A giant ball of yarn containing notes on how to set up Debian/KDE Linux, with tips on useful software and commands.
setfont /usr/share/consolefonts/Lat7-Terminus28x14.psf
or, more permanently, change /etc/default/console-setup:
CHARMAP="UTF-8"
CODESET="Lat7"
FONTFACE="Terminus"
FONTSIZE="28x14"
First, we look for our default output and put its sink name in $DEFAULT_OUTPUT:
$ pacmd list-sinks | grep -A1 "* index"
* index: 1
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
$ DEFAULT_OUTPUT=$(pacmd list-sinks | grep -A1 "* index" | grep -oP "<\K[^ >]+")
$ echo $DEFAULT_OUTPUT
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
Then, we create a combined sink that has only one slave: $DEFAULT_OUTPUT. The sound generated by the app (source) will be forwarded to the slave sink (ie. real output), and we'll also record it. It is different than a null sink where the source sound is not forwarded.
$ pactl load-module module-combine-sink \
sink_name=record-n-play slaves=$DEFAULT_OUTPUT \
sink_properties=device.description="Record-and-Play"
Then, we play some sound in the app we want to record. In pavucontrol Playback tab, we select in the app dropdown list: "Record-and-Play".
Finally, we're good to record and listen at the same time! (lame mp3 example, run in foreground)
$ parec --format=s16le -d record-n-play.monitor | \
lame -r --quiet -q 3 --lowpass 17 --abr 192 - "temp.mp3"
To be able to listen to the sound from several "real" interfaces (eg headphones, HDMI output, etc...), we should include all "real" outputs that we may use to listen, as record-n-play slink slaves, like: pactl load-module module-combine-sink sink_name=record-n-play slaves=real-output-1,real-output-2.
Beware, since Ubuntu 18 (maybe 17 too), the combined sink tends to become the default system output device, instead of the real output device. So when you change the volume using the sound icon in the system tray it impacts your record sound. Workaround: After creating the combined sink, open pavucontrol in Output tab. Select "View: Virtual Output Devices" and reset the sound volume of the combined sink to 100%. Then select "View: Hardware Output Devices" and press the green icon "Define as alternative" on the real output device.
Mess up? Use pulseaudio -k.
mkdir -p make/new/directory
cd !$
Alt + . to skip back command history
Use lddtree instead of ldd:
sudo apt install pax-utils
Insert the following into .bashrc, the result looks something like "john@betelgeuse:/tmp/nmap-7.91 (🔀master) :) $"
# The various escape codes that we can use to color our prompt.
RED="\033[0;31m"
YELLOW="\033[1;33m"
GREEN="\033[0;32m"
BLUE="\[\033[1;34m\]"
LIGHT_RED="\[\033[1;31m\]"
LIGHT_GREEN="\[\033[1;32m\]"
WHITE="\[\033[1;37m\]"
LIGHT_GRAY="\[\033[0;37m\]"
COLOR_NONE="\e[0m"
elite() {
# grab exit code before doing anything else; save to a temporary variable
if [[ $? -gt 0 ]]; then
RETCODE=1
else
RETCODE=0
fi
# Capture the output of the "git status" command.
git_status="$(git status 2> /dev/null)"
# Set color based on clean/staged/dirty.
if [[ ${git_status} =~ "working tree clean" ]]; then
state="${GREEN}"
elif [[ ${git_status} =~ "Changes to be committed" ]]; then
state="${YELLOW}"
else
state="${YELLOW}"
fi
# Set arrow icon based on status against remote.
remote_pattern="# Your branch is (ahead|behind)+"
if [[ ${git_status} =~ ${remote_pattern} ]]; then
if [[ ${BASH_REMATCH[1]} == "ahead" ]]; then
remote="↑"
else
remote="↓"
fi
else
remote=""
fi
diverge_pattern="# Your branch and (.*) have diverged"
if [[ ${git_status} =~ ${diverge_pattern} ]]; then
remote="↕"
