bash.bashrc

# File: /etc/bash.bashrc

# System-wide .bashrc file for interactive bash(1) shells.

# To enable the settings / commands in this file for login shells as well,
# this file has to be sourced in /etc/profile.

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
if [[ -z "$PS1" ]]; then

  # check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
  # update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
  shopt -s checkwinsize

  # set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
  if [ -z "$debian_chroot" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
      debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
  fi

  # set a fancy prompt (non-color, overwrite the one in /etc/profile)
  PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '

  # Commented out, don't overwrite xterm -T "title" -n "icontitle" by default.
  # If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
  #case "$TERM" in
  #xterm*|rxvt*)
  #    PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033]0;${USER}@${HOSTNAME}: ${PWD}\007"'
  #    ;;
  #*)
  #    ;;
  #esac

  # enable bash completion in interactive shells
  #if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ] && ! shopt -oq posix; then
  #    . /etc/bash_completion
  #fi

  # sudo hint
  if [ ! -e "$HOME/.sudo_as_admin_successful" ]; then
      case " $(groups) " in *\ admin\ *)
      if [ -x /usr/bin/sudo ]; then
cat <<-EOF
  	To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
  	See "man sudo_root" for details.

EOF
      fi
      esac
  fi

  # if the command-not-found package is installed, use it
  if [ -x /usr/lib/command-not-found -o -x /usr/share/command-not-found ]; then
  	function command_not_found_handle {
  	        # check because c-n-f could've been removed in the meantime
                  if [ -x /usr/lib/command-not-found ]; then
  		   /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/command-not-found -- $1
                     return $?
                  elif [ -x /usr/share/command-not-found ]; then
  		   /usr/bin/python /usr/share/command-not-found -- $1
                     return $?
  		else
  		   return 127
  		fi
  	}
  fi
fi

set -o vi

# Load up RVM environment
[[ -s "/usr/local/lib/rvm" ]] && source "/usr/local/lib/rvm"

bashrc

# File: ~/.bashrc
#
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
if [[ -z "$PS1" ]] ; then
  # don't put duplicate lines in the history. See bash(1) for more options
  # ... or force ignoredups and ignorespace
  HISTCONTROL=ignoredups:ignorespace

  # append to the history file, don't overwrite it
  shopt -s histappend

  # for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
  HISTSIZE=1000
  HISTFILESIZE=2000

  # check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
  # update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
  shopt -s checkwinsize

  # make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
  [ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"

  # set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
  if [ -z "$debian_chroot" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
      debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
  fi

  # set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
  case "$TERM" in
      xterm-color) color_prompt=yes;;
  esac

  # uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
  # off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
  # should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
  #force_color_prompt=yes

  if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
      if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
  	# We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
  	# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
  	# a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
  	color_prompt=yes
      else
  	color_prompt=
      fi
  fi

  if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
      PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
  else
      PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
  fi
  unset color_prompt force_color_prompt

  # If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
  case "$TERM" in
  xterm*|rxvt*)
      PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1"
      ;;
  *)
      ;;
  esac

  # enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
  if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
      test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
      alias ls='ls --color=auto'
      #alias dir='dir --color=auto'
      #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

      alias grep='grep --color=auto'
      alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
      alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
  fi

  # some more ls aliases
  alias ll='ls -alF'
  alias la='ls -A'
  alias l='ls -CF'

  # Alias definitions.
  # You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
  # ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
  # See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.

  if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
      . ~/.bash_aliases
  fi

  # enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
  # this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
  # sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
  #if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ] && ! shopt -oq posix; then
  #    . /etc/bash_completion
  #fi
fi

config.ru

# File: /web_apps/example_rack_app/config.ru

use Rack::ContentLength

app = lambda { |env| [200, { 'Content-Type' => 'text/html' }, 'Hello World'] }
run app

example_rack_app

# File: /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/example_rack_app

# Mostly yanked from:
# http://bit.ly/nginx-unicorn-setup

upstream example-rack-app {
  # fail_timeout=0 means we always retry an upstream even if it failed
  # to return a good HTTP response (in case the Unicorn master nukes a
  # single worker for timing out).
  server unix:/tmp/example_rack_app.socket fail_timeout=0;
}

server {
  listen       80 default;

