and exit delete mode (any mode the terminal | |
| needs to be placed in for ddcchh11 to work). | |
| A command to erase _n characters (equivalent to outputting _n blanks | |
| without moving the cursor) can be given as eecchh with one parameter. | |
| HHiigghhlliigghhttiinngg,, UUnnddeerrlliinniinngg,, aanndd VViissiibbllee BBeellllss | |
| If your terminal has one or more kinds of display attributes, these can | |
| be represented in a number of different ways. You should choose one | |
| display form as _s_t_a_n_d_o_u_t _m_o_d_e, representing a good, high contrast, | |
| easy-on-the-eyes, format for highlighting error messages and other | |
| attention getters. (If you have a choice, reverse video plus half- | |
| bright is good, or reverse video alone.) The sequences to enter and | |
| exit standout mode are given as ssmmssoo and rrmmssoo, respectively. If the | |
| code to change into or out of standout mode leaves one or even two | |
| blank spaces on the screen, as the TVI 912 and Teleray 1061 do, then | |
| xxmmcc should be given to tell how many spaces are left. | |
| Codes to begin underlining and end underlining can be given as ssmmuull and | |
| rrmmuull respectively. If the terminal has a code to underline the current | |
| character and move the cursor one space to the right, such as the | |
| Microterm Mime, this can be given as uucc. | |
| Other capabilities to enter various highlighting modes include bblliinnkk | |
| (blinking) bboolldd (bold or extra bright) ddiimm (dim or half-bright) iinnvviiss | |
| (blanking or invisible text) pprroott (protected) rreevv (reverse video) ssggrr00 | |
| (turn off _a_l_l attribute modes) ssmmaaccss (enter alternate character set | |
| mode) and rrmmaaccss (exit alternate character set mode). Turning on any of | |
| these modes singly may or may not turn off other modes. | |
| If there is a sequence to set arbitrary combinations of modes, this | |
| should be given as ssggrr (set attributes), taking 9 parameters. Each | |
| parameter is either 0 or nonzero, as the corresponding attribute is on | |
| or off. The 9 parameters are, in order: standout, underline, reverse, | |
| blink, dim, bold, blank, protect, alternate character set. Not all | |
| modes need be supported by ssggrr, only those for which corresponding | |
| separate attribute commands exist. | |
| For example, the DEC vt220 supports most of the modes: | |
| ttppaarrmm ppaarraammeetteerr aattttrriibbuuttee eessccaappee sseeqquueennccee | |
| none none \E[0m | |
| p1 standout \E[0;1;7m | |
| p2 underline \E[0;4m | |
| p3 reverse \E[0;7m | |
| p4 blink \E[0;5m | |
| p5 dim not available | |
| p6 bold \E[0;1m | |
| p7 invis \E[0;8m | |
| p8 protect not used | |
| p9 altcharset ^O (off) ^N (on) | |
| We begin each escape sequence by turning off any existing modes, since | |
| there is no quick way to determine whether they are active. Standout | |
| is set up to be the combination of reverse and bold. The vt220 | |
| terminal has a protect mode, though it is not commonly used in sgr | |
| because it protects characters on the screen from the host's erasures. | |
| The altcharset mode also is different in that it is either ^O or ^N, | |
| depending on whether it is off or on. If all modes are turned on, the | |
| resulting sequence is \E[0;1;4;5;7;8m^N. | |
| Some sequences are common to different modes. For example, ;7 is | |
| output when either p1 or p3 is true, that is, if either standout or | |
| reverse modes are turned on. | |
| Writing out the above sequences, along with their dependencies yields | |
| sseeqquueennccee wwhheenn ttoo oouuttppuutt tteerrmmiinnffoo ttrraannssllaattiioonn | |
| \E[0 always \E[0 | |
| ;1 if p1 or p6 %?%p1%p6%|%t;1%; | |
| ;4 if p2 %?%p2%|%t;4%; | |
| ;5 if p4 %?%p4%|%t;5%; | |
| ;7 if p1 or p3 %?%p1%p3%|%t;7%; | |
| ;8 if p7 %?%p7%|%t;8%; | |
| m always m | |
| ^N or ^O if p9 ^N, else ^O %?%p9%t^N%e^O%; | |
| Putting this all together into the sgr sequence gives: | |
| sgr=\E[0%?%p1%p6%|%t;1%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p1%p3%|%t;7%; | |
| %?%p4%t;5%;%?%p7%t;8%;m%?%p9%t\016%e\017%;, | |
| Remember that if you specify sgr, you must also specify sgr0. Also, | |
| some implementations rely on sgr being given if sgr0 is, Not all | |
| terminfo entries necessarily have an sgr string, however. Many | |
| terminfo entries are derived from termcap entries which have no sgr | |
| string. The only drawback to adding an sgr string is that termcap also | |
| assumes that sgr0 does not exit alternate character set mode. | |
