This list of resources is all about acquring and processing aerial imagery. It's generally broken up in three ways: how to go about this in Photoshop/GIMP, using command-line tools, or in GIS software, depending what's most comfortable to you. Often these tools can be used in conjunction with each other.
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USGS Earth Explorer - Browser and data access (create a login) 
 http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/- Landsat archive
- Many other products, like aerial/orthophotography
 
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GLOVIS (Java/Firefox required) 
 http://glovis.usgs.gov/?popout=TRUE- Similar data different interface
 
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NASA WorldView - Browser and data access 
 https://earthdata.nasa.gov/labs/worldview/
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NASA GIBS - MODIS tileserver https://wiki.earthdata.nasa.gov/display/GIBS/Global+Imagery+Browse+Services+%28GIBS%29+Home 
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NASA Near-Real Time satellite data links https://earthdata.nasa.gov/data/near-real-time-data/rapid-response 
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Google Earth Engine https://earthengine.google.org/ 
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Landsat 8 Acquisition Calendar https://landsat.usgs.gov/tools_L8_acquisition_calendar.php 
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Landsatutil (Development Seed) 
 http://www.developmentseed.org/blog/2014/08/29/landsat-util/ https://github.com/developmentseed/landsat-util
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Fetch from Google Earth Engine 
 https://gist.github.com/briantjacobs/ab695cc15775df9570ed
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Landsat 8 data on AWS http://aws.amazon.com/public-data-sets/landsat/ 
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Landsat data on Google Storage https://console.developers.google.com/storage/browser/earthengine-public/landsat/ 
- Landsat 7/8 bands and combinations
 http://blogs.esri.com/esri/arcgis/2013/07/24/band-combinations-for-landsat-8/
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How To Make a True-Color Landsat 8 Image (Rob Simmon, NASA) http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/elegantfigures/2013/10/22/how-to-make-a-true-color-landsat-8-image/ 
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Processing Landsat 8 (Tom Patterson, National Park Service) 
 http://www.shadedrelief.com/landsat8/introduction.html
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Avenza Geographic Imager - Expensive but excellent plugin. Allows you to much of what GDAL does (plus things it can't) and preserve geographic metadata. http://www.avenza.com/geographic-imager 
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Without Geographic Imager, you need GDAL tools if you want to preserve geographic metadata: Dump metadata from a file before messing with it in Photoshop 
listgeo -no_norm original.tif > original.geo
Add the metadata back after saving back out
geotifcp -g original.geo modified.tif modified_geotiff.tif
```
- Merging bands into RGB in GIMP
 http://edwardmjohnson.wordpress.com/using-landsat-imagery-in-gimp/
- Pansharpening in GIMP (translate from Portuguese!)
 http://www.processamentodigital.com.br/2013/11/17/gimp-2-8-fusao-de-imagens-landsat-8-em-pseudo-cores-naturais/
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GDAL: ogr2ogr (for vector) and GDAL (for raster) 
brew install gdal --enable-unsupported --with-postgresql ``` note: "--enable-unsupported" allows you to install third party drivers, necessary for proprietary formats like MrSID and FileGDB. See this http://briantjacobs.com/mrsid-gdal-homebrew/
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ImageMagick, aka convert
brew install imagemagick ```
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GDAL cheatsheet - Derek Watkins (NYTimes) ← see "Raster Operations" https://github.com/dwtkns/gdal-cheat-sheet 
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Processing Satellite Imagery (Mapbox) ← extra helpful https://www.mapbox.com/foundations/processing-satellite-imagery/ 
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Dan's GDAL scripts 
 https://github.com/gina-alaska/dans-gdal-scripts
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Pansharpening Landsat 7 with Dan's scripts http://blog.remotesensing.io/2013/04/pansharpening-using-a-handy-gdal-tool/ 
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Convert Landsat 8 GeoTIFF images into RGB pan-sharpened JPEGs. 
