day21.rs

/*
To run, put the IntCode-program in a file named prog and the spring droid program
in a file named droid_prog.

It was fairly easy to come up with a spring droid program for part 1 manually:
NOT C J
NOT A T
OR T J
AND D J
WALK

Part 2 took some more trial and error to come up with the following spring droid program:
NOT E T  -- Condition A: Never Jump if E and H are holes
NOT H J
AND J T
NOT T T  -- T is now true if allowed to jump according to condition A
NOT A J  -- Condition C: Never jump if A, B, C are solid ground
NOT J J
AND B J  
AND C J
NOT J J  -- J is now true if we are allowed to jump according to condition B
AND J T  -- T is now true if we are allowed to jump according to both conditions abobe
NOT A J  -- Jump always if directly in front of a gap
OR D J   -- Never jump if we will land in a hole
AND T J  -- Apply the merged conditions from above.
RUN
*/

use std::io::{BufReader, BufRead};
use std::fs::File;
use std::collections::HashMap;


#[derive(Debug)]
struct Machine {
    prog_ptr: i64,
    relative_base: i64,
    program: Vec<i64>,
    input: Vec<i64>,
    output: Vec<i64>,
    state: MachineState
}

#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
enum MachineState {
    ReadyToRun,
    WaitingForInput,
    OutputAvailable,
    Terminated
}

enum InstructionResult {
    Continue,
    WaitForInput,
    OutputDelivered,
    Invalid,
    Exit
}

enum ParameterMode {
    Position = 0,
    Direct = 1,
    Relative= 2
}

impl Machine {
    fn resume(&mut self) {
        loop {
            let a = self.run_one_instruction();
            match a {
                InstructionResult::Continue => { self.state = MachineState::ReadyToRun },
                InstructionResult::WaitForInput => { self.state = MachineState::WaitingForInput; break; },
                InstructionResult::OutputDelivered => { self.state = MachineState::OutputAvailable; break; },
                InstructionResult::Exit => { self.state = MachineState::Terminated; break; },
                _ => panic!("Unexpected action."),
            }
        }    
    }

    fn grow_storage_if_required(&mut self, location: i64) {
        if location >= self.program.len() as i64 {
            self.program.resize((location + 1) as usize, 0)
        }
    }

    fn get(&mut self, location: i64) -> i64 {
        self.grow_storage_if_required(location);
        self.program[location as usize]
    }

    fn put(&mut self, location: i64, value: i64) {
        self.grow_storage_if_required(location);
        self.program[location as usize] = value;
    }

    fn next_cell(&mut self) -> i64 {
        let ind = self.prog_ptr;
        self.prog_ptr += 1;
        self.get(ind)
    }

    fn get_parameter_value(&mut self, mode: i64) -> i64 {
        let value = self.next_cell();
        if mode == ParameterMode::Position as i64 {
            return self.get(value)
        } else if mode == ParameterMode::Direct as i64 {
            return value
        } else if mode == ParameterMode::Relative as i64 {
            return self.get(value + self.relative_base)
        } else {
            panic!("Unknown parameter mode: {}", mode)
        }
    }

    fn get_storage_location(&mut self, mode: i64) -> i64 {
        if mode == ParameterMode::Relative as i64 {
            self.next_cell() + self.relative_base
        } else {
            self.next_cell()
        }
    }

    const ADD: i64 =  1;
    const MULT: i64 =  2;
    const INPUT: i64 = 3;
    const OUTPUT: i64 = 4;
    const JUMP_TRUE: i64 = 5;
    const JUMP_FALSE: i64 = 6;
    const LESS_THAN: i64 = 7;
    const EQUALS: i64 = 8;
    const RELATIVE_BASE_OFFSET: i64 = 9;
    const EXIT: i64 =  99;

