View source to understand how the path is drawn. Short version: M moves the point to the starting position, C is followed by two control-points and then the final point of that curve, S reflects the previous point – illustrated with the grey dotted line. Spaces and commas does not seem to have a function other than to make it more readable.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Tutorial/Paths
<path d="M 10 80 C 40 10, 65 10, 95 80 S 150 150, 180 80" stroke="black" fill="transparent"/>