  #charset koi8-r;

  root /web_apps/example_rack_app;
  access_log /var/log/nginx/example_rack_app-access.log;
  error_log /var/log/nginx/example_rack_app-error.log;
  rewrite_log on;

  location / {
    proxy_pass http://example-rack-app;
    proxy_redirect     off;

    proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
    proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

    client_max_body_size       10m;
    client_body_buffer_size    128k;

    proxy_connect_timeout      90;
    proxy_send_timeout         90;
    proxy_read_timeout         90;

    proxy_buffer_size          4k;
    proxy_buffers              4 32k;
    proxy_busy_buffers_size    64k;
    proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

    index  index.html index.htm;
  }

  # if the request is for a static resource, nginx should serve it directly
  # and add a far future expires header to it, making the browser
  # cache the resource and navigate faster over the website
  location ~ ^/(images|javascripts|stylesheets|system)/  {
    root /web_apps/example_app;
    expires max;
    break;
  }

  #error_page  404              /404.html;

  # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
  #
  error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
}

example_rack_app_unicorn.conf

# File: /etc/monit/conf.d/example_rack_app_unicorn.conf

check process unicorn
  with pidfile /web_apps/example_rack_app/pids/unicorn.pid
  start program = "/etc/init.d/unicorn start"
  stop program = "/etc/init.d/unicorn stop"
  group unicorn

monit-nginx.conf

# File: /etc/monit/conf.d/nginx.conf

check process nginx
  with pidfile /var/run/nginx.pid
  start program = "/etc/init.d/nginx start"
  stop program = "/etc/init.d/nginx stop"
  group nginx

