Bash script to synchronize website directory and database between server and localhost or server and server.

server-to-localhost.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Created on 10/8/13 by Ryan Sechrest
# site (localhost edition)
# Program to mirror a directory and database of a website between two servers.



### Program meta data

# Program name
NAME='site'

# Program version
VERSION='1.0.0'

# Today's date
DATE=$(date +'%x %r %Z')

# Program header title
TITLE="Site v$VERSION on $HOSTNAME"

# Program header information
STATUS="$DATE by $USER"

# Program usage help
USAGE="Usage: $NAME [sync|update] [sitename]"



### Production database server

# Hostname or IP address
MYSQL_PRD_HOSTNAME='hostname'

# Username
MYSQL_PRD_USERNAME='username'



### Localhost database server

# Username
MYSQL_LOCAL_USERNAME='hostname'

# Password
MYSQL_LOCAL_PASSWORD='username'



### Production web server

# Hostname or IP address
SSH_PRD_HOSTNAME='hostname'

# Username
SSH_PRD_USERNAME='username'



### Local server paths

# Absolute path to local sites directory
# Ex: /Users/$USER/Sites
LOCAL_SITES_PATH="/Users/$USER/Sites"

# Absolute path to production sites directory
# Ex: /var/www/domains
PRD_SITES_PATH='/var/www/domains'

# Absolute path to local temporary sites directory
# Ex: /Volumes/Shared
TEMP_SITES_PATH='/Volumes/Shared'



### Executable shortcuts

# Path to various executables
# Ex: /Applications/MAMP/Library/bin
BIN_PATH='/Applications/MAMP/Library/bin'

# Path to 'mysql' executable
# Ex: $BIN_PATH/mysql
MYSQL="$BIN_PATH/mysql"

# Path to 'mysqldump' executable
# Ex: $BIN_PATH/mysqldump
MYSQLDUMP="$BIN_PATH/mysqldump"



### Save program arguments

arg1=$1
arg2=$2



### Display functions

# Display divider
function display_divider {
	echo '------------------------------------------------------------'
}

# Display new line
function display_newline {
	echo
}

# Display output start
function display_output_start {
	echo '> Starting...'
}

# Display output end
function display_output_end {
	echo '> Done.'
}

# Display program header
function display_header {
	display_newline
	display_divider
	echo " $TITLE"
	echo " $STATUS"
	echo " $ $NAME $arg1 $arg2"
	display_divider
	display_newline
}

# Display usage help
function display_usage {
	echo $USAGE
	display_newline
}



### MySQL functions

# Update imported database to match local environment
# $1 	mysql hostname
# $2 	mysql username
# $3 	mysql password
# $4	mydql database
# $5 	domain name
function wp_mu_db_update {
	user=$1
	pass=$2
	db=$3

	query="$MYSQL --user=$user --password=$pass $db -e"
	
	echo "> Setting 'domain' field in 'wp_blogs' table to 'localhost'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_blogs SET domain = 'localhost' WHERE blog_id = 1 AND site_id = 1";
	
	echo "> Setting 'site_url' field in 'wp_options' table to 'http://localhost/wordpress'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'http://localhost/wordpress' WHERE option_name = 'siteurl'";
	
	echo "> Setting 'home' field in 'wp_options' to 'http://localhost'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'http://localhost/' WHERE option_name = 'home'";
	
	echo "> Setting 'domain' field in 'wp_site' to 'localhost'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_site SET domain = 'localhost' WHERE id = 1";
	
	echo "> Setting 'site_url' field in 'wp_sitemeta' table to 'http://localhost/'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_sitemeta SET meta_value = 'http://localhost/' WHERE meta_key = 'siteurl' AND site_id = 1";
}



### Main Functions

# rsync
# -a, --archive			archive mode; same as -rlptgoD
# 	-r, --recursive		recurse into directories
# 	-l, --links			copy symlinks as symlinks
# 	-p, --perms			preserve permissions
# 	-t, --times			preserve times
# 	-g, --group			preserve group
# 	-o, --owner			preserve owner (super-user only)
# 	-D					same as --devices --specials
#		--devices		preserve device files (super-user only)
#		--specials		preserve special files
# -v, --verbose			increase verbosity
# --exclude=PATTERN		exclude files matching PATTERN
# --delete 				delete files that don’t exist on sender
# --delete-excluded		also delete excluded files on receiver

