Example of creating HKObserverQuery and enabling background delivery for multiple HKObjectType

AppDelegate.swift

@UIApplicationMain
final class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
  let healthKitManager = HealthKitManager()
  
  func application(application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject: AnyObject]?) -> Bool {
    if onboardingComplete {
      healthKitManager.requestAccessWithCompletion() { success, error in
        if success { print("HealthKit access granted") }
        else { print("Error requesting access to HealthKit: \(error)") }
      }
    }
    
    return true
  }
}

FirstViewControllerAfterOnboardingFlow.swift

final class FirstViewControllerAfterOnboardingFlow: UIViewController {
  let healthKitManager = HealthKitManager()
  
  override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
    super.viewDidAppear(animated)
  
    onboardingComplete = true
    healthKitManager.requestAccessWithCompletion() { success, error in
      if success { print("HealthKit access granted") }
      else { print("Error requesting access to HealthKit: \(error)") }
    }
  }
}

HealthKitManager+Background.swift

typealias AccessRequestCallback = (success: Bool, error: NSError?) -> Void

/// Helper for reading and writing to HealthKit.
class HealthKitManager {
	private let healthStore = HKHealthStore()

	/// Requests access to all the data types the app wishes to read/write from HealthKit.
	/// On success, data is queried immediately and observer queries are set up for background
	/// delivery. This is safe to call repeatedly and should be called at least once per launch.
	func requestAccessWithCompletion(completion: AccessRequestCallback) {
		guard deviceSupportsHealthKit() else {
			debugPrint("Can't request access to HealthKit when it's not supported on the device.")
			return
		}

		let writeDataTypes = dataTypesToWrite()
		let readDataTypes = dataTypesToRead()

		healthStore.requestAuthorizationToShareTypes(writeDataTypes, readTypes: readDataTypes) { [weak self] (success: Bool, error: NSError?) in
			guard let strongSelf = self else { return }
			if success {
				debugPrint("Access to HealthKit data has been granted")
				strongSelf.readHealthKitData()
				strongSelf.setUpBackgroundDeliveryForDataTypes(readDataTypes)
			} else {
				debugPrint("Error requesting HealthKit authorization: \(error)")
			}

			dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
				completion(success: success, error: error)
			}
		}
	}
}

// MARK: - Private
private extension HealthKitManager {
	/// Initiates an `HKAnchoredObjectQuery` for each type of data that the app reads and stores
	/// the result as well as the new anchor.
	func readHealthKitData() { /* ... */ }

	/// Sets up the observer queries for background health data delivery.
	///
	/// - parameter types: Set of `HKObjectType` to observe changes to.
	private func setUpBackgroundDeliveryForDataTypes(types: Set<HKObjectType>) {
		for type in types {
			guard let sampleType = type as? HKSampleType else { print("ERROR: \(type) is not an HKSampleType"); continue }
			let query = HKObserverQuery(sampleType: sampleType, predicate: nil) { [weak self] (query: HKObserverQuery, completionHandler: HKObserverQueryCompletionHandler, error: NSError?) in
				debugPrint("observer query update handler called for type \(type), error: \(error)")
				guard let strongSelf = self else { return }
				strongSelf.queryForUpdates(type)
				completionHandler()
			}
			healthStore.executeQuery(query)
			healthStore.enableBackgroundDeliveryForType(type, frequency: .Immediate) { (success: Bool, error: NSError?) in
				debugPrint("enableBackgroundDeliveryForType handler called for \(type) - success: \(success), error: \(error)")
			}
		}
	}

	/// Initiates HK queries for new data based on the given type
	///
	/// - parameter type: `HKObjectType` which has new data avilable.
	private func queryForUpdates(type: HKObjectType) {
		switch type {
		case HKObjectType.characteristicTypeForIdentifier(HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierDateOfBirth)!:
			debugPrint("HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierDateOfBirth") // not currently supported rdar://22221216
		case HKObjectType.characteristicTypeForIdentifier(HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierBiologicalSex)!:
			debugPrint("HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierBiologicalSex")	// not currently supported rdar://22221216
		case HKObjectType.quantityTypeForIdentifier(HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass)!:
			debugPrint("HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass")
		case HKObjectType.quantityTypeForIdentifier(HKQuantityTypeIdentifierHeight)!:
			debugPrint("HKQuantityTypeIdentifierHeight")
		case is HKWorkoutType:
			debugPrint("HKWorkoutType")
		default: debugPrint("Unhandled HKObjectType: \(type)")
		}
	}

	/// Types of data that this app wishes to read from HealthKit.
	///
	/// - returns: A set of HKObjectType.
	private func dataTypesToRead() -> Set<HKObjectType> {
			return Set(arrayLiteral:
					HKObjectType.characteristicTypeForIdentifier(HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierDateOfBirth)!,
					HKObjectType.characteristicTypeForIdentifier(HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierBiologicalSex)!,
					HKObjectType.quantityTypeForIdentifier(HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass)!,
					HKObjectType.quantityTypeForIdentifier(HKQuantityTypeIdentifierHeight)!,
					HKObjectType.workoutType()
		)
	}

	/// Types of data that this app wishes to write to HealthKit.
	///
	/// - returns: A set of HKSampleType.
	private func dataTypesToWrite() -> Set<HKSampleType> {
			return Set(arrayLiteral:
					HKObjectType.quantityTypeForIdentifier(HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass)!,
					HKObjectType.quantityTypeForIdentifier(HKQuantityTypeIdentifierHeight)!,
					HKObjectType.workoutType()
			)
	}
}

LICENSE.md

Copyright (c) 2016 Ben Chatelain

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.