Sample Test Case with Embedded Kafka https://blog.mimacom.com/testing-apache-kafka-with-spring-boot-junit5/

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
					<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-kafka-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

SimpleKafkaTest.java

package com.example.demo;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaProducerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ContainerProperties;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.KafkaMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.MessageListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.test.EmbeddedKafkaBroker;
import org.springframework.kafka.test.context.EmbeddedKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.test.utils.ContainerTestUtils;
import org.springframework.kafka.test.utils.KafkaTestUtils;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

@EmbeddedKafka
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
public class SimpleKafkaTest {

    private static final String TOPIC = "domain-events";

    @Autowired
    private EmbeddedKafkaBroker embeddedKafkaBroker;

    BlockingQueue<ConsumerRecord<String, String>> records;

    KafkaMessageListenerContainer<String, String> container;

    @BeforeAll
    void setUp() {
        Map<String, Object> configs = new HashMap<>(KafkaTestUtils.consumerProps("consumer", "false", embeddedKafkaBroker));
        DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory = new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(configs, new StringDeserializer(), new StringDeserializer());
        ContainerProperties containerProperties = new ContainerProperties(TOPIC);
        container = new KafkaMessageListenerContainer<>(consumerFactory, containerProperties);
        records = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
        container.setupMessageListener((MessageListener<String, String>) records::add);
        container.start();
        ContainerTestUtils.waitForAssignment(container, embeddedKafkaBroker.getPartitionsPerTopic());
    }

    @AfterAll
    void tearDown() {
        container.stop();
    }

    @Test
    public void kafkaSetup_withTopic_ensureSendMessageIsReceived() throws Exception {
        // Arrange
        Map<String, Object> configs = new HashMap<>(KafkaTestUtils.producerProps(embeddedKafkaBroker));
        Producer<String, String> producer = new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(configs, new StringSerializer(), new StringSerializer()).createProducer();

        // Act
        producer.send(new ProducerRecord<>(TOPIC, "my-aggregate-id", "{\"event\":\"Test Event\"}"));
        producer.flush();

        // Assert
        ConsumerRecord<String, String> singleRecord = records.poll(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        assertThat(singleRecord).isNotNull();
        assertThat(singleRecord.key()).isEqualTo("my-aggregate-id");
        assertThat(singleRecord.value()).isEqualTo("{\"event\":\"Test Event\"}");
    }

}

Hi @vzickner, thanks for this kafka spring junit gist. However, I fail to understand what are we trying to test in the above example. Looks like we are trying to produce a message and and then reading it from the consumer. How can this test be used to test the topology using an integration test?

Hi @surysharma, this test is just to illustrate how you can use the Kafka testing framework. You would either replace the sending or the receiving part with your actual code which you would like to test or plug the functionality you would like to have in the middle (send and receive from different topics)

@vzickner I want to test some error scenarios like:

1. Sending message to wrong topic
2. When broker is down
3. Timeout exception

How can I simulate this scenarios using spring-kafka-test? I had a hard time finding solutions for the above.

Hi @karan413255, I don't think they are a great fit for Spring Kafka. You would like to test your connection properties rather than the code. But looking at your list:

1. Sending message to wrong topic: Just send the message to another topic. Question here is what your expected behavior would be.
2. When broker is done: You don't even need to setup Spring Kafka. Just specify a port that doesn't exist. Again, expected behavior?
3. Timeout exception: Hard to test, question is which kind of timeout? Response from Kafka or you are not receiving a message?

hello, this example helped me a lot thanks. i have one question about Embedded Kafka. suppose i have few different test suites. how can i share the same embedded kafka broker? i think it will be redundant to start one for each test.
thanks