test.cpp

#include <string>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
class X
{
public:
	string str;
	X(const string &s) : str(s) { printf("Constructor %s 0x%p\n", str.c_str(), this); }
	~X() { printf("Destructor %s 0x%p\n", str.c_str(), this); }

	X x(const string &s) const { X z("scope"); printf("X::x() %s->%s 0x%p\n", str.c_str(), s.c_str(), this); return X(s); }
};

void func(const X &x)
{
	printf("func\n");
}

int main()
{
	func(X("outer").x("inner1").x("inner2"));
}

test.out

Constructor outer 0x0x7fff299bbd90
Constructor scope 0x0x7fff299bbd40
X::x() outer->inner1 0x0x7fff299bbd90
Constructor inner1 0x0x7fff299bbdb0
Destructor scope 0x0x7fff299bbd40
Constructor scope 0x0x7fff299bbd40
X::x() inner1->inner2 0x0x7fff299bbdb0
Constructor inner2 0x0x7fff299bbdd0
Destructor scope 0x0x7fff299bbd40
func
Destructor inner2 0x0x7fff299bbdd0
Destructor inner1 0x0x7fff299bbdb0
Destructor outer 0x0x7fff299bbd90