Arch_install.md

Archlinux installation

Ref.

Arch's official guide

pf's note (too old)

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After booting from a USB stick, you'll get a zsh root shell

check for networking

• ping google

# ping google.com

network settings

dhcp

• the DHCP client daemon was started automatically

public ip

• use dhcpcd -k or systemctl stop dhcpcd.service first to disable DHCP networking

• use ip command and resolv.conf

# ip link                       # interface, something like 'eth0' or 'enp2s0'
# ip link set <if> up
# ip addr add <ip address>/<subnetmask> dev <if>
# ip route add default via <gateway's ip address>

# vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
search foo.bar.com

wireless

• remember to install netctl after chroot, otherwise the network will be broken after rebooting

# iw dev
# wifi-menu

partition table

• check for old partitions first

# fdisk -l
# lsblk
# lsblk -f

• Destroy the whole world

# cfdisk /dev/sda

=================================
An example for creating  partition tabel
/         25G      /dev/sda1
swap      1G       /dev/sda2
/home     else     /dev/sda3

• format partitions (ext4)

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1 
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3

• swap

# mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2

• check all things done well

# lsblk /dev/sda

mount root and home

# mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
# mkdir /mnt/home && mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/home

select a mirror

• choose NCTU or tku in Taiwan

# vi /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

pacstrap

• base system

# pacstrap -i /mnt base base-devel

• if the keylist is out-of-date

# pacman -S archlinux-keyring
# pacman-key --init && pacman-key --populate archlinux

generate fstab

# genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
# cat /mnt/etc/fstab

• edit /mnt/etc/fstab and add discard,noatime if you're using SSD

chroooooooooot!

# arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
# . /etc/profile 
# PS1="(chroot) $PS1"

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locale settings

• remove comments for your locale

# vi /etc/locale.gen
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
en_US ISO-8859-1
zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8

# locale-gen
# locale
# echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf

timezone and hwclock

# tzselect
# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Taipei /etc/localtime 
# hwclock --systohc --utc

• note: /etc/timezone is no longer used now Arch wiki: Time

hostname

• set hostname

# echo hostname > /etc/hostname

• add your hostname in /etc/hosts

# vi /etc/hosts

network configurations

• Check Arch wiki: systemd-netowrkd for details.

• enable systemd-networkd services

# systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
# systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service

• do the following later after first reboot

/etc/resolv.conf

• delete or rename the existing file and create the following symbolic link

# ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

different network types

networkctl list -a
networkctl status -a

DHCP

# vim /etc/systemd/network/wired.network
----
[Match]
Name=enp1s0

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

static IP

# vim /etc/systemd/network/wired.network
----
[Match]
Name=enp1s0

[Network]
Address=10.1.10.9/24
Gateway=10.1.10.1

wireless

• try Wicd or basic wifi-menu

• note: dialog is required by wifi-menu

# pacman -S iw wpa_supplicant dialog

• you also can use systemd-netowkrd for your wireless networking
• see Arch wiki: systemd-networkd

generate initial ramdisk environment

# mkinitcpio -p linux

• note: you might take a look of /etc/mkinitcpio.conf and add some HOOKS probably

root passwd and add user

# passwd
# useradd -m xatier
# passwd xatier

grub

# pacman -S grub os-prober
# grub-install --recheck /dev/sda
# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

AUR

• add yaourt for pacman.conf

# vi /etc/pacman.conf
[archlinuxfr]
SigLevel = Optional
Server = https://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch

• update pacman

# pacman -Syyu

bye bye chroot

## exit 

unmount everything

# umount /mnt/{home,}

reboot

# reboot

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well done for base system!

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post installation

become God

# su -

install some tools

# pacman -S openssh vim sudo screen tmux htop rsync git acpi

add a sudoer

# visudo

bash complete for sudo

$ complete -cf sudo

VirtualBox

• Vbox needs some special settings, see Archlinux wiki Virtualbox

X window

$ sudo pacman -S alsa-utils xorg-server xorg-xinit xorg-utils xorg-server-utils mesa [xf86-video-intel xf86-video-ati xf86-video-nouveau xf86-video-vmware] xf86-input-synaptics ttf-dejavu ttf-inconsolata

awesome wm

$ sudo pacman -S awesome

$ vim ~/.xinitrc
exec awesome >> ~/.cache/awesome_stdout 2>> ~/.cache/awesome_stderr 

done!