| Terminals with the ``magic cookie'' glitch (xxmmcc) deposit special | |
| ``cookies'' when they receive mode-setting sequences, which affect the | |
| display algorithm rather than having extra bits for each character. | |
| Some terminals, such as the HP 2621, automatically leave standout mode | |
| when they move to a new line or the cursor is addressed. Programs | |
| using standout mode should exit standout mode before moving the cursor | |
| or sending a newline, unless the mmssggrr capability, asserting that it is | |
| safe to move in standout mode, is present. | |
| If the terminal has a way of flashing the screen to indicate an error | |
| quietly (a bell replacement) then this can be given as ffllaasshh; it must | |
| not move the cursor. | |
| If the cursor needs to be made more visible than normal when it is not | |
| on the bottom line (to make, for example, a non-blinking underline into | |
| an easier to find block or blinking underline) give this sequence as | |
| ccvvvviiss. If there is a way to make the cursor completely invisible, give | |
| that as cciivviiss. The capability ccnnoorrmm should be given which undoes the | |
| effects of both of these modes. | |
| If your terminal correctly generates underlined characters (with no | |
| special codes needed) even though it does not overstrike, then you | |
| should give the capability uull. If a character overstriking another | |
| leaves both characters on the screen, specify the capability ooss. If | |
| overstrikes are erasable with a blank, then this should be indicated by | |
| giving eeoo. | |
| KKeeyyppaadd aanndd FFuunnccttiioonn KKeeyyss | |
| If the terminal has a keypad that transmits codes when the keys are | |
| pressed, this information can be given. Note that it is not possible | |
| to handle terminals where the keypad only works in local (this applies, | |
| for example, to the unshifted HP 2621 keys). If the keypad can be set | |
| to transmit or not transmit, give these codes as ssmmkkxx and rrmmkkxx. | |
| Otherwise the keypad is assumed to always transmit. The codes sent by | |
| the left arrow, right arrow, up arrow, down arrow, and home keys can be | |
| given as kkccuubb11,, kkccuuff11,, kkccuuuu11,, kkccuudd11,, and kkhhoommee respectively. If there | |
| are function keys such as f0, f1, ..., f10, the codes they send can be | |
| given as kkff00,, kkff11,, ......,, kkff1100. If these keys have labels other than the | |
| default f0 through f10, the labels can be given as llff00,, llff11,, ......,, llff1100. | |
| The codes transmitted by certain other special keys can be given: kkllll | |
| (home down), kkbbss (backspace), kkttbbcc (clear all tabs), kkccttaabb (clear the | |
| tab stop in this column), kkccllrr (clear screen or erase key), kkddcchh11 | |
| (delete character), kkddll11 (delete line), kkrrmmiirr (exit insert mode), kkeell | |
| (clear to end of line), kkeedd (clear to end of screen), kkiicchh11 (insert | |
| character or enter insert mode), kkiill11 (insert line), kknnpp (next page), | |
| kkpppp (previous page), kkiinndd (scroll forward/down), kkrrii (scroll | |
| backward/up), kkhhttss (set a tab stop in this column). In addition, if | |
| the keypad has a 3 by 3 array of keys including the four arrow keys, | |
| the other five keys can be given as kkaa11, kkaa33, kkbb22, kkcc11, and kkcc33. These | |
| keys are useful when the effects of a 3 by 3 directional pad are | |
| needed. | |
| Strings to program function keys can be given as ppffkkeeyy, ppfflloocc, and ppffxx. | |
| A string to program screen labels should be specified as ppllnn. Each of | |
| these strings takes two parameters: the function key number to program | |
| (from 0 to 10) and the string to program it with. Function key numbers | |
| out of this range may program undefined keys in a terminal dependent | |
| manner. The difference between the capabilities is that ppffkkeeyy causes | |
| pressing the given key to be the same as the user typing the given | |
| string; ppfflloocc causes the string to be executed by the terminal in | |
| local; and ppffxx causes the string to be transmitted to the computer. | |
| The capabilities nnllaabb, llww and llhh define the number of programmable | |
| screen labels and their width and height. If there are commands to | |
| turn the labels on and off, give them in ssmmllnn and rrmmllnn. ssmmllnn is | |
| normally output after one or more pln sequences to make sure that the | |
| change becomes visible. | |
| TTaabbss aanndd IInniittiiaalliizzaattiioonn | |
