https://qiita.com/mookouchi/items/a3ca2deed4d11dd29ba6#comment-cc5126054da679f1977f

lifegame_model.py

import random
import time

DEPOP = 1  # 過疎条件
OVERCROW = 4  # 過密条件
ALIVE_LOWER = 3  # 発生条件(下限)
ALIVE_UPPER = 3  # 発生条件(上限)
ETERNAL = False  # セルの永続化フラグ
INITIALIZE_ALIVE_RATE = 20  # 初期セルの生存率(%)


class LifeGame:

    def __init__(self, width, height):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.cells = self.generate(self.init_life)

    def next_generation(self):
        """世代交代"""
        self.cells = self.generate(self.next_life)

    def __iter__(self):
        """生命体セルのイテレータを返す(for文のinで使用)"""
        return iter(self.cells)

    def generate(self, life):
        """生命体セルを生成する"""
        return tuple(tuple(life(x, y) for x in range(self.width))
                     for y in range(self.height))

    def init_life(self, x, y):
        """初期の生命体の値"""
        if random.randint(1, 100) <= INITIALIZE_ALIVE_RATE:
            return random.randint(0, 9)
        return 0

    def next_life(self, x, y):
        """次世代の生命体の値"""
        life = self.cells[y][x]
        neighbor_alives = self.count_neighbor_alives(x, y)
        if life == 0:
            if ALIVE_LOWER <= neighbor_alives <= ALIVE_UPPER:
                life = 1
        elif life == 9:
            if not ETERNAL:
                life = 0  # 寿命で死亡
        else:
            if DEPOP < neighbor_alives < OVERCROW:
                life += 1
            else:
                life = 0
        return life

    def count_neighbor_alives(self, x, y):
        """周囲のセルの生存数を数える"""
        return sum(1
                   for ny in (y - 1, y, y + 1)
                   if 0 <= ny < self.height
                   for nx in (x - 1, x, x + 1)
                   if 0 <= nx < self.width
                   if (ny, nx) != (y, x)
                   if self.cells[ny][nx] != 0)


def main():
    lifegame = LifeGame(79, 23)
    for _ in range(100):
        print('\033[2J\033[H')
        for cells in lifegame:
            print(*cells, sep='')
        time.sleep(1)
        lifegame.next_generation()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

lifegame_view.py

import time
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from lifegame_model import LifeGame

# 各変数の設定
# グラフの描画サイズ
WIDTH = HEIGHT = 1000
# 描画時のセルの間隔
# 各軸のセルの数は描画サイズ÷セルの間隔で求められます。
SPACE = 5
# セル描画時の大きさ係数
SIZE_FACTOR = 5


class LifeGameView:

    def __init__(self):
        # インタラクティブモード オン
        plt.ion()

        # 描画領域の初期化
        fig, ax = plt.subplots()
        ax.set_xlim(0, WIDTH + SPACE)
        ax.set_ylim(0, HEIGHT + SPACE)
        ax.set_aspect('equal')
        ax.grid(False)

        # マウスクリックで終了するためのイベントの設定
        fig.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', stop)

        # scatter(散布図)オブジェクトの作成
        width = WIDTH // SPACE
        height = HEIGHT // SPACE
        x = [*range(1, WIDTH + 1, SPACE)] * height
        y = [y for y in range(1, HEIGHT + 1, SPACE) for x in range(width)]
        color = ['b'] * width * height
        scale = [0] * width * height
        self.sc = ax.scatter(x, y, c=color, s=scale, alpha=0.3, edgecolors='none')

    def draw(self, lifegame):
        scale = []
        color = []
        # セルの状態を元に描画設定を作成
        for cells in lifegame:
            for life in cells:
                scale.append(life * SIZE_FACTOR)
                color.append('bbbbbggggr'[life])
        # 描画の設定と再描画
        self.sc.set_sizes(scale)
        self.sc.set_color(color)
        self.sc.figure.canvas.draw_idle()
        self.sc.figure.canvas.flush_events()


def stop(event):
    print('Program is over.')
    main.loop = False


def main():
    view = LifeGameView()
    lifegame = LifeGame(WIDTH // SPACE, HEIGHT // SPACE)
    main.loop = True
    while main.loop:
        lifegame.next_generation()
        view.draw(lifegame)
        # 処理が早すぎて困る場合のスリープ(秒)
        # time.sleep(0.01)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()