fi
# Get the name of the branch.
branch=`git branch 2> /dev/null | sed -e '/^[^*]/d' -e 's/* \(.*\)/\1/'`
# Set the final branch string.
if [[ -n $branch ]]; then
printf "${state}(🔀${branch})${remote}${COLOR_NONE} ";
fi
if [[ $RETCODE -gt 0 ]]; then
printf "\033[01;31m:(";
else
printf "\033[01;32m:)";
fi
}
WHITE="\[\033[1;29m\]"
LIGHT_BLUE="\[\033[1;34m\]"
NO_COLOUR="\[\033[0m\]"
HAPPY_SAD_EXIT_CODE="\$(if [[ \$? -gt 0 ]]; then printf \"\\[\\033[01;31m\\]:(\"; else printf \"\\[\\033[01;32m\\]:)\"; fi)"
BRANCH="\$(if [[ git branch --show-current -gt 0 ]]; then printf \"\"; else printf `git branch --show-current`; printf \"\\[\\033[01;32m\\]:)\"; fi)"
set_prompt_symbol $?
# Set the BRANCH variable.
if is_git_repository ; then
set_git_branch
else
BRANCH=''
fi
# Set the bash prompt variable.
export PS1="$WHITE\u@\h$NO_COLOUR:\w \$(elite) $LIGHT_BLUE\$$NO_COLOUR "
test:
less /proc/bus/input/devices
to see if your device is listed or try
cat /dev/input/event? # replace ? with the event numbers
test:
sudo libinput-debug-events
Multihead: first do xinput --list. Then:
xinput --map-to-output 'Serial Wacom Tablet WACf004 stylus' LVDS1
xinput --map-to-output 'Serial Wacom Tablet WACf004 eraser' LVDS1
Restart touchscreen:
sudo rmmod hid_multitouch && sudo modprobe hid_multitouch
Delay: 250 ms Rate: 40/s
sudo apt install qt5ct
qt5ct
300 ms
exec su -l $USER
/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc
Download and run the generic linux installer script.
vboxversion=$(wget -qO - https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/LATEST.TXT)
wget "https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/${vboxversion}/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-${vboxversion}.vbox-extpack"
sudo vboxmanage extpack install --replace Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-${vboxversion}.vbox-extpack
sudo adduser $USER vboxusers
taskset --cpu-list 0,1,2,3 my_binary
echo "90" | sudo tee /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/charge_stop_threshold
Add this to init script.
Edit /usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.desktopcontainment/contents/ui/main.qml, find function updateGridSize (at line ~100) and change LayoutManager.cellSize.width and height to 1.
The script you want to call when the lid opens or closes has to be stored and +x in /etc/acpi/lid.sh.
Then there has to be created the correct file /etc/acpi/events/lm_lid with the content as follows:
event=button/lid.*
action=/etc/acpi/lid.sh
Reboot your system to let this take effect. Or maybe it is enough to restart your ACPI using
sudo /etc/init.d/acpid restart
#!/bin/bash
#echo "lid event recorded" >> /tmp/kbbl.log.txt
grep -q open /proc/acpi/button/lid/*/state
if [ $? = 0 ]; then
#echo "turning on keyboard backlight" >> /tmp/kbbl.log.txt
echo 2 | tee "/sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/leds/tpacpi::kbd_backlight/brightness"
fi
grep -q close /proc/acpi/button/lid/*/state
if [ $? = 0 ]; then
#echo "turning off keyboard backlight" >> /tmp/kbbl.log.txt
echo 0 | tee "/sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/leds/tpacpi::kbd_backlight/brightness"
fi
Start on boot:
sudo systemctl enable acpid
echo 2 | sudo tee "/sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/leds/tpacpi::kbd_backlight/brightness"
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/sleep.target.wants/keyboard-backlight.service
[Unit]
Description=Switch on keyboard backlight after resume
After=suspend.target
After=hibernate.target
After=hybrid-sleep.target
[Service]
ExecStart=echo 2 | sudo tee "/sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/leds/tpacpi::kbd_backlight/brightness"
[Install]
WantedBy=suspend.target
WantedBy=hibernate.target
WantedBy=hybrid-sleep.target
Edit /etc/inputrc
sudo smartctl -iAa /dev/nvme0
ThinkFan - control fan speeds
Touchpad config:
look for devices:
$ cat /proc/bus/input/devices
...
