Creating Vagrant box from scratch with VirtualBox

creating-vagrant-box.md

Creating a Vagrant box from scratch with VirtualBox

https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/providers/virtualbox/boxes

https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/boxes/base

• Debian 10 OS:

  • User: vagrant.
  • Password: vagrant.
  • Root password: vagrant.

• VM settings:

  • Memmory: 1GB.
  • Virtual disk: 20GB.
  • Audio and USB are disabled.
  • Network adapter 1 is NAT.
  • Port-forwarding rule: [Name: SSH, Protocol: TCP, Host Port: 2222, Guest Port: 22].

• Configure password-less sudo:

  # Run as root user
  $ apt install sudo
  $ visudo

  Add the following line to the end of the file:

  vagrant ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
  

  https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-edit-the-sudoers-file

• Update the OS and install necessary tools:

  $ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
  $ sudo apt install curl wget git vim htop -y

• Install VirtualBox Guest Additions:

  $ sudo apt install linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential dkms
  $ sudo mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
  $ sudo /media/cdrom/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
  $ sudo reboot

  https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#guestadd-install

• Configure SSH:

  $ mkdir ~/.ssh
  $ chmod 0700 ~/.ssh
  $ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hashicorp/vagrant/main/keys/vagrant.pub -O ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
  $ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

• Cleanup and "zero out" the drive:

  $ sudo apt autoremove
  $ sudo apt autoclean
  $ sudo apt clean
  $ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/EMPTY bs=1M
  $ sudo rm -f /EMPTY

• Package the base box:

  $ vagrant package --base <vbox-vm-name>
  $ vagrant box add debian10 package.box