提高并发的演进思路，就在： 普通锁，本质是串行执行 读写锁，可以实现读读并发 数据多版本，可以实现读写并发 读写锁相对于单纯的互斥锁，适用性更高，可以多个线程同时占用读模式的读写锁，但是只能一个线程占用写模式的读写锁。

readwrite.lock

class RWLock(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.lock = threading.Lock()
        self.rcond = threading.Condition(self.lock)
        self.wcond = threading.Condition(self.lock)
        self.read_waiter = 0    # 等待获取读锁的线程数
        self.write_waiter = 0   # 等待获取写锁的线程数
        self.state = 0          # 正数：表示正在读操作的线程数   负数：表示正在写操作的线程数（最多-1）
        self.owners = []        # 正在操作的线程id集合
        self.write_first = True # 默认写优先，False表示读优先

    def write_acquire(self, blocking=True):
        # 获取写锁只有当
        me = threading.get_ident()
        with self.lock:
            while not self._write_acquire(me):
                if not blocking:
                    return False
                self.write_waiter += 1
                self.wcond.wait()
                self.write_waiter -= 1
        return True

    def _write_acquire(self, me):
        # 获取写锁只有当锁没人占用，或者当前线程已经占用
        if self.state == 0 or (self.state < 0 and me in self.owners):
            self.state -= 1
            self.owners.append(me)
            return True
        if self.state > 0 and me in self.owners:
            raise RuntimeError('cannot recursively wrlock a rdlocked lock')
        return False

    def read_acquire(self, blocking=True):
        me = threading.get_ident()
        with self.lock:
            while not self._read_acquire(me):
                if not blocking:
                    return False
                self.read_waiter += 1
                self.rcond.wait()
                self.read_waiter -= 1
        return True

    def _read_acquire(self, me):
        if self.state < 0:
            # 如果锁被写锁占用
            return False

        if not self.write_waiter:
            ok = True
        else:
            ok = me in self.owners
        if ok or not self.write_first:
            self.state += 1
            self.owners.append(me)
            return True
        return False

    def unlock(self):
        me = threading.get_ident()
        with self.lock:
            try:
                self.owners.remove(me)
            except ValueError:
                raise RuntimeError('cannot release un-acquired lock')

            if self.state > 0:
                self.state -= 1
            else:
                self.state += 1
            if not self.state:
                if self.write_waiter and self.write_first:   # 如果有写操作在等待（默认写优先）
                    self.wcond.notify()
                elif self.read_waiter:
                    self.rcond.notify_all()
                elif self.write_waiter:
                    self.wcond.notify()

    read_release = unlock
    write_release = unlock