I: Bus=0011 Vendor=0002 Product=0007 Version=01b1
N: Name="SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad"
P: Phys=isa0060/serio1/input0
S: Sysfs=/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input10
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=mouse2 event16
B: PROP=5
B: EV=b
B: KEY=e520 10000 0 0 0 0
B: ABS=660800011000003
...
Put in /etc/X11/xorg.conf:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Evdev Mouse"
Driver "evdev"
Option "Name" "SynPS/2 Synaptics Touchpad"
Option "evBits" "+1-2"
Option "keyBits" "~272-287"
Option "relBits" "~0-2 ~6 ~8"
Option "Pass" "3"
EndSection
Check:
xinput list-props 14
where e.g. 14 is event14, the device ID.
Swap physical left/right buttons?
xinput set-prop "$(xinput list --name-only | grep -i 'trackpoint')" "libinput Left Handed Enabled" 1
e.g. on external mouse:
xinput set-button-map "Logitech USB Optical Mouse" 1 2 3 &
Refs:
sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades
apt-get install indicator-cpufreq
N.B. consider disabling turbo boost for lower operating temp/battery longevity.
sudo cpufreq-set --governor powersave
Find current max clock freq:
sudo tlp-stat -p | grep 'scaling_max_freq'
Extreme: disable cores (saves about 1W per core)
echo 0 | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/online
https://gist.github.com/zoqaeski/3880640
Put the following in ~/.keyboard_remap, then source the file.
Replace sed line to grab the correct device.
remote_id=$(
xinput list |
sed -n 's/.*AT.*id=\([0-9]*\).*keyboard.*/\1/p'
)
[ "$remote_id" ] || exit
# remap the following keys, only for my custom vintage atari joystick connected
# through an old USB keyboard:
#
# keypad 5 -> keypad 6
# . -> keypad 2
# [ -> keypad 8
# left shift -> left control
mkdir -p /tmp/xkb/symbols
# This is a name for the file, it could be anything you
# want. For us, we'll name it "custom". This is important
# later.
#
# The KP_* come from /usr/include/X11/keysymdef.h
# Also note the name, "remote" is there in the stanza
# definition.
cat >/tmp/xkb/symbols/custom <<\EOF
xkb_symbols "remote" {
key <PGUP> { [ KP_Home ] };
key <PGDN> { [ KP_End ] };
key <INS> { [ KP_Prior ] };
key <DELE> { [ KP_Next ] };
key <HOME> { [ KP_Insert ] };
key <END> {
type= "PC_ALT_LEVEL2",
symbols[Group1]= [ Print, Sys_Req ]
};
# key <END> { [ KP_Print ] };
key <PRSC> { [ KP_Delete ] };
# key <PGDN> { [ KP_Down, KP_2, U2193, U21D3 ] };
# key <AD12> { [ KP_Up, KP_8, U2191, U21D1 ] };
# key <LFSH> { [ Control_L ] };
};
