Configure sshd on MSYS2 and run it as a Windows service

gistfile1.sh

#!/bin/sh
#
#  msys2-sshd-setup.sh — configure sshd on MSYS2 and run it as a Windows service
#
#  Please report issues and/or improvements to Sam Hocevar <[email protected]>
#
#  Prerequisites:
#    — MSYS2 itself: http://sourceforge.net/projects/msys2/
#    — admin tools: pacman -S openssh cygrunsrv mingw-w64-x86_64-editrights
#
#  This script is a cleaned up and improved version of the procedure initially
#  found at https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Building/Windows/SSHD
#
#  Gotchas:
#    — the log file will be /var/log/msys2_sshd.log
#    — if you get error “sshd: fatal: seteuid XXX : No such device or address”
#      in the logs, try “passwd -R” (with admin privileges)
#
#  Changelog:
#   27 Jun 2019 — rename service to msys2_sshd to avoid conflicts with Windows OpenSSH
#               — use mkgroup.exe as suggested in the comments
#               — fix a problem with CRLF and grep
#   24 Aug 2015 — run server with -e to redirect logs to /var/log/sshd.log
#

set -e

#
# Configuration
#

PRIV_USER=sshd_server
PRIV_NAME="Privileged user for sshd"
UNPRIV_USER=sshd # DO NOT CHANGE; this username is hardcoded in the openssh code
UNPRIV_NAME="Privilege separation user for sshd"

EMPTY_DIR=/var/empty


#
# Check installation sanity
#

if ! /mingw64/bin/editrights -h >/dev/null; then
    echo "ERROR: Missing 'editrights'. Try: pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-editrights."
    exit 1
fi

if ! cygrunsrv -v >/dev/null; then
    echo "ERROR: Missing 'cygrunsrv'. Try: pacman -S cygrunsrv."
    exit 1
fi

if ! ssh-keygen -A; then
    echo "ERROR: Missing 'ssh-keygen'. Try: pacman -S openssh."
    exit 1
fi


#
# The privileged cyg_server user
#

# Some random password; this is only needed internally by cygrunsrv and
# is limited to 14 characters by Windows (lol)
tmp_pass="$(tr -dc 'a-zA-Z0-9' < /dev/urandom | dd count=14 bs=1 2>/dev/null)"

# Create user
add="$(if ! net user "${PRIV_USER}" >/dev/null; then echo "//add"; fi)"
if ! net user "${PRIV_USER}" "${tmp_pass}" ${add} //fullname:"${PRIV_NAME}" \
              //homedir:"$(cygpath -w ${EMPTY_DIR})" //yes; then
    echo "ERROR: Unable to create Windows user ${PRIV_USER}"
    exit 1
fi

# Add user to the Administrators group if necessary
admingroup="$(mkgroup -l | awk -F: '{if ($2 == "S-1-5-32-544") print $1;}')"
if ! (net localgroup "${admingroup}" | grep -q '^'"${PRIV_USER}"'\>'); then
    if ! net localgroup "${admingroup}" "${PRIV_USER}" //add; then
        echo "ERROR: Unable to add user ${PRIV_USER} to group ${admingroup}"
        exit 1
    fi
fi

# Infinite passwd expiry
passwd -e "${PRIV_USER}"

# set required privileges
for flag in SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege SeCreateTokenPrivilege \
  SeTcbPrivilege SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight SeServiceLogonRight; do
    if ! /mingw64/bin/editrights -a "${flag}" -u "${PRIV_USER}"; then
        echo "ERROR: Unable to give ${flag} rights to user ${PRIV_USER}"
        exit 1
    fi
done


#
# The unprivileged sshd user (for privilege separation)
#

add="$(if ! net user "${UNPRIV_USER}" >/dev/null; then echo "//add"; fi)"
if ! net user "${UNPRIV_USER}" ${add} //fullname:"${UNPRIV_NAME}" \
              //homedir:"$(cygpath -w ${EMPTY_DIR})" //active:no; then
    echo "ERROR: Unable to create Windows user ${PRIV_USER}"
    exit 1
fi


#
# Add or update /etc/passwd entries
#

touch /etc/passwd
for u in "${PRIV_USER}" "${UNPRIV_USER}"; do
    sed -i -e '/^'"${u}"':/d' /etc/passwd
    SED='/^'"${u}"':/s?^\(\([^:]*:\)\{5\}\).*?\1'"${EMPTY_DIR}"':/bin/false?p'
    mkpasswd -l -u "${u}" | sed -e 's/^[^:]*+//' | sed -ne "${SED}" \
             >> /etc/passwd
done
mkgroup.exe -l > /etc/group


