Different types of decorators

decorators.py

# Regular decorator
def decorator(f):
    def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
        print('Before')
        result = f(*args, **kwargs)
        print('After')
        return result
    return wrapped

# Regular decorator usage
@decorator
def f(x): return x ** 2

# Decorator with arguments
def decorator_with_args(before_text, after_text):
    def generated_decorator(f):
        def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
            print(before_text)
            result = f()
            print(after_text)
            return result
        return wrapped
    return generated_decorator

# Decorator with arguments usage
@decorator_with_args('Before', 'After')
def g(x): return g ** 2

# Decorator with optional keyword arguments
def decorator_with_kwargs(before_text='foo', after_text='bar', obj=None):
    if obj is None:
        return functools.partial(decorator_with_kwargs, before_text=before_text, after_text=after_text)
    
    def generated_decorator(f):
        def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
            print(before_text)
            result = f()
            print(after_text)
            return result
        return wrapped
    return generated_decorator

#Decorator with optional keyword arguments usage
@decorator_with_kwargs('Before', 'After')
def h(x): return x**2

# OR

@decorator_with_kwargs()
def i(x): return x**2