# Copy files from production web server to temporary directory
# $1 	path to files on production server
# $2 	path to files on local server
# $3	rsync exclude option(s)
function download_files {
	src=$1
	dst=$2
	ex=$3

	if [ ! -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Creating temporary directory..."
		echo "  $dst"
		mkdir -p "$dst"
	fi

	if [ -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Synchronizing production files with temporary directory..."
		echo "  Source      : $src"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
		rsync --archive --verbose $ex --delete --delete-excluded "$src" "$dst"
	else
		echo "> Temporary directory does not exist"
		echo "  $dst"
	fi
}

# Export database from production database server to temporary directory
# $1 	database hostname
# $2 	database username
# $3	database name
# $4 	path to save mysql export
# $5 	mysqldump ignore-table option(s)
function export_database {
	host=$1
	user=$2
	db=$3
	dst=$4
	ignore=$5

	if [ ! -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Creating temporary directory..."
		echo "  $dst"
		mkdir -p "$dst"
	fi

	if [ -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Exporting production database to temporary directory..."
		echo "  Database    : $db"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
		echo "  Filename    : $db.sql"
		$MYSQLDUMP --verbose --host=$host --user=$user --password $db $ignore > "$dst/$db.sql"
	else
		echo "> Temporary directory does not exist"
		echo "  $dst"
	fi
}

# Copy files from temporary directory to local site
# $1 	path to temporary files on local server
# $2	path to real files on local server
function upload_files {
	src=$1
	dst=$2

	if [[ (-d "$src") && (-d "$dst") ]]; then
		echo "> Synchronizing temporary files with local site directory..."
		echo "  Source      : $src"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
		rsync --archive --delete --delete-excluded "$src" "$dst"
	else
		echo "> Temporary or local site directory does not exist"
		echo "  Source      : $src"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
	fi
}

# Import production database from temporary directory to local database
# $1 	database hostname
# $2 	database username
# $3	database password
# $4 	database name
# $5 	path to mysql export
function import_database {
	user=$1
	pass=$2
	db=$3
	src=$4

	if [ -f "$src/$db.sql" ]; then
		echo "> Importing temporary database export into local database..."
		echo "  Filename : $db.sql"
		echo "  Source   : $src"
		echo "  Database : $db"
		$MYSQL --user=$user --password=$pass $db < "$src/$db.sql"
	else
		echo "> Temporary database export does not exist"
		echo "  Filename : $db.sql"
		echo "  Source   : $src"
	fi
}



### Run Functions

# Run sync component
function run_sync {
	case $arg2 in

		sitename)
			display_output_start

			copy_from="$SSH_PRD_USERNAME@$SSH_PRD_HOSTNAME:$PRD_SITES_PATH/domain.com/www/htdocs/wp-content/uploads/"
			copy_to="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2/uploads/"
			exclude='--exclude=temp --exclude=wpcf7_uploads'
			download_files "$copy_from" "$copy_to" "$exclude"

			display_newline

			mysql_hostname=$MYSQL_PRD_HOSTNAME
			mysql_username=$MYSQL_PRD_USERNAME
			mysql_database='domain_com'
			export_to="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2"
			ignore="--ignore-table=$mysql_database.wp_w3tc_cdn_queue"
			export_database $mysql_hostname $mysql_username $mysql_database "$export_to" "$ignore"

			display_output_end
			;;

		*)
			display_usage
			;;

	esac
}

# Run update component
function run_update {
	case $arg2 in

		sitename)
			display_output_start

			copy_from="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2/uploads/"
			copy_to="$LOCAL_SITES_PATH/domain.com/www/htdocs/wp-content/uploads/"
			upload_files "$copy_from" "$copy_to"

			mysql_username=$MYSQL_LOCAL_USERNAME
			mysql_password=$MYSQL_LOCAL_PASSWORD
			mysql_database='domain_com'
			import_from="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2"
			import_database $mysql_username $mysql_password $mysql_database "$import_from"
			wp_mu_db_update $mysql_username $mysql_password $mysql_database

			display_output_end
			;;

		*)
			display_usage
			;;

	esac
}

# Run main component
function run {
	case $arg1 in

		sync)
			run_sync
			display_newline
			;;

		update)
			run_update
			display_newline
			;;

		*)
			display_usage
			;;

	esac
}



### Run Program

display_header
run
exit 0

server-to-server.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Created on 10/2/13 by Ryan Sechrest
# site (server edition)
# Program to mirror a directory and database of a website between two servers.



