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Git_cheat_sheet.md

Git Cheat Sheet

https://gist.github.com/timdetering/9fe9d3ece2e1b2232589821fd7f33318

A collection of common Git tips and tasks.

Commits

Removing an entire commit

I call this operation "cherry-pit" since it is the inverse of a "cherry-pick". First identify the SHA of the commit you wish to remove. You can do this using gitk --date-order or using git log --graph --decorate --oneline. You are looking for the 40 character SHA-1 hash ID (or the 7 character abbreviation). If you know the ^ or ~ shortcuts you may use those.

git rebase -p --onto SHA^ SHA

Where SHA is the SHA-1 hash of the commit to remove.

Remove a file or directory from history

Replace FILE_LIST with the files or directories that you are removing. This will rewrite local history.

git filter-branch --tag-name-filter cat --index-filter 'git rm -r --cached --ignore-unmatch FILE_LIST' --prune-empty -f -- --all

Submodules

Cloning a repro with submodules

If you pass --recursive to the git clone command, it will automatically initialize and update each submodule in the repository.

git clone --recursive https://github.com/chaconinc/MainProject

Add a submodule

git submodule add https://github.com/chaconinc/DbConnector

List submodules

git submodule status

Initialize (update)

git submodule update --init

Remove a submodule

Newer Git versions have the deinit command:

git submodule deinit <path>

Pass --all without the path to unregister all submodules in the working tree.

Old way

  1. Delete the relevant section from the .gitmodules file
  2. Stage the .gitmodules changes git add .gitmodules
  3. Delete the relevant section from .git/config
  4. Run git rm --cached path_to_submodule (no trailing slash)
  5. Run rm -rf .git/modules/path_to_submodule

Move/Rename a submodule

Since git 1.8.5, git mv old/submod new/submod works as expected and does all the plumbing for you.

CVS (Concurrent Versions System)

CVS (Concurrent Versions System) is an old-school source control program.

Import from CVS

NOT WORKING

To import a CVS repository run:

git cvsimport -C target-repo -r cvs -k -vA authors-file.txt -d $CVSROOT module

or

git cvsimport -C target-repo -r cvs -k -o master -v -d :pserver:[email protected]:/cvsroot/path ModuleName

Where:

  • target-repo is the directory to keep my local copy of the repository.
  • cvs is the name to use for referencing the remote repository. For example, cvs/master, cvs/HEAD, etc.
  • authors-file.txt is the file that contains the matches between CVS account and Name+email, each line contains userid=User Name <useremail@hostname>
  • $CVSROOT is the CVS repository server. If importing anonymously from a SourceForge https://sourceforge.net project repository, then use: :pserver:anonymous@project_name.cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/project_name
  • module is the module inside of the repository to clone. If the repository has only one module, then likely will be the same as project_name.

Issues:

Could not start cvsps: No such file or directory

Example:

git cvsimport -C d20sharp.git-cvs -r cvs -k -v -d :pserver:[email protected]:/cvsroot/d20sharp d20sharp

SVN (Apache Subversion)

Import

git svn clone https://myproject.svn.codeplex.com MyProject.git-svn -s

-s = If your SVN repo follows standard naming convention where main source is in “trunk”, branches are created in “branches”.

I personally prefer to add the .git-svn extension to local repository directories to indicate the folder is a SVN mirror.

Issues:

Ran into this git svn clone issue:

> git svn clone https://quantitysystem.svn.codeplex.com/svn
...
> r31852 = 136be6269406386f72328af19ff177686d426252 (refs/remotes/git-svn)
          M   QuantitySystemSolution/QuantitySystem.Runtime/RuntimeTypes/QsMatrixOperations.cs
          M   QuantitySystemSolution/QuantitySystem.Runtime/RuntimeTypes/QsMatrix.cs
          M   QuantitySystemSolution/QuantitySystem.Runtime/Runtime/QsVar.cs
  QuantitySystemSolution/QuantitySystem.Runtime/Runtime/QsNamespace.cs was not found in commit 136be6269406386f72328af19ff177686d426252 (r31852)

To workaround the issue without spending too much time, I re-cloned the repository from the trouble commit forward:

> git svn clone -r31853:HEAD https://quantitysystem.svn.codeplex.com/svn QuantitySystem.git-svn

Or

> git svn clone -r 1:11 --stdlayout https://wtorrent-project.googlecode.com/svn/ wtorrent.git-svn
...  
> cd wtorrent.git-svn
> git svn fetch -r 15:HEAD

References

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