| If the terminal has hardware tabs, the command to advance to the next | |
| tab stop can be given as hhtt (usually control I). A ``back-tab'' | |
| command which moves leftward to the preceding tab stop can be given as | |
| ccbbtt. By convention, if the teletype modes indicate that tabs are being | |
| expanded by the computer rather than being sent to the terminal, | |
| programs should not use hhtt or ccbbtt even if they are present, since the | |
| user may not have the tab stops properly set. If the terminal has | |
| hardware tabs which are initially set every _n spaces when the terminal | |
| is powered up, the numeric parameter iitt is given, showing the number of | |
| spaces the tabs are set to. This is normally used by the _t_s_e_t command | |
| to determine whether to set the mode for hardware tab expansion, and | |
| whether to set the tab stops. If the terminal has tab stops that can | |
| be saved in non-volatile memory, the terminfo description can assume | |
| that they are properly set. | |
| Other capabilities include iiss11, iiss22, and iiss33, initialization strings | |
| for the terminal, iipprroogg, the path name of a program to be run to | |
| initialize the terminal, and iiff, the name of a file containing long | |
| initialization strings. These strings are expected to set the terminal | |
| into modes consistent with the rest of the terminfo description. They | |
| are normally sent to the terminal, by the _i_n_i_t option of the _t_p_u_t | |
| program, each time the user logs in. They will be printed in the | |
| following order: | |
| run the program | |
| iipprroogg | |
| output iiss11 iiss22 | |
| set the margins using | |
| mmggcc, ssmmggll and ssmmggrr | |
| set tabs using | |
| ttbbcc and hhttss | |
| print the file | |
| iiff | |
| and finally | |
| output iiss33. | |
| Most initialization is done with iiss22. Special terminal modes can be set | |
| up without duplicating strings by putting the common sequences in iiss22 | |
| and special cases in iiss11 and iiss33. | |
| A set of sequences that does a harder reset from a totally unknown | |
| state can be given as rrss11, rrss22, rrff and rrss33, analogous to iiss11 ,, iiss22 ,, iiff | |
| and iiss33 respectively. These strings are output by the _r_e_s_e_t program, | |
| which is used when the terminal gets into a wedged state. Commands are | |
| normally placed in rrss11, rrss22 rrss33 and rrff only if they produce annoying | |
| effects on the screen and are not necessary when logging in. For | |
| example, the command to set the vt100 into 80-column mode would | |
| normally be part of iiss22, but it causes an annoying glitch of the screen | |
| and is not normally needed since the terminal is usually already in 80 | |
| column mode. | |
| The _r_e_s_e_t program writes strings including iipprroogg, etc., in the same | |
| order as the _i_n_i_t program, using rrss11, etc., instead of iiss11, etc. If | |
| any of rrss11, rrss22, rrss33, or rrff reset capability strings are missing, the | |
| _r_e_s_e_t program falls back upon the corresponding initialization | |
| capability string. | |
| If there are commands to set and clear tab stops, they can be given as | |
| ttbbcc (clear all tab stops) and hhttss (set a tab stop in the current column | |
| of every row). If a more complex sequence is needed to set the tabs | |
| than can be described by this, the sequence can be placed in iiss22 or iiff. | |
| DDeellaayyss aanndd PPaaddddiinngg | |
| Many older and slower terminals do not support either XON/XOFF or DTR | |
| handshaking, including hard copy terminals and some very archaic CRTs | |
| (including, for example, DEC VT100s). These may require padding | |
| characters after certain cursor motions and screen changes. | |
| If the terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking for flow control (that is, it | |
| automatically emits ^S back to the host when its input buffers are | |
| close to full), set xxoonn. This capability suppresses the emission of | |
| padding. You can also set it for memory-mapped console devices | |
| effectively that do not have a speed limit. Padding information should | |
| still be included so that routines can make better decisions about | |
| relative costs, but actual pad characters will not be transmitted. | |
| If ppbb (padding baud rate) is given, padding is suppressed at baud rates | |
| below the value of ppbb. If the entry has no padding baud rate, then | |
| whether padding is emitted or not is completely controlled by xxoonn. | |
| If the terminal requires other than a null (zero) character as a pad, | |
