In other cryptocurrencies like bitcoin and ethereum, there is an "address" which is hex-string. How are accounts different?
An account can be seen as a registered name that only you own. This this accomplished by linking your cryptographic secret (private/public key pair) with your account, publicly. By this, only those entities that have access to the correct private keys can access a particular accounts. This comes with another advantages and that is, accounts can be setup to grant access not just to one key, but to many and allows sophisticated multi-signature setups for every account. Even accounts can be allowed to have access to other accounts. That said, Graphene-based blockchains do not use addresses or public keys outside of account authentication and authorization.
A wallet merely needs to contain private keys. Fro those private keys, the software can identify automatically which accounts can be access partially or in full.
The Cloud wallet scheme allows you to remember the private key to your account. Basically it uses your password and account name to generated your private key deterministically. Other than the public key that corresponds to your private key and your account name, no information is stored on the blockchain.
On this domain, you will be delivered the web app which is a set of
HTML, JS, and CSS files. It is the web application that shows you the
wallet. This application also connects to API nodes, such as
wss://node.bitshares.eu to connect to the Blockchain.
Where could I find the document which describes the details of structure of block or transaction in Bitshares including source?
More information about the block header can be found here
Could you explain the way how to become a committee member? To be a committee member, does it first require to become a witness?
Witnesses and committee members are independent entities on the blockchain. You can become witness without becoming committee member and vise versa. To become a committee one must create a committee-member object using the cli-wallet and obtain sufficient votes by BTS holders.
In bitshares whitepaper, it is said that Bitshares' Tx processing could speed up to 100,000 TPS. Is it actually possible?
So far, we managed to prove 3k tps easily on the BitShares testnet. A new stress-test is in the making and we expect to go beyond the previous limits. Last time, we lacked sufficient stress