 https://gist.github.com/briantjacobs/48320e59954ee7ec5cd1
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Charlie Lloyd's (Mapbox) Rake Task https://gist.github.com/briantjacobs/0d3f9a62fc7ca115ee5b 
- Pansharpening with Orfeo
- https://www.mapbox.com/blog/pansharpening-satellite-imagery-openstreetmap/
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Install 
brew tap homebrew/science brew install qgis24 --with-grass7 --with-orfeo
May need: <https://xquartz.macosforge.org/landing
sudo pip install psycop2 echo 'export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages' >> ~/.bash_profile ```
- QGIS 2.0: Composition Color RGB for Landsat-8 (translate from Portuguese) http://www.processamentodigital.com.br/2013/11/23/qgis-2-0-composicao-colorida-rgb-para-imagens-landsat-8/
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GDAL2Tiles 
 http://www.gdal.org/gdal2tiles.html
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MapTiler http://www.maptiler.org/ 
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TileMill 
 https://www.mapbox.com/tilemill/
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SimpleTiles / SimplerTiles (Ruby) http://propublica.github.io/simple-tiles/ http://propublica.github.io/simpler-tiles/ 
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JuxtaposeJS - Compare two images 
 http://juxtapose.knightlab.com/
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Leaflet (see tileLayer or imageOverlay) 
 http://leafletjs.com/
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Leaflet.Sync 
 https://github.com/turban/Leaflet.Sync
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Google Earth 
 https://www.google.com/earth/
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Google Earth Tutorial for GeoTiff 
 http://www.google.com/earth/outreach/tutorials/importgis.html
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Losing Ground (ProPublica / The Lens) 
 http://projects.propublica.org/louisiana
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Disappering Mississppi Delta (SkyTruth) 
 http://blog.skytruth.org/2014/09/disappearing-mississippi-delta-1972-2014.html
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Long Swath 
 http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/LDCMLongSwath/
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Long Swath Gigapan: 
 http://gigapan.com/gigapans/9741ab68dda60a8b05b9c1bfce147500
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NYTimes: A Rogue State Along Two Rivers 
 http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/07/03/world/middleeast/syria-iraq-isis-rogue-state-along-two-rivers.html
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NYTimes: Assessing the Damage and Destruction in Gaza http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/08/03/world/middleeast/assessing-the-damage-and-destruction-in-gaza.html 
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NYTimes: ISIS in Maps and Photos http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/06/12/world/middleeast/the-iraq-isis-conflict-in-maps-photos-and-video.html 
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Monitoring Oil Reserves from Space 
 https://www.mapbox.com/blog/Monitoring-oil-reserves-from-space/
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Animated Gifs of Earth over time (Google Earth Engine) https://plus.google.com/b/106191537604091348855/photos/+GoogleEarth/albums/5875822979804092129 
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Hurricaine Sandy before/after 
 http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/news/weeklynews/nov12/ngs-sandy-imagery.html
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The Continuing Crisis in Northern Iraq http://blog.amnestyusa.org/middle-east/moving-on-from-the-mountain-the-continuing-crisis-in-northern-iraq/ 
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Counting Whales from Space http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0088655 
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Using Repeat Satellite Imagery to Track Tank Movements http://sciience.tumblr.com/post/111780500452/using-repeat-satellite-imagery-to-track-tank 
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Gaza: X-ray of a disaster http://www.letemps.ch/interactive/2014/gaza-radiographie/ 
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Google Earth Engine 
 https://earthengine.google.org/#intro
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Web interface for CS2CS, quickly convert coordinates 
 http://cs2cs.mygeodata.eu/
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Find the EPSG from WKT from gdalinfo 
 http://www.prj2epsg.org/search
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Geojson.io - Draw geographic things, get info and export 
 http://geojson.io/
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Noah Veltman's geotools - Easily get bounding boxes and such http://dev.noahveltman.com/geotools/ 
- USGS land cover classification data
- 1992-2011: http://www.mrlc.gov/finddata.php
- 70's: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2006/240/
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Installing Open Source geographic software 
 https://github.com/nvkelso/geo-how-to/wiki/Installing-Open-Source-Geo-Software:-Mac-Edition
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Creating the Blue Marble 
 http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/elegantfigures/2011/10/06/crafting-the-blue-marble/
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Rainbow planes 
 http://booktwo.org/notebook/rainbow-plane/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/stml/sets/72157637938061015/
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Global Forest Change from Lndsat and MODIS http://www.globalforestwatch.org/ http://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/science-2013-global-forest/download_v1.1.html 
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Carlton Complex Wildfire, Washington 
 http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=84169 http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2705138/Aerial-photos-true-scale-devastation-Washington-states-largest-wildfire-burned-nearly-400-square-miles-destroyed-150-homes.html