Script used for the SCS Linux Basics tutorial at Concordia University (2016) - discussion about Linux basics & setting up Wordpress on a CentOS 7 machine

scs-tutorial-linux-basics.sh

#!/bin/sh

###
### Example usage of common commands
###
# pwd
# ls # it's empty
# cd /var/log # there are some files

###
### Different ways to grab content from files
###
# tail yum.log
# cat yum.log
# grep NetworkManger yum.log

###
### Adding arguments/parameters to commands
###
# cd /
# ls --help
# ls -l /bin
# ls -lh /bin

###
### Get documentation for a command
###
# man ls
# man grep

###
### Mode bits: sum the digits
###
# 4 = read
# 2 = write
# 1 = execute

# R/W owner, R else:
# chmod 644 securefile

# Everyone can do everything:
# chmod 777 insecurefile

# R/W/X owner, R/X everyone else:
# chmod 755 binaryfile

# chown user:group filename


###
### Update your system
###
yum update -y

###
### Basic packages we'll use later.
###
yum install -y nano wget psmisc postfix epel-release


###
### Install and configure webserver
###
yum install -y httpd php php-pdo php-gd php-mysql php-mbstring
systemctl start httpd

###
### Now, open your Linode IP in a web browser
###

# Comment out welcome.conf
sed -i -e 's/^\([^#]\)/#\1/g' /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf

# Set a timezone for PHP
sed -i 's|;date.timezone =|date.timezone = America/New_York|' /etc/php.ini

# Configure the Apache server request limits
# Writes the contents between "cat" line and "EOF" to /etc/httpd/conf.d/tuning.conf
cat << EOF > /etc/httpd/conf.d/tuning.conf
StartServers 2
MinSpareServers 6
MaxSpareServers 12
MaxClients 30
MaxRequestsPerChild 3000

KeepAlive On
KeepAliveTimeout 5
EOF

# Start the Apache webserver
systemctl enable httpd
systemctl restart httpd

###
### Install and configure the MySQL database server
###
yum install -y mariadb-server
systemctl enable mariadb
systemctl start mariadb

# Secure the server and setup the Wordpress database
cat << EOF | mysql -u root
UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('randompw') WHERE User='root';
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host NOT IN ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1');
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';
DELETE FROM mysql.db WHERE Db='test' OR Db='test\\_%';
CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'morerandompw';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EOF

###
### Download and unpack wordpress
###
cd /var/www/html
wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar xfz latest.tar.gz

nano /var/www/html/wordpress/wp-config.php

###
### System monitoring to automatically restart failed services
###

# Monit is going to monitor the Apache status page - so we need to make sure it's there
sed -i 's|#LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so|LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so|' /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-base.conf
cat << EOF > /etc/httpd/conf.d/server-status.conf
ExtendedStatus On
<Location /server-status>
    SetHandler server-status
</Location>
EOF
service httpd restart

# Install Monit
yum install -y monit

# Configure monitoring for MySQL
cat << EOF > /etc/monit.d/mysql
check process mysql with pidfile /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
  start program = "/bin/systemctl start mariadb"
  stop program = "/bin/systemctl stop mariadb"
  if failed port 3306 protocol mysql then restart
  if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
EOF

# Configure monitoring for Apache
cat << EOF > /etc/monit.d/httpd
check process httpd with pidfile /var/run/httpd/httpd.pid
  start program = "/bin/systemctl start httpd"
  stop program = "/bin/systemctl stop httpd"
  if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 80 protocol http then restart
  if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
EOF

systemctl enable monit
systemctl start monit

monit status
tail /var/log/monit.log

# Kill the services, they'll restart automatically <= 1 minute
killall httpd
killall mysqld

###
### Keep refreshing your web browser - you should get a timeout, but it will
### come back within 1 minute
###