#
# Finally, register service with cygrunsrv and start it
#

cygrunsrv -R msys2_sshd || true
cygrunsrv -I msys2_sshd -d "MSYS2 sshd" -p \
          /usr/bin/sshd.exe -a "-D -e" -y tcpip -u "${PRIV_USER}" -w "${tmp_pass}"

# The SSH service should start automatically when Windows is rebooted. You can
# manually restart the service by running `net stop msys2_sshd` + `net start msys2_sshd`
if ! net start msys2_sshd; then
    echo "ERROR: Unable to start msys2_sshd service"
    exit 1
fi

Thanks, @kolewu. I don't know how I missed this. Should be fixed in a few minutes.

Shouldn't this be renamed from gistfile1.sh to msys2-sshd-setup.sh?

@elieux Thanks for the quick correction. There is an important information that should be added somewhere (but I don't know where): This configuration of sshd only works for local user. It's not possible to login as domain user (this produces the seteuid fatal error) and I haven't found the missing bits and pieces (passwd -R isn't enough).

For me the more practical solution was in this link
the section Setting up SSH , without user with privileg...for my desktop....
the script do not run for me ...many issues, thanks
https://www.booleanworld.com/get-unix-linux-environment-windows-msys2/

thanks! this worked for me.

There is an important information that should be added somewhere (but I don't know where): This configuration of sshd only works for local user. It's not possible to login as domain user (this produces the seteuid fatal error) and I haven't found the missing bits and pieces (passwd -R isn't enough).

@kolewu Thanks for a very helpful note. Apparently this is solved in https://github.com/rkitover/windows-alt-sshd-msys2

I've tried several different versions of this script including this one, https://www.msys2.org/wiki/Setting-up-SSHd/, and https://github.com/rkitover/windows-alt-sshd-msys2/blob/master/msys2-alt-sshd-setup.sh. All have issues.

When I run this script I get the below error:
"The user name could not be found.

More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 2221.

The option //ADD is unknown.

The syntax of this command is:

NET USER
[username [password | *] [options]] [/DOMAIN]
username {password | *} /ADD [options] [/DOMAIN]
username [/DELETE] [/DOMAIN]
username [/TIMES:{times | ALL}]
username [/ACTIVE: {YES | NO}]

More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 3506.

ERROR: Unable to create Windows user "

How do I get around this? I tried jouven's instructions. I ran /usr/bin/mkpasswd | grep using my personal account and copied that line into /etc/passwd. I already have a password on my account, but still tried passwd and it said "You may not change the password for ?. I thought that was fine so I continued on and ran the script and got the error above. Any ideas? Thanks

@wapiti96 The script uses //ADD to tell the msys2 path handling converter to not treat it as a path and convert it to /ADD.

Make sure you are not setting the environment variable MSYS2_ARG_CONV_EXCL or other variables related to path conversion.

if you want to execute a windows app say notepad you are running windows service you have to use a weird hack like this

MSYS2_ARG_CONV_EXCL="*" schtasks /create /sc once /tn "NotepadIn10Sec" /tr "notepad.exe" /st  $(date -d @"$((current_time=$(date +%s) +40 ))" +"%H:%M:%S")  && ( sleep 50;  MSYS2_ARG_CONV_EXCL="*" schtasks /delete /tn "NotepadIn10Sec" /f)

assuming you're logged in as the same user

and in case you're on a firewall:

cygrunsrv -R msys2_autossh ; cygrunsrv -I msys2_autossh -d "MSYS2 autossh" -p "/usr/bin/bash.exe" -a "autossh -M 0 -i /home/myuser/.ssh/id_rsa -o UserKnownHostsFile=/home/myuser/.ssh/known_hosts -R 9090:localhost:22 [email protected] -N" -y msys2_sshd

Anyone have a solution to "passwd: unrecoverable error 8646" in Win10 Pro 1809 64-bit?

MSYS ~
# passwd rcpao
New password:
Re-enter new password:
passwd: unrecoverable error 8646
Try again.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
passwd: unrecoverable error 8646
Try again.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
passwd: unrecoverable error 8646

MSYS ~
#

metoo

@improve100 just use a key instead