https://qiita.com/tatsuo98se/items/e6809490f2ff92478acf#comment-d67b39e94eab4993406b

yhpg_doukaku_F10_2.py

import time
from itertools import count

def make_gunegune(size):
    size = (size + 1) | 1
    gunegune = [['-'] * size for y in range(size)]
    number = count(1)
    for z in range(1, size, 2):
        for x in range(1, z, +1): gunegune[z][x] = next(number)
        for y in range(z, 0, -1): gunegune[y][z] = next(number)
        z += 1
        for y in range(1, z, +1): gunegune[y][z] = next(number)
        for x in range(z, 0, -1): gunegune[z][x] = next(number)
    return gunegune

def find_pos(gunegune, num):
    return next((y, x)
                for y, row in enumerate(gunegune)
                for x, col in enumerate(row)
                if col == num)

def solve(gunegune, data):
    y, x = find_pos(gunegune, int(data))
    return ','.join(str(gunegune[y + dy][x + dx])
                    for dy, dx in ((0, -1), (0, 1), (-1, 0), (1, 0)))

GUNEGUNE = make_gunegune(size=100)