    fn run_one_instruction(&mut self) -> InstructionResult {
        let saved_prog_ptr = self.prog_ptr;
        let next_instruction_code = self.next_cell();
        let next_op_code = next_instruction_code % 100;
        let mode_par_1 =  (next_instruction_code / 100) % 10;
        let mode_par_2 = (next_instruction_code / 1000) % 10;
        let mode_par_3 = (next_instruction_code / 10000) % 10;
        match next_op_code {
            Machine::ADD => {
                let t1 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                let t2 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_2);
                let store_at = self.get_storage_location(mode_par_3);
                self.put(store_at, t1 + t2);
                InstructionResult::Continue
            },
            Machine::MULT => {
                let f1 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                let f2 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_2);
                let store_at = self.get_storage_location(mode_par_3);
                self.put(store_at, f1 * f2);
                InstructionResult::Continue
            },
            Machine::INPUT => {
                if !self.input.is_empty() {
                    let store_at = self.get_storage_location(mode_par_1);
                    let c = self.input.remove(0);
                    self.put(store_at, c);
                    InstructionResult::Continue
                } else {
                    self.prog_ptr = saved_prog_ptr;
                    InstructionResult::WaitForInput
                }
            },
            Machine::JUMP_TRUE => {
                let value = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                let jump_target = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_2);
                if value != 0 {
                    self.prog_ptr = jump_target
                }
                InstructionResult::Continue
            },
            Machine::JUMP_FALSE => {
                let value = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                let jump_target = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_2);
                if value == 0 {
                    self.prog_ptr = jump_target
                }
                InstructionResult::Continue
            },
            Machine::LESS_THAN => {
                let p1 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                let p2 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_2);
                let store_at = self.get_storage_location(mode_par_3);
                let result = if p1 < p2 { 1 } else { 0 };
                self.put(store_at, result);
                InstructionResult::Continue
            },
            Machine::EQUALS => {
                let p1 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                let p2 = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_2);
                let store_at = self.get_storage_location(mode_par_3);
                let result = if p1 == p2 { 1 } else { 0 };
                self.put(store_at, result);
                InstructionResult::Continue
            },
            Machine::OUTPUT => {
                let v = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                self.output.push(v);
                InstructionResult::OutputDelivered
            },
            Machine::RELATIVE_BASE_OFFSET => {
                let v = self.get_parameter_value(mode_par_1);
                self.relative_base += v;
                InstructionResult::Continue
            },
            Machine::EXIT => InstructionResult::Exit,
            _ => InstructionResult::Invalid
        }
    }    
}

fn load_program(program_file: &String) -> Vec<i64> {
    let mut prog: Vec<i64> = vec![];
    let file = File::open(program_file).expect("Could not open program file!");
    let reader = BufReader::new(file);

    let line = reader.lines().next().expect("Could not read from program file");
    let line = line.expect("No string there.");
    for s in line.split(",") {
        let c = i64::from_str_radix(&s, 10).expect("Could not parse int");
        prog.push(c);
    }
    prog
}

fn load_droid_program(program_file: &String) -> Vec<i64> {
    let mut droid_prog: Vec<i64> = vec![];
    let file = File::open(program_file).expect("Could not open droid program file!");
    let reader = BufReader::new(file);

    for line in reader.lines() {
        for c in line.expect("No string there.").chars() {
            droid_prog.push(c as i64)
        }
        droid_prog.push(10)
    }
    droid_prog
}

fn deploy_droid(program: &Vec<i64>, droid_program: &Vec<i64>) {
    let mut machine = Machine {
        prog_ptr: 0,
        relative_base: 0,
        program: program.clone(),
        input: droid_program.clone(),
        output: vec!(),
        state: MachineState::ReadyToRun
    };

    loop {
        match machine.state {
            MachineState::Terminated => break,
            MachineState::OutputAvailable => {
                while !machine.output.is_empty() {
                    let code = machine.output.remove(0);
                    if code < 128 {
                        let code = code as u8;
                        let c = code as char;
                        print!("{}", c)    
                    } else {
                        println!("Accumulated damage = {}", code);
                    }
                }
            },
            MachineState::WaitingForInput => {
                panic!("Unexpected input requested")
            },
            MachineState::ReadyToRun => {},
        }
        machine.resume()
    }
}

fn main() {
    let program_file = "prog".to_string();
    let droid_program_file = "droid_prog".to_string();
    let program: Vec<i64> = load_program(&program_file);
    let droid_program: Vec<i64> = load_droid_program(&droid_program_file);
    deploy_droid(&program, &droid_program)
}