| then this can be given as ppaadd. Only the first character of the ppaadd | |
| string is used. | |
| SSttaattuuss LLiinneess | |
| Some terminals have an extra `status line' which is not normally used | |
| by software (and thus not counted in the terminal's lliinneess capability). | |
| The simplest case is a status line which is cursor-addressable but not | |
| part of the main scrolling region on the screen; the Heathkit H19 has a | |
| status line of this kind, as would a 24-line VT100 with a 23-line | |
| scrolling region set up on initialization. This situation is indicated | |
| by the hhss capability. | |
| Some terminals with status lines need special sequences to access the | |
| status line. These may be expressed as a string with single parameter | |
| ttssll which takes the cursor to a given zero-origin column on the status | |
| line. The capability ffssll must return to the main-screen cursor | |
| positions before the last ttssll. You may need to embed the string values | |
| of sscc (save cursor) and rrcc (restore cursor) in ttssll and ffssll to | |
| accomplish this. | |
| The status line is normally assumed to be the same width as the width | |
| of the terminal. If this is untrue, you can specify it with the | |
| numeric capability wwssll. | |
| A command to erase or blank the status line may be specified as ddssll. | |
| The boolean capability eessllookk specifies that escape sequences, tabs, | |
| etc., work ordinarily in the status line. | |
| The nnccuurrsseess implementation does not yet use any of these capabilities. | |
| They are documented here in case they ever become important. | |
| LLiinnee GGrraapphhiiccss | |
| Many terminals have alternate character sets useful for forms-drawing. | |
| Terminfo and ccuurrsseess build in support for the drawing characters | |
| supported by the VT100, with some characters from the AT&T 4410v1 | |
| added. This alternate character set may be specified by the aaccsscc | |
| capability. | |
| GGllyypphh AACCSS AAsscciiii VVTT110000 | |
| NNaammee NNaammee DDeeffaauulltt NNaammee | |
| UK pound sign ACS_STERLING f } | |
| arrow pointing down ACS_DARROW v . | |
| arrow pointing left ACS_LARROW < , | |
| arrow pointing right ACS_RARROW > + | |
| arrow pointing up ACS_UARROW ^ - | |
| board of squares ACS_BOARD # h | |
| bullet ACS_BULLET o ~ | |
| checker board (stipple) ACS_CKBOARD : a | |
| degree symbol ACS_DEGREE \ f | |
| diamond ACS_DIAMOND + ` | |
| greater-than-or-equal-to ACS_GEQUAL > z | |
| greek pi ACS_PI * { | |
| horizontal line ACS_HLINE - q | |
| lantern symbol ACS_LANTERN # i | |
| large plus or crossover ACS_PLUS + n | |
| less-than-or-equal-to ACS_LEQUAL < y | |
| lower left corner ACS_LLCORNER + m | |
| lower right corner ACS_LRCORNER + j | |
| not-equal ACS_NEQUAL ! | | |
| plus/minus ACS_PLMINUS # g | |
| scan line 1 ACS_S1 ~ o | |
| scan line 3 ACS_S3 - p | |
| scan line 7 ACS_S7 - r | |
| scan line 9 ACS_S9 _ s | |
| solid square block ACS_BLOCK # 0 | |
| tee pointing down ACS_TTEE + w | |
| tee pointing left ACS_RTEE + u | |
| tee pointing right ACS_LTEE + t | |
| tee pointing up ACS_BTEE + v | |
| upper left corner ACS_ULCORNER + l | |
| upper right corner ACS_URCORNER + k | |
| vertical line ACS_VLINE | x | |
| The best way to define a new device's graphics set is to add a column | |
| to a copy of this table for your terminal, giving the character which | |
| (when emitted between ssmmaaccss/rrmmaaccss switches) will be rendered as the | |
| corresponding graphic. Then read off the VT100/your terminal character | |
| pairs right to left in sequence; these become the ACSC string. | |
| CCoolloorr HHaannddlliinngg | |
| Most color terminals are either `Tektronix-like' or `HP-like'. | |
| Tektronix-like terminals have a predefined set of N colors (where N | |
| usually 8), and can set character-cell foreground and background | |
| characters independently, mixing them into N * N color-pairs. On HP- | |
| like terminals, the use must set each color pair up separately | |
| (foreground and background are not independently settable). Up to M | |
| color-pairs may be set up from 2*M different colors. ANSI-compatible | |
| terminals are Tektronix-like. | |
| Some basic color capabilities are independent of the color method. The | |
| numeric capabilities ccoolloorrss and ppaaiirrss specify the maximum numbers of | |
| colors and color-pairs that can be displayed simultaneously. The oopp | |
| (original pair) string resets foreground and background colors to their | |
