Differences in order of evaluation between Java and Python

order_of_eval.java

// This is actually a JShell script, because I am lazy

int c = 0;

int nxt() {
    c += 1;
    return c;
}

int l[] = {1, 2, 3, 4};

l[nxt()] = l[nxt()];

// The LHS is evaluated before the RHS.
// See https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se19/html/jls-15.html#jls-15.7
// l == {1, 3, 3, 4}

order_of_eval.py

c = 0

def nxt():
    global c
    c += 1
    return c

l = [1, 2, 3, 4]

l[nxt()] = l[nxt()]

# The RHS is evaluated before the LHS.
# See https://docs.python.org/3/reference/expressions.html#evaluation-order
# l == [1, 2, 2, 4]