### Program meta data

# Program name
NAME='site'

# Program version
VERSION='1.0.0'

# Today's date
DATE=$(date +'%x %r %Z')

# Program header title
TITLE="Site v$VERSION on $HOSTNAME"

# Program header information
STATUS="$DATE by $USER"

# Program usage help
USAGE="Usage: $NAME [sync|update] [sitename]"



### Server environment

ENV=''
case $HOSTNAME in
	DEV01.DOMAIN.COM)
		ENV='DEV'
		;;
	STG01.DOMAIN.COM)
		ENV='STG'
		;;
esac



### Production database server

# Hostname or IP address
MYSQL_PRD_HOSTNAME='hostname'

# Username
MYSQL_PRD_USERNAME='username'



### Production web server

# Hostname or IP address
SSH_PRD_HOSTNAME='hostname'

# Username
SSH_PRD_USERNAME='username'



### Local server paths

# Absolute path to local sites directory
# Ex: /var/www/domains
LOCAL_SITES_PATH='/var/www/domains'

# Absolute path to production sites directory
# Ex: /var/www/domains
PRD_SITES_PATH='/var/www/domains'

# Absolute path to local temporary sites directory
# Ex: /opt/sites
TEMP_SITES_PATH='/opt/sites'



### Save program arguments

arg1=$1
arg2=$2



### Display functions

# Display divider
function display_divider {
	echo '------------------------------------------------------------'
}

# Display new line
function display_newline {
	echo
}

# Display output start
function display_output_start {
	echo '> Starting...'
}

# Display output end
function display_output_end {
	echo '> Done.'
}

# Display program header
function display_header {
	display_newline
	display_divider
	echo " $TITLE"
	echo " $STATUS"
	echo " $ $NAME $arg1 $arg2"
	display_divider
	display_newline
}

# Display usage help
function display_usage {
	echo $USAGE
	display_newline
}



### MySQL functions

# Update imported database to match local environment
# $1 	mysql hostname
# $2 	mysql username
# $3 	mysql password
# $4	mydql database
# $5 	domain name
function wp_mu_db_update {
	host=$1
	user=$2
	pass=$3
	db=$4
	domain=$5

	query="mysql --host=$host --user=$user --password=$pass $db -e"
	
	echo "> Setting 'domain' field in 'wp_blogs' table to '$domain'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_blogs SET domain = '$domain' WHERE blog_id = 1 AND site_id = 1";
	
	echo "> Setting 'site_url' field in 'wp_options' table to 'http://$domain/wordpress'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'http://$domain/wordpress' WHERE option_name = 'siteurl'";
	
	echo "> Setting 'home' field in 'wp_options' to 'http://$domain'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'http://$domain/' WHERE option_name = 'home'";
	
	echo "> Setting 'domain' field in 'wp_site' to '$domain'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_site SET domain = '$domain' WHERE id = 1";
	
	echo "> Setting 'site_url' field in 'wp_sitemeta' table to 'http://$domain/'..."
	$query "UPDATE wp_sitemeta SET meta_value = 'http://$domain/' WHERE meta_key = 'siteurl' AND site_id = 1";
}



### Main functions

# rsync
# -a, --archive			archive mode; same as -rlptgoD
# 	-r, --recursive		recurse into directories
# 	-l, --links			copy symlinks as symlinks
# 	-p, --perms			preserve permissions
# 	-t, --times			preserve times
# 	-g, --group			preserve group
# 	-o, --owner			preserve owner (super-user only)
# 	-D					same as --devices --specials
#		--devices		preserve device files (super-user only)
#		--specials		preserve special files
# -v, --verbose			increase verbosity
# --exclude=PATTERN		exclude files matching PATTERN
# --delete 				delete files that don’t exist on sender
# --delete-excluded		also delete excluded files on receiver

# Copy files from production web server to temporary directory
# $1 	path to files on production server
# $2 	path to files on local server
# $3	rsync exclude option(s)
function download_files {
	src=$1
	dst=$2
	ex=$3

	if [ ! -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Creating temporary directory..."
		echo "  $dst"
		mkdir -p "$dst"
	fi

	if [ -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Synchronizing production files with temporary directory..."
		echo "  Source      : $src"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
		rsync --archive --verbose $ex --delete --delete-excluded "$src" "$dst"
	else
		echo "> Temporary directory does not exist"
		echo "  $dst"
	fi
}