| default values for the terminal. The oocc string resets all colors or | |
| color-pairs to their default values for the terminal. Some terminals | |
| (including many PC terminal emulators) erase screen areas with the | |
| current background color rather than the power-up default background; | |
| these should have the boolean capability bbccee. | |
| To change the current foreground or background color on a Tektronix- | |
| type terminal, use sseettaaff (set ANSI foreground) and sseettaabb (set ANSI | |
| background) or sseettff (set foreground) and sseettbb (set background). These | |
| take one parameter, the color number. The SVr4 documentation describes | |
| only sseettaaff/sseettaabb; the XPG4 draft says that "If the terminal supports | |
| ANSI escape sequences to set background and foreground, they should be | |
| coded as sseettaaff and sseettaabb, respectively. If the terminal supports other | |
| escape sequences to set background and foreground, they should be coded | |
| as sseettff and sseettbb, respectively. The _v_i_d_p_u_t_s_(_) function and the refresh | |
| functions use sseettaaff and sseettaabb if they are defined." | |
| The sseettaaff/sseettaabb and sseettff/sseettbb capabilities take a single numeric | |
| argument each. Argument values 0-7 of sseettaaff/sseettaabb are portably defined | |
| as follows (the middle column is the symbolic #define available in the | |
| header for the ccuurrsseess or nnccuurrsseess libraries). The terminal hardware is | |
| free to map these as it likes, but the RGB values indicate normal | |
| locations in color space. | |
| CCoolloorr ##ddeeffiinnee VVaalluuee RRGGBB | |
| black CCOOLLOORR__BBLLAACCKK 0 0, 0, 0 | |
| red CCOOLLOORR__RREEDD 1 max,0,0 | |
| green CCOOLLOORR__GGRREEEENN 2 0,max,0 | |
| yellow CCOOLLOORR__YYEELLLLOOWW 3 max,max,0 | |
| blue CCOOLLOORR__BBLLUUEE 4 0,0,max | |
| magenta CCOOLLOORR__MMAAGGEENNTTAA 5 max,0,max | |
| cyan CCOOLLOORR__CCYYAANN 6 0,max,max | |
| white CCOOLLOORR__WWHHIITTEE 7 max,max,max | |
| The argument values of sseettff/sseettbb historically correspond to a different | |
| mapping, i.e., | |
| CCoolloorr ##ddeeffiinnee VVaalluuee RRGGBB | |
| black CCOOLLOORR__BBLLAACCKK 0 0, 0, 0 | |
| blue CCOOLLOORR__BBLLUUEE 1 0,0,max | |
| green CCOOLLOORR__GGRREEEENN 2 0,max,0 | |
| cyan CCOOLLOORR__CCYYAANN 3 0,max,max | |
| red CCOOLLOORR__RREEDD 4 max,0,0 | |
| magenta CCOOLLOORR__MMAAGGEENNTTAA 5 max,0,max | |
| yellow CCOOLLOORR__YYEELLLLOOWW 6 max,max,0 | |
| white CCOOLLOORR__WWHHIITTEE 7 max,max,max | |
| It is important to not confuse the two sets of color capabilities; | |
| otherwise red/blue will be interchanged on the display. | |
| On an HP-like terminal, use ssccpp with a color-pair number parameter to | |
| set which color pair is current. | |
| On a Tektronix-like terminal, the capability cccccc may be present to | |
| indicate that colors can be modified. If so, the iinniittcc capability will | |
| take a color number (0 to ccoolloorrss - 1)and three more parameters which | |
| describe the color. These three parameters default to being | |
| interpreted as RGB (Red, Green, Blue) values. If the boolean | |
| capability hhllss is present, they are instead as HLS (Hue, Lightness, | |
| Saturation) indices. The ranges are terminal-dependent. | |
| On an HP-like terminal, iinniittpp may give a capability for changing a | |
| color-pair value. It will take seven parameters; a color-pair number | |
| (0 to mmaaxx__ppaaiirrss - 1), and two triples describing first background and | |
| then foreground colors. These parameters must be (Red, Green, Blue) or | |
| (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) depending on hhllss. | |
| On some color terminals, colors collide with highlights. You can | |
| register these collisions with the nnccvv capability. This is a bit-mask | |
| of attributes not to be used when colors are enabled. The | |
| correspondence with the attributes understood by ccuurrsseess is as follows: | |
| AAttttrriibbuuttee BBiitt DDeecciimmaall | |
| A_STANDOUT 0 1 | |
| A_UNDERLINE 1 2 | |
| A_REVERSE 2 4 | |
| A_BLINK 3 8 | |
| A_DIM 4 16 | |
| A_BOLD 5 32 | |
| A_INVIS 6 64 | |
| A_PROTECT 7 128 | |
| A_ALTCHARSET 8 256 | |
| For example, on many IBM PC consoles, the underline attribute collides | |
| with the foreground color blue and is not available in color mode. | |
| These should have an nnccvv capability of 2. | |
| SVr4 curses does nothing with nnccvv, ncurses recognizes it and optimizes | |
| the output in favor of colors. | |
| MMiisscceellllaanneeoouuss | |