monitrc

# File: /etc/monit/monitrc


###############################################################################
## Monit control file
###############################################################################
##
## Comments begin with a '#' and extend through the end of the line. Keywords
## are case insensitive. All path's MUST BE FULLY QUALIFIED, starting with '/'.
##
## Below you will find examples of some frequently used statements. For
## information about the control file and a complete list of statements and
## options, please have a look in the Monit manual.
##
##
###############################################################################
## Global section
###############################################################################
##
## Start Monit in the background (run as a daemon):
#
set daemon  60              # check services at 2-minute intervals
#     with start delay 240  # optional: delay the first check by 4-minutes (by
#                           # default Monit check immediately after Monit start)
#
#
## Set syslog logging with the 'daemon' facility. If the FACILITY option is
## omitted, Monit will use 'user' facility by default. If you want to log to
## a standalone log file instead, specify the full path to the log file
#
set logfile syslog facility log_daemon
#
#
### Set the location of the Monit id file which stores the unique id for the
### Monit instance. The id is generated and stored on first Monit start. By
### default the file is placed in $HOME/.monit.id.
#
# set idfile /var/.monit.id
#
### Set the location of the Monit state file which saves monitoring states
### on each cycle. By default the file is placed in $HOME/.monit.state. If
### the state file is stored on a persistent filesystem, Monit will recover
### the monitoring state across reboots. If it is on temporary filesystem, the
### state will be lost on reboot which may be convenient in some situations.
#
# set statefile /var/.monit.state
#
## Set the list of mail servers for alert delivery. Multiple servers may be
## specified using a comma separator. By default Monit uses port 25 - it is
## possible to override this with the PORT option.
#
# set mailserver mail.bar.baz,               # primary mailserver
#                backup.bar.baz port 10025,  # backup mailserver on port 10025
#                localhost                   # fallback relay
#
#
## By default Monit will drop alert events if no mail servers are available.
## If you want to keep the alerts for later delivery retry, you can use the
## EVENTQUEUE statement. The base directory where undelivered alerts will be
## stored is specified by the BASEDIR option. You can limit the maximal queue
## size using the SLOTS option (if omitted, the queue is limited by space
## available in the back end filesystem).
#
# set eventqueue
#     basedir /var/monit  # set the base directory where events will be stored
#     slots 100           # optionally limit the queue size
#
#
## Send status and events to M/Monit (for more informations about M/Monit
## see http://mmonit.com/).
#
# set mmonit http://monit:[email protected]:8080/collector
#
#
## Monit by default uses the following alert mail format:
##
## --8<--
## From: monit@$HOST                         # sender
## Subject: monit alert --  $EVENT $SERVICE  # subject
##
## $EVENT Service $SERVICE                   #
##                                           #
## 	Date:        $DATE                   #
## 	Action:      $ACTION                 #
## 	Host:        $HOST                   # body
## 	Description: $DESCRIPTION            #
##                                           #
## Your faithful employee,                   #
## Monit                                     #
## --8<--
##
## You can override this message format or parts of it, such as subject
## or sender using the MAIL-FORMAT statement. Macros such as $DATE, etc.
## are expanded at runtime. For example, to override the sender, use:
#
# set mail-format { from: [email protected] }
#
#
## You can set alert recipients whom will receive alerts if/when a
## service defined in this file has errors. Alerts may be restricted on
## events by using a filter as in the second example below.
#
# set alert [email protected]                       # receive all alerts
# set alert [email protected] only on { timeout }  # receive just service-
#                                                # timeout alert
#
#
## Monit has an embedded web server which can be used to view status of
## services monitored and manage services from a web interface. See the
## Monit Wiki if you want to enable SSL for the web server.
#
# set httpd port 2812 and
#     use address localhost  # only accept connection from localhost
#     allow localhost        # allow localhost to connect to the server and
#     allow admin:monit      # require user 'admin' with password 'monit'
#     allow @monit           # allow users of group 'monit' to connect (rw)
#     allow @users readonly  # allow users of group 'users' to connect readonly
#
#
###############################################################################
## Services
###############################################################################
##
## Check general system resources such as load average, cpu and memory
## usage. Each test specifies a resource, conditions and the action to be
## performed should a test fail.
#
#  check system myhost.mydomain.tld
#    if loadavg (1min) > 4 then alert
#    if loadavg (5min) > 2 then alert
#    if memory usage > 75% then alert
#    if cpu usage (user) > 70% then alert
#    if cpu usage (system) > 30% then alert
#    if cpu usage (wait) > 20% then alert
#
#
## Check a file for existence, checksum, permissions, uid and gid. In addition
## to alert recipients in the global section, customized alert can be sent to
## additional recipients by specifying a local alert handler. The service may
## be grouped using the GROUP option. More than one group can be specified by
## repeating the 'group name' statement.
#
#  check file apache_bin with path /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
#    if failed checksum and
#       expect the sum 8f7f419955cefa0b33a2ba316cba3659 then unmonitor
#    if failed permission 755 then unmonitor
#    if failed uid root then unmonitor
#    if failed gid root then unmonitor
#    alert [email protected] on {
#           checksum, permission, uid, gid, unmonitor
#        } with the mail-format { subject: Alarm! }
#    group server
#
#
## Check that a process is running, in this case Apache, and that it respond
## to HTTP and HTTPS requests. Check its resource usage such as cpu and memory,
## and number of children. If the process is not running, Monit will restart
## it by default. In case the service is restarted very often and the
## problem remains, it is possible to disable monitoring using the TIMEOUT
## statement. This service depends on another service (apache_bin) which
## is defined above.
#
#  check process apache with pidfile /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid
#    start program = "/etc/init.d/httpd start" with timeout 60 seconds
#    stop program  = "/etc/init.d/httpd stop"
#    if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert
#    if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart
#    if totalmem > 200.0 MB for 5 cycles then restart
#    if children > 250 then restart
#    if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 8 cycles then stop
#    if failed host www.tildeslash.com port 80 protocol http
#       and request "/somefile.html"
#       then restart
#    if failed port 443 type tcpssl protocol http
#       with timeout 15 seconds
#       then restart
#    if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
#    depends on apache_bin
#    group server
#
#
## Check filesystem permissions, uid, gid, space and inode usage. Other services,
## such as databases, may depend on this resource and an automatically graceful
## stop may be cascaded to them before the filesystem will become full and data
## lost.
#
#  check filesystem datafs with path /dev/sdb1
#    start program  = "/bin/mount /data"
#    stop program  = "/bin/umount /data"
#    if failed permission 660 then unmonitor
#    if failed uid root then unmonitor
#    if failed gid disk then unmonitor
#    if space usage > 80% for 5 times within 15 cycles then alert
#    if space usage > 99% then stop
#    if inode usage > 30000 then alert
#    if inode usage > 99% then stop
#    group server
#
#
## Check a file's timestamp. In this example, we test if a file is older
## than 15 minutes and assume something is wrong if its not updated. Also,
## if the file size exceed a given limit, execute a script
#
#  check file database with path /data/mydatabase.db
#    if failed permission 700 then alert
#    if failed uid data then alert
#    if failed gid data then alert
#    if timestamp > 15 minutes then alert
#    if size > 100 MB then exec "/my/cleanup/script" as uid dba and gid dba
#
#
## Check directory permission, uid and gid.  An event is triggered if the
## directory does not belong to the user with uid 0 and gid 0.  In addition,
## the permissions have to match the octal description of 755 (see chmod(1)).
#
#  check directory bin with path /bin
#    if failed permission 755 then unmonitor
#    if failed uid 0 then unmonitor
#    if failed gid 0 then unmonitor
#
#
## Check a remote host availability by issuing a ping test and check the
## content of a response from a web server. Up to three pings are sent and
## connection to a port and an application level network check is performed.
#
#  check host myserver with address 192.168.1.1
#    if failed icmp type echo count 3 with timeout 3 seconds then alert
#    if failed port 3306 protocol mysql with timeout 15 seconds then alert
#    if failed url http://user:[email protected]:8080/?querystring
#       and content == 'action="j_security_check"'
#       then alert
#
#
###############################################################################
## Includes
###############################################################################
##
## It is possible to include additional configuration parts from other files or
## directories.
#