EOF
# (1) We list our current definition
# (2) Modify it to have a keyboard mapping using the name
# we used above, in this case it's the "remote" definition
# described in the file named "custom" which we specify in
# this world as "custom(remote)".
# (3) Now we take that as input back into our definition of the
# keyboard. This includes the file we just made, read in last,
# so as to override any prior definitions. Importantly we
# need to include the directory of the place we placed the file
# to be considered when reading things in.
#
# Also notice that we aren't including exactly the
# directory we specified above. In this case, it will be looking
# for a directory structure similar to /usr/share/X11/xkb
#
# What we provided was a "symbols" file. That's why above we put
# the file into a "symbols" directory, which is not being included
# below.
setxkbmap -device $remote_id -print \
| sed 's/\(xkb_symbols.*\)"/\1+custom(remote)"/' \
| xkbcomp -I/tmp/xkb -i $remote_id -synch - $DISPLAY 2>/dev/null
#Remap right-hand side keys to (from top to bottom): Home/PgUp/PgDn/End:
xmodmap -e "keycode 117 = End"
xmodmap -e "keycode 115 = Prior"
xmodmap -e "keycode 112 = Next"XXX add ID here of laptop keyboard so that external USB keyboard is not munged. Which ID? Find using xinput list. e.g. xmodmap 11
$ xinput list
⎡ Virtual core pointer id=2 [master pointer (3)]
⎜ ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer id=4 [slave pointer (2)]
⎜ ↳ ELAN Touchscreen id=13 [slave pointer (2)]
⎜ ↳ Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:101a id=15 [slave pointer (2)]
⎜ ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad id=12 [slave pointer (2)]
⎜ ↳ Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:4002 id=17 [slave pointer (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard id=3 [master keyboard (2)]
↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard id=5 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ Power Button id=6 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ Video Bus id=7 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ Video Bus id=8 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ Power Button id=9 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ Ideapad extra buttons id=10 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard id=11 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ Lenovo EasyCamera id=14 [slave keyboard (3)]
↳ VIA Technologies Inc. USB Audio Device id=16 [slave keyboard (3)]
To check whether you have the right device:
$ xinput test ID
where ID is the numerical ID of the device to test.
Then, remap:
$ xmodmap
N.B automate this on startup by putting this in ~/Xmodmap:
keycode 117 = End
keycode 115 = Prior
keycode 112 = Next
keycode 225 = Pointer_Button2
keycode 94 = Pointer_Button2
keycode 135 = Multi_key
Put in ~/.xinitrc the following:
xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap
If the file does not exist, create it. N.B see also /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d. Files here will be iterated ascending.
Refs:
Configure middle mouse button: OPTION 1 (using console)
sudo apt-get install xkbset
xkbset m
xkbset exp =m
OPTION 2 (using GUI)
KDE System Settings -> Keyboard & Mouse -> Mouse -> Mouse Navigation -> Check "Move pointer with keyboard (using the num pad)"
previous two commands enable mouse button emulation. Now you can:
keycode 225 = Pointer_Button2
keycode 94 = Pointer_Button2
Configure extra mouse buttons:
sudo apt-get install xbindkeys xautomation
bindkeys --defaults > $HOME/.xbindkeysrc
keycode 225 = Pointer_Button2
Desktop shortcuts: add a widget 'folder view' and point it to ~/Desktop. Navigate to ~/Desktop with Dolphin, and create a new link to the application and give it a nice icon. Put icons in e.g. ~/Desktop/.icons
vboxmanage list vms
vboxmanage setextradata "Windows8" VBoxInternal/CPUM/CMPXCHG16B 1
Furthermore, enable PAE address extensions, do not exable EFI.
pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload
set flat volume to no in /etc/pulse/daemon.conf
Disable wireless card power management:
sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off
Scan available networks from the command line:
nmcli dev wifi
Restart networking:
systemctl restart NetworkManager
unshare -nr <program>
e.g.
$ unshare -n ping 127.0.0.1
connect: Network is unreachable
Exclude programs (e.g. qmmp) from task switcher/alt-tab: go into KDE's Window Rules and set up a rule there.
System tools:
- duf (disk free space utility; https://github.com/muesli/duf/releases)
- ncdu (analyses hierarchically how much space is being used, akin to WinDirStat)
- iotop-c (system monitoring)
- lsd (ls replacement; https://github.com/Peltoche/lsd/releases)
- Logitech Unifying Receiver: use solaar
- lsblk (scan for all block devices)
- opensnitch (firewall)
GUI/X tools:
- klipper (clipboard tool)
- spectacle (screenshots)
- speedcrunch (desktop calculator)
- meld, kdiff3 (diff/file comparison)
- zbarimg (Read QR codes)
- potrace (Transforming bitmaps into vector graphics)
Image viewer:
-
gthumb
-
geeqie
-
irfanview (via Wine)
Put this in ~/.wine/launch_irfanview.sh:
#!/bin/sh wine "/home/archels/.wine/drive_c/Program Files (x86)/IrfanView/i_view32.exe" "Z:\$(echo "$@" | sed 's///\/g')" $@
Don't forget to chmod +x. Then go to KDE File Associations and enter the script name/location followed by %f.