| If the terminal requires other than a null (zero) character as a pad, | |
| then this can be given as pad. Only the first character of the pad | |
| string is used. If the terminal does not have a pad character, specify | |
| npc. Note that ncurses implements the termcap-compatible PPCC variable; | |
| though the application may set this value to something other than a | |
| null, ncurses will test nnppcc first and use napms if the terminal has no | |
| pad character. | |
| If the terminal can move up or down half a line, this can be indicated | |
| with hhuu (half-line up) and hhdd (half-line down). This is primarily | |
| useful for superscripts and subscripts on hard-copy terminals. If a | |
| hard-copy terminal can eject to the next page (form feed), give this as | |
| ffff (usually control L). | |
| If there is a command to repeat a given character a given number of | |
| times (to save time transmitting a large number of identical | |
| characters) this can be indicated with the parameterized string rreepp. | |
| The first parameter is the character to be repeated and the second is | |
| the number of times to repeat it. Thus, tparm(repeat_char, 'x', 10) is | |
| the same as `xxxxxxxxxx'. | |
| If the terminal has a settable command character, such as the TEKTRONIX | |
| 4025, this can be indicated with ccmmddcchh. A prototype command character | |
| is chosen which is used in all capabilities. This character is given | |
| in the ccmmddcchh capability to identify it. The following convention is | |
| supported on some UNIX systems: The environment is to be searched for a | |
| CCCC variable, and if found, all occurrences of the prototype character | |
| are replaced with the character in the environment variable. | |
| Terminal descriptions that do not represent a specific kind of known | |
| terminal, such as _s_w_i_t_c_h, _d_i_a_l_u_p, _p_a_t_c_h, and _n_e_t_w_o_r_k, should include | |
| the ggnn (generic) capability so that programs can complain that they do | |
| not know how to talk to the terminal. (This capability does not apply | |
| to _v_i_r_t_u_a_l terminal descriptions for which the escape sequences are | |
| known.) | |
| If the terminal has a ``meta key'' which acts as a shift key, setting | |
| the 8th bit of any character transmitted, this fact can be indicated | |
| with kkmm. Otherwise, software will assume that the 8th bit is parity and | |
| it will usually be cleared. If strings exist to turn this ``meta | |
| mode'' on and off, they can be given as ssmmmm and rrmmmm. | |
| If the terminal has more lines of memory than will fit on the screen at | |
| once, the number of lines of memory can be indicated with llmm. A value | |
| of llmm#0 indicates that the number of lines is not fixed, but that there | |
| is still more memory than fits on the screen. | |
| If the terminal is one of those supported by the UNIX virtual terminal | |
| protocol, the terminal number can be given as vvtt. | |
| Media copy strings which control an auxiliary printer connected to the | |
| terminal can be given as mmcc00: print the contents of the screen, mmcc44: | |
| turn off the printer, and mmcc55: turn on the printer. When the printer | |
| is on, all text sent to the terminal will be sent to the printer. It | |
| is undefined whether the text is also displayed on the terminal screen | |
| when the printer is on. A variation mmcc55pp takes one parameter, and | |
| leaves the printer on for as many characters as the value of the | |
| parameter, then turns the printer off. The parameter should not exceed | |
| 255. All text, including mmcc44, is transparently passed to the printer | |
| while an mmcc55pp is in effect. | |
| GGlliittcchheess aanndd BBrraaiinnddaammaaggee | |
| Hazeltine terminals, which do not allow `~' characters to be displayed | |
| should indicate hhzz. | |
| Terminals which ignore a line-feed immediately after an aamm wrap, such | |
| as the Concept and vt100, should indicate xxeennll. | |
| If eell is required to get rid of standout (instead of merely writing | |
| normal text on top of it), xxhhpp should be given. | |
| Teleray terminals, where tabs turn all characters moved over to blanks, | |
| should indicate xxtt (destructive tabs). Note: the variable indicating | |
| this is now `dest_tabs_magic_smso'; in older versions, it was | |
| teleray_glitch. This glitch is also taken to mean that it is not | |
| possible to position the cursor on top of a ``magic cookie'', that to | |
| erase standout mode it is instead necessary to use delete and insert | |