include /etc/monit/conf.d/*

nginx

#! /bin/sh

# File: /etc/init.d/nginx

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description:       starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO

PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
NAME=nginx
DESC=nginx

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

# Include nginx defaults if available
if [ -f /etc/default/nginx ] ; then
        . /etc/default/nginx
fi

set -e

case "$1" in
  start)
        echo -n "Starting $DESC: "
        start-stop-daemon --start --exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_OPTS
        echo "$NAME."
        ;;
  stop)
        echo -n "Stopping $DESC: "
        start-stop-daemon --stop --pidfile /var/run/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON
        echo "$NAME."
        ;;
  restart|force-reload)
        echo -n "Restarting $DESC: "
        start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile /var/run/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON
        sleep 1
        start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_OPTS
        echo "$NAME."
        ;;
  reload)
          echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration: "
          start-stop-daemon --stop --signal HUP --quiet --pidfile /var/run/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON
          echo "$NAME."
          ;;
  configtest)
          echo "Verifying the $DESC configuration:"
          echo "----------------------------------"
          $DAEMON -t
          echo "----------------------------------"
          echo "Done!"
          ;;
      *)
            N=/etc/init.d/$NAME
            echo "Usage: $N {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" >&2
            exit 1
            ;;
    esac

    exit 0

nginx.conf

# File: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    tcp_nopush on; # off may be better for *some* Comet/long-poll stuff
    tcp_nodelay off; # on may be better for some Comet/long-poll stuff

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip on;
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_min_length 500;
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
    gzip_types text/plain text/xml text/css text/comma-separated-values text/javascript application/x-javascript application/atom+xml;

    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}

unicorn

#! /bin/sh

# File: /etc/init.d/unicorn

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          unicorn
# Required-Start:    $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the unicorn web server
# Description:       starts unicorn
### END INIT INFO

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/local/rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/bin/unicorn
DAEMON_OPTS="-c /web_apps/example_rack_app/unicorn.rb -E production -D"
NAME=unicorn
DESC="Unicorn app for example_rack_app"
PID=/web_apps/example_rack_app/pids/unicorn.pid

case "$1" in
  start)
	echo -n "Starting $DESC: "
	$DAEMON $DAEMON_OPTS
	echo "$NAME."
	;;
  stop)
	echo -n "Stopping $DESC: "
        kill -QUIT `cat $PID`
	echo "$NAME."
	;;
  restart)
	echo -n "Restarting $DESC: "
        kill -QUIT `cat $PID`
	sleep 1
	$DAEMON $DAEMON_OPTS
	echo "$NAME."
	;;
  reload)
        echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration: "
        kill -HUP `cat $PID`
        echo "$NAME."
        ;;
  *)
	echo "Usage: $NAME {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2
	exit 1
	;;
esac

exit 0

unicorn.rb

# File: /web_apps/example_rack_app/unicorn.rb
#
# See http://unicorn.bogomips.org/Unicorn/Configurator.html for complete
# documentation.
app_dir = "/web_apps/example_rack_app"
worker_processes 4
working_directory app_dir

# listen on both a Unix domain socket and a TCP port,
# we use a shorter backlog for quicker failover when busy
listen "/tmp/example_rack_app.socket", :backlog => 64

# nuke workers after 30 seconds instead of 60 seconds (the default)
timeout 30

# feel free to point this anywhere accessible on the filesystem
user 'nginx', 'www-data'

pid "#{app_dir}/pids/unicorn.pid"
stderr_path "#{app_dir}/log/unicorn.stderr.log"
stdout_path "#{app_dir}/log/unicorn.stdout.log"