Set up a new LXC virtual machine

create-new-lxc.sh

#!/bin/bash
# 
# Initialize new virtual server using LXC and set up networking and HTTP proxy
#
# Written by: Deni Bertovic <[email protected]>
#
# Released into Public Domain. You may use, modify and distribute it as you
# see fit.
#
# This script will:
#  1. Create a new LXC virtual machine based on the template container
#  2. Allocate a static IP on the LXC network (must be /24) for the new vm
#  3. Set up a SSH forwarding on a high-port (*022) from the host to the vm
#  4. Set up NGinX to forward requests for <vm>.<domain_suffix> to the new vm
#  5. Start the new VM
#
# To make use of this script, first prepare a virtual machine that will be
# used as the base template. Install and set up everything you'd want to
# be present on every VM.


LXC_TEMPLATE_NAME="minimal-template"
DOMAIN_SUFFIX="dobarkod.hr"
HOST_IP="5.9.97.232"
LXC_NETWORK_PREFIX="10.0.3"

set -e

if [[ $(/usr/bin/id -u) -ne 0 ]]; then
    echo "Script needs to be run as root";
    exit 1;
fi

if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
  echo "Usage: $0 <container-name>"
  exit 1;
fi

## clone new container from minimal-template
name=$1

if [ -d /var/lib/lxc/$name/ ]; then
  echo "Container named $name already exists."
  exit 1;
fi

lxc-clone -o $LXC_TEMPLATE_NAME -n $name

## set up networking
macAddress=`grep "lxc.network.hwaddr" /var/lib/lxc/$name/config  | cut -d ' ' -f 2`
lastUsedIP=`tail -n 1 /etc/ethers | cut -d ' ' -f 2 | cut -d '.' -f 4`
newIP=`expr $lastUsedIP + 1`

echo "# $name" >> /etc/ethers
echo "$macAddress $LXC_NETWORK_PREFIX.$newIP" >> /etc/ethers

## restart dnsmasq to reload the new mac/ip combos from /etc/ethers
killall -s SIGHUP dnsmasq

## add ip tables rule
port=$newIP"022"
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d $HOST_IP -j DNAT --dport $port --to-destination $LXC_NETWORK_PREFIX.$newIP:22
iptables-save > /etc/iptables.conf

## add in autostart procedure
ln -s /var/lib/lxc/$name/config /etc/lxc/auto/$name

## start the lxc container
lxc-start -n $name -d

## set up Nginx reverse proxying
cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/$name.$DOMAIN_SUFFIX <<EOF
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name $name.$DOMAIN_SUFFIX;

    access_log /var/log/nginx/$name.access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/$name.error.log;

    location / {
        proxy_pass_header Server;
        proxy_set_header Host \$http_host;
        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Scheme \$scheme;
        proxy_connect_timeout 3;
        proxy_read_timeout 10;
        proxy_pass http://$LXC_NETWORK_PREFIX.$newIP:80/;
    }
}
EOF

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/$name.$DOMAIN_SUFFIX /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/$name.$DOMAIN_SUFFIX

nginx -t
service nginx restart

echo "New container $name created."
echo "   Internal IP: $LXC_NETWORK_PREFIX.$newIP"
echo "   External SSH access port: $port"