| line. The ncurses implementation ignores this glitch. | |
| The Beehive Superbee, which is unable to correctly transmit the escape | |
| or control C characters, has xxssbb, indicating that the f1 key is used | |
| for escape and f2 for control C. (Only certain Superbees have this | |
| problem, depending on the ROM.) Note that in older terminfo versions, | |
| this capability was called `beehive_glitch'; it is now `no_esc_ctl_c'. | |
| Other specific terminal problems may be corrected by adding more | |
| capabilities of the form xx_x. | |
| SSiimmiillaarr TTeerrmmiinnaallss | |
| If there are two very similar terminals, one (the variant) can be | |
| defined as being just like the other (the base) with certain | |
| exceptions. In the definition of the variant, the string capability | |
| uussee can be given with the name of the base terminal. The capabilities | |
| given before uussee override those in the base type named by uussee. If there | |
| are multiple uussee capabilities, they are merged in reverse order. That | |
| is, the rightmost uussee reference is processed first, then the one to its | |
| left, and so forth. Capabilities given explicitly in the entry | |
| override those brought in by uussee references. | |
| A capability can be canceled by placing xxxx@@ to the left of the use | |
| reference that imports it, where _x_x is the capability. For example, | |
| the entry | |
| 2621-nl, smkx@, rmkx@, use=2621, | |
| defines a 2621-nl that does not have the ssmmkkxx or rrmmkkxx capabilities, and | |
| hence does not turn on the function key labels when in visual mode. | |
| This is useful for different modes for a terminal, or for different | |
| user preferences. | |
| PPiittffaallllss ooff LLoonngg EEnnttrriieess | |
| Long terminfo entries are unlikely to be a problem; to date, no entry | |
| has even approached terminfo's 4096-byte string-table maximum. | |
| Unfortunately, the termcap translations are much more strictly limited | |
| (to 1023 bytes), thus termcap translations of long terminfo entries can | |
| cause problems. | |
| The man pages for 4.3BSD and older versions of ttggeetteenntt(()) instruct the | |
| user to allocate a 1024-byte buffer for the termcap entry. The entry | |
| gets null-terminated by the termcap library, so that makes the maximum | |
| safe length for a termcap entry 1k-1 (1023) bytes. Depending on what | |
| the application and the termcap library being used does, and where in | |
| the termcap file the terminal type that ttggeetteenntt(()) is searching for is, | |
| several bad things can happen. | |
| Some termcap libraries print a warning message or exit if they find an | |
| entry that's longer than 1023 bytes; others do not; others truncate the | |
| entries to 1023 bytes. Some application programs allocate more than | |
| the recommended 1K for the termcap entry; others do not. | |
| Each termcap entry has two important sizes associated with it: before | |
| "tc" expansion, and after "tc" expansion. "tc" is the capability that | |
| tacks on another termcap entry to the end of the current one, to add on | |
| its capabilities. If a termcap entry does not use the "tc" capability, | |
| then of course the two lengths are the same. | |
| The "before tc expansion" length is the most important one, because it | |
| affects more than just users of that particular terminal. This is the | |
| length of the entry as it exists in /etc/termcap, minus the backslash- | |
| newline pairs, which ttggeetteenntt(()) strips out while reading it. Some | |
| termcap libraries strip off the final newline, too (GNU termcap does | |
| not). Now suppose: | |
| * a termcap entry before expansion is more than 1023 bytes long, | |
| * and the application has only allocated a 1k buffer, | |
| * and the termcap library (like the one in BSD/OS 1.1 and GNU) reads | |
| the whole entry into the buffer, no matter what its length, to see | |
| if it is the entry it wants, | |
| * and ttggeetteenntt(()) is searching for a terminal type that either is the | |
| long entry, appears in the termcap file after the long entry, or | |
| does not appear in the file at all (so that ttggeetteenntt(()) has to | |
| search the whole termcap file). | |
| Then ttggeetteenntt(()) will overwrite memory, perhaps its stack, and probably | |
| core dump the program. Programs like telnet are particularly | |
| vulnerable; modern telnets pass along values like the terminal type | |
| automatically. The results are almost as undesirable with a termcap | |
| library, like SunOS 4.1.3 and Ultrix 4.4, that prints warning messages | |