# Export database from production database server to temporary directory
# $1 	database hostname
# $2 	database username
# $3	database name
# $4 	path to save mysql export
# $5 	mysqldump ignore-table option(s)
function export_database {
	host=$1
	user=$2
	db=$3
	dst=$4
	ignore=$5

	if [ ! -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Creating temporary directory..."
		echo "  $dst"
		mkdir -p "$dst"
	fi

	if [ -d "$dst" ]; then
		echo "> Exporting production database to temporary directory..."
		echo "  Database    : $db"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
		echo "  Filename    : $db.sql"
		mysqldump --verbose --host=$host --user=$user --password $db $ignore > "$dst/$db.sql"
	else
		echo "> Temporary directory does not exist"
		echo "  $dst"
	fi
}

# Copy files from temporary directory to local site
# $1 	path to temporary files on local server
# $2	path to real files on local server
function upload_files {
	src=$1
	dst=$2

	if [[ (-d "$src") && (-d "$dst") ]]; then
		echo "> Synchronizing temporary files with local site directory..."
		echo "  Source      : $src"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
		rsync --archive --delete --delete-excluded "$src" "$dst"
	else
		echo "> Temporary or local site directory does not exist"
		echo "  Source      : $src"
		echo "  Destination : $dst"
	fi
}

# Import production database from temporary directory to local database
# $1 	database hostname
# $2 	database username
# $3	database password
# $4 	database name
# $5 	path to mysql export
function import_database {
	host=$1
	user=$2
	pass=$3
	db=$4
	src=$5

	if [ -f "$src/$db.sql" ]; then
		echo "> Importing temporary database export into local database..."
		echo "  Filename : $db.sql"
		echo "  Source   : $src"
		echo "  Database : $db"
		mysql --host=$host --user=$user --password=$pass $db < "$src/$db.sql"
	else
		echo "> Temporary database export does not exist"
		echo "  Filename : $db.sql"
		echo "  Source   : $src"
	fi
}



### Run functions

# Run sync component
function run_sync {
	case $arg2 in

		sitename)
			display_output_start

			copy_from="$SSH_PRD_USERNAME@$SSH_PRD_HOSTNAME:$PRD_SITES_PATH/domain.com/www/htdocs/wp-content/uploads/"
			copy_to="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2/uploads/"
			exclude='--exclude=temp --exclude=wpcf7_uploads'
			download_files "$copy_from" "$copy_to" "$exclude"

			display_newline

			mysql_hostname=$MYSQL_PRD_HOSTNAME
			mysql_username=$MYSQL_PRD_USERNAME
			mysql_database='domain_com'
			export_to="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2"
			ignore="--ignore-table=$mysql_database.wp_w3tc_cdn_queue"
			export_database $mysql_hostname $mysql_username $mysql_database "$export_to" "$ignore"

			display_output_end
			;;

		*)
			display_usage
			;;

	esac
}

# Run update component
function run_update {
	case $arg2 in

		sitename)
			display_output_start

			copy_from="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2/uploads/"
			copy_to="$LOCAL_SITES_PATH/domain.com/www/htdocs/wp-content/uploads/"
			upload_files "$copy_from" "$copy_to"

			mysql_username=''
			mysql_password=''
			domain_name=''
			case $ENV in
				DEV)
					mysql_username='username'
					mysql_password='password'
					domain_name='dev01.domain.com'
					;;
				STG)
					mysql_username='username'
					mysql_password='password'
					domain_name='stg01.domain.com'
					;;
			esac
			if [[ (-n $mysql_username) && (-n $mysql_password) && (-n $domain_name) ]]; then
				mysql_hostname='localhost'
				mysql_database='domain_com'
				import_from="$TEMP_SITES_PATH/$arg2"
				import_database $mysql_hostname $mysql_username $mysql_password $mysql_database "$import_from"
				wp_mu_db_update $mysql_hostname $mysql_username $mysql_password $mysql_database $domain_name
			else
				echo "> Unable to obtain MySQL credentials for $ENV server"
			fi

			display_output_end
			;;

		*)
			display_usage
			;;

	esac
}

# Run main component
function run {
	case $arg1 in

		sync)
			run_sync
			display_newline
			;;

		update)
			run_update
			display_newline
			;;

		*)
			display_usage
			;;

	esac
}



### Run Program

display_header
run
exit 0