For multitouch gesture recognition:
- touchegg
For terminal battery info:
- powertop
- upower (
upower --show-info /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT1)
Temperature info:
- sensors (
sudo apt-get install lm-sensors ; sensors): temperature sensors (CPU, motherboard, ...)
Firewall:
- gufw
Network activity statistics:
- iftop
- netstat (
sudo netstat -tupW)
HDF5:
- hdfcompass: visualisation/exploration
Python:
- bandit (static checker)
Editors:
- hex editor: ???
- PDF editing toolds: pdftk, cpdf
- MS Office 2007: install using win32 configuration. Add exception for DLL in winecfg. Windows cannot be maximized: see https://forum.winehq.org/viewtopic.php?t=20006
For video:
- player: VLC
- broadcasting: OBS Project
- for editing: kdenlive, shotcut
xclock -digital -strftime "%b %d / %H:%M:%S" -font -schumacher-clean------160------* -norender -geometry 150x30 -update 1 -bg "white" -padding 0
-
FreeCAD: using AppImage for version 0.17. Known issue with SVG geometry import: use older version of libexpat1
sudo dpkg -i ~/temp/libexpat1_2.1.0-7_amd64.deb /home/archels/temp/libexpat1_2.1.0-7_i386.deb
Download from http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/e/expat/
Internets
- FireFox
-
Per-tab zoom setting: set
browser.zoom.siteSpecificto false.This seemed like a good idea at the time but was actually kindof annoying.
-
Sane scrollbars (disable collapsing/auto-hiding/disappearing toolbars until you mouse hover over them)
set
widget.non-native-theme.scrollbar.stylein about:config to 4. -
Scrollbars custom CSS (put into
userContent.css::root{ scrollbar-face-color: rgb(210,210,255) !important; /* Firefox 63 compatibility */ scrollbar-track-color: rgb(46,54,69) !important; /* Firefox 63 compatibility */ scrollbar-color: rgb(210,210,255) rgb(46,54,69) !important; scrollbar-width: 20px !important; } * { scrollbar-width: 20px !important } -
Tab style custom CSS (put into
userChrome.css):.tabbrowser-tab[selected="true"] { font-weight: bold !important; } .tab-background[selected=false] { background-color: #cccccc !important; } .tab-background[selected=true] { background-color: #eeeeee !important; } tab:not([selected="true"]) { background-color: #cccccc !important; } tab:hover { background-color: #ffffff !important; /* background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(102,51,102,.85), rgba(102,51,102,.85) 50%), linear-gradient(-moz-dialog, -moz-dialog) !important; */ }
-
Meta + T toggle window always on top Meta + A toggle window on all desktops Meta + D show desktop Meta + C calculator application Meta + G unicode symbol table (KCharSelect) Meta + K Keepass Meta + E File Explorer (Krusader) Meta + R Run command (krunner) Meta + [space] minimize active window Meta + [Backspace] close window Meta + [ previous clipboard item Meta + ] next clipboard item Meta + - decrease window opacity Meta + + increase window opacity Meta + F1..F4 change to desktop Meta + Shift + F1..F4 move window to desktop Meta + Shift + ← move window to previous desktop Meta + Shift + → move window to next desktop Meta + Ctrl + ← resize window to left half of desktop Meta + Ctrl + → resize window to right half of desktop
kwin_x11 --replace plasmashell --replace
TZ=Europe/Amsterdam date --date "12:30AM CDT" TZ=Europe/Amsterdam date --date "12:30AM CDT" --iso
ip addr show
ip link show
ip link set eth0 up
cat /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/max_brightness
echo 20 | sudo tee /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness
apt-file search type1ec.sty
sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/00-macrandomize.conf
[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=yes
[connection]
# Set cloned-mac-address to stable to generate the same hashed MAC every time a NetworkManager connection activates, but use a different MAC with each connection. To get a truly random MAC with every activation, use random instead.
wifi.cloned-mac-address=stable
ethernet.cloned-mac-address=stable
connection.stable-id=${CONNECTION}/${BOOT}
apt install wmctrl xdotool
Bind the hotkey to:
xdotool windowactivate `wmctrl -l 2>1 | grep KeePassXC | awk '{print $1}'`