gistfile1.txt

PGError: ERROR:  function ts_rank_cd(text, tsquery) does not exist
LINE 1: SELECT phrases.*, ts_rank_cd(phrases.vectors,tsearch_query) ...

wallboard_development=# \df ts_rank_cd
                                    List of functions
   Schema   |    Name    | Result data type |        Argument data types         |  Type  
------------+------------+------------------+------------------------------------+--------
 pg_catalog | ts_rank_cd | real             | real[], tsvector, tsquery          | normal
 pg_catalog | ts_rank_cd | real             | real[], tsvector, tsquery, integer | normal
 pg_catalog | ts_rank_cd | real             | tsvector, tsquery                  | normal
 pg_catalog | ts_rank_cd | real             | tsvector, tsquery, integer         | normal
(4 rows)

Look carefully at the signatures.
You're original error shows that 'phrases.vectors' is a 'text' object, not a tsvector object as expected.
Likely you'll need to do a to_tsvector()

wallboard_development=# \df to_tsvector
                             List of functions
   Schema   |    Name     | Result data type | Argument data types |  Type  
------------+-------------+------------------+---------------------+--------
 pg_catalog | to_tsvector | tsvector         | regconfig, text     | normal
 pg_catalog | to_tsvector | tsvector         | text                | normal
(2 rows)

Essentially what I'm saying is change the query to:

SELECT phrases.*, ts_rank_cd(to_tsvector(phrases.vectors), tsearch_query) ...