Shell functions for doing post-OS-install configuration of a VirtualBox VM. In particular, a shell wrapper around ``VBoxManage guestcontrol`` that allows running commands on the guest without knowing the IP or having ssh configured. Also includes an example of pushing small files (through stdout) to the guest via HEREDOC.

postconfig-vbox.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Post-configure a newly imported development VM.

NAME=$(basename $0)

# These vars may be overridden by envionment variables of the same name but
# with a preceeding "DEV_"
USER=${DEV_USER:-"somedev"}
PASS=${DEV_PASS:-"somedev"}
VM=${DEV_VM:-"localdev"}

function _error () {
    local EXIT MSG

    EXIT=$1 ; MSG=${2:-"${NAME}: Unknown Error"}
    if [[ $EXIT -eq 0 ]] ; then
        echo -e $MSG
    else
        echo -e $MSG 1>&2
        exit $EXIT
    fi
}

##
# Run a command in the named VirtualBox machine. Command must be a
# single-quote-able string suitable to be passed to sh -c
# E.g.:
#
#   local app_base="/home/somedev/src/repo"
#   vboxcmd 'cd '${app_base}' && ./setup -a' \
#       || _error 1 "Failed running setup."
#   vboxcmd 'cd '${app_base}' && source ./activate && blah somefunc' \
#       || _error 1 "Failed running somefunc."
#
#   # Update vbox ini with hostname
#   for conf in \
#       "conf1" \
#       "conf2" \
#       "conf3"
#   do
#       vboxcmd 'sed -i.bak '\''/'${conf}'/ s;http://localhost;http://'${hostname}';'\'' '${app_ini}
#   done
#
function vboxcmd() {
    local cmd=${1}
    [[ -n "${cmd}" ]] || _error 1 "No command given"

    # Note: pass --verbose to this command to see the real exit code
    VBoxManage guestcontrol ${VM} \
        exec --username ${USER} --password ${PASS} \
        --image '/bin/bash' \
        --wait-exit --wait-stdout --wait-stderr \
        -- -l -c "${cmd}" \
        || _error 1 "\n\nError running command: ${cmd}"
}

##
# Configure the VM with static networking.
function config_networking() {
    local hostname=${1} \
        address=${2} \
        netmask="255.255.255.0" \
        network="192.168.0.14" \
        broadcast="192.168.0.1" \
        gateway="192.168.0.1" \
        nameservers="8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4"

    [[ -n "${1}" ]] || _error 1 "config_networking requires a hostname argument"
    [[ -n "${2}" ]] || _error 1 "config_networking requires an address argument"

    vboxcmd "sudo tee /etc/network/interfaces > /dev/null <<HEREDOC
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address ${address}
    netmask ${netmask}
    network ${network}
    broadcast ${broadcast}
    gateway ${gateway}
    dns-nameservers ${nameservers}
HEREDOC"

    echo -e "Static networking is now configured.
    1.  Shutdown your VM.
    2.  Switch networking to Bridged.
    3.  Celebrate good times."
}

##
# Configure the Apache vhosts for the three sites with the given hostname
function config_apache() {
    local hostname=${1}
    [[ -n "${1}" ]] || _error 1 "config_apache requires a hostname argument"

    for site in site1 site2 site3; do
        host="${site}.${hostname}"
        conf="/etc/apache2/sites-available/${site}"
        vboxcmd 'sudo sed -i.bak -re '\''/^\s+ServerName/ s/[a-z.]+$/'${host}'/g'\'' '${conf}
    done
}

# Prompts the user for a hostname (e.g., blah.dev.example.com) and then
# attempts to look that hostname up to both verify and to obtain the IP for
# that hostname, then configures the VM by running the functions above.
function main() {
    local usage="Usage: ${NAME} <hostname>\n
    For example: ${NAME} blah.dev.example.com
    "

    if [[ $# -lt 1 ]] || [[ $1 == "--help" ]] || [[ $1 == "-h" ]] ; then
        echo -e ${usage}
        exit
    fi

    local hostname=${1}
    local address=$(dig +short a ${hostname}.)

    [[ -n "${address}" ]] || _error 1 "Could not verify hostname '${hostname}'"

    config_networking ${hostname} ${address}
    config_apache ${hostname}
}

main $*