| when it reads an overly long termcap entry. If a termcap library | |
| truncates long entries, like OSF/1 3.0, it is immune to dying here but | |
| will return incorrect data for the terminal. | |
| The "after tc expansion" length will have a similar effect to the | |
| above, but only for people who actually set TERM to that terminal type, | |
| since ttggeetteenntt(()) only does "tc" expansion once it is found the terminal | |
| type it was looking for, not while searching. | |
| In summary, a termcap entry that is longer than 1023 bytes can cause, | |
| on various combinations of termcap libraries and applications, a core | |
| dump, warnings, or incorrect operation. If it is too long even before | |
| "tc" expansion, it will have this effect even for users of some other | |
| terminal types and users whose TERM variable does not have a termcap | |
| entry. | |
| When in -C (translate to termcap) mode, the nnccuurrsseess implementation of | |
| ttiicc(1) issues warning messages when the pre-tc length of a termcap | |
| translation is too long. The -c (check) option also checks resolved | |
| (after tc expansion) lengths. | |
| BBiinnaarryy CCoommppaattiibbiilliittyy | |
| It is not wise to count on portability of binary terminfo entries | |
| between commercial UNIX versions. The problem is that there are at | |
| least two versions of terminfo (under HP-UX and AIX) which diverged | |
| from System V terminfo after SVr1, and have added extension | |
| capabilities to the string table that (in the binary format) collide | |
| with System V and XSI Curses extensions. | |
| EEXXTTEENNSSIIOONNSS | |
| Some SVr4 ccuurrsseess implementations, and all previous to SVr4, do not | |
| interpret the %A and %O operators in parameter strings. | |
| SVr4/XPG4 do not specify whether mmssggrr licenses movement while in an | |
| alternate-character-set mode (such modes may, among other things, map | |
| CR and NL to characters that do not trigger local motions). The | |
| nnccuurrsseess implementation ignores mmssggrr in AALLTTCCHHAARRSSEETT mode. This raises | |
| the possibility that an XPG4 implementation making the opposite | |
| interpretation may need terminfo entries made for nnccuurrsseess to have mmssggrr | |
| turned off. | |
| The nnccuurrsseess library handles insert-character and insert-character modes | |
| in a slightly non-standard way to get better update efficiency. See | |
| the IInnsseerrtt//DDeelleettee CChhaarraacctteerr subsection above. | |
| The parameter substitutions for sseett__cclloocckk and ddiissppllaayy__cclloocckk are not | |
| documented in SVr4 or the XSI Curses standard. They are deduced from | |
| the documentation for the AT&T 505 terminal. | |
| Be careful assigning the kkmmoouuss capability. The nnccuurrsseess wants to | |
| interpret it as KKEEYY__MMOOUUSSEE, for use by terminals and emulators like | |
| xterm that can return mouse-tracking information in the keyboard-input | |
| stream. | |
| Different commercial ports of terminfo and curses support different | |
| subsets of the XSI Curses standard and (in some cases) different | |
| extension sets. Here is a summary, accurate as of October 1995: | |
| SSVVRR44,, SSoollaarriiss,, nnccuurrsseess -- These support all SVr4 capabilities. | |
| SSGGII -- Supports the SVr4 set, adds one undocumented extended string | |
| capability (sseett__ppgglleenn). | |
| SSVVrr11,, UUllttrriixx -- These support a restricted subset of terminfo | |
| capabilities. The booleans end with xxoonn__xxooffff; the numerics with | |
| wwiiddtthh__ssttaattuuss__lliinnee; and the strings with pprrttrr__nnoonn. | |
| HHPP//UUXX -- Supports the SVr1 subset, plus the SVr[234] numerics | |
| nnuumm__llaabbeellss, llaabbeell__hheeiigghhtt, llaabbeell__wwiiddtthh, plus function keys 11 through | |
| 63, plus ppllaabb__nnoorrmm, llaabbeell__oonn, and llaabbeell__ooffff, plus some incompatible | |
| extensions in the string table. | |
| AAIIXX -- Supports the SVr1 subset, plus function keys 11 through 63, plus | |
| a number of incompatible string table extensions. | |
| OOSSFF -- Supports both the SVr4 set and the AIX extensions. | |
| FFIILLEESS | |
| /usr/share/misc/terminfo/?/* | |
| files containing terminal descriptions | |
| SSEEEE AALLSSOO | |
| ttiicc(1), iinnffooccmmpp(1), ccuurrsseess(3), pprriinnttff(3), tteerrmm(5). | |
| AAUUTTHHOORRSS | |
| Zeyd M. Ben-Halim, Eric S. Raymond, Thomas E. Dickey. Based on pcurses | |
| by Pavel Curtis. | |
| terminfo(5) |
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