Данная лабораторная работа посвещена изучению систем автоматизации сборки проекта на примере CMake
$ open https://cmake.org/- 1. Создать публичный репозиторий с названием lab04 на сервисе GitHub
- 2. Ознакомиться со ссылками учебного материала
- 3. Выполнить инструкцию учебного материала
- 4. Составить отчет и отправить ссылку личным сообщением в Slack
$ export GITHUB_USERNAME=<имя_пользователя> //создать константу GITHUB_USERNAME с имя_пользователя$ cd ${GITHUB_USERNAME}/workspace
$ pushd . //сохраняет все в текущей директории
~/yokkidack/workspace ~/yokkidack/workspace
$ source scripts/activate //source выполнит содержание файла$ git clone https://github.com/${GITHUB_USERNAME}/lab03.git projects/lab04 // клонируем из гита в папку projects/lab04
The program 'git' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt install git
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace$ sudo apt install git
[sudo] password for yokkidack:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
git-man liberror-perl
Suggested packages:
git-daemon-run | git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-el git-email git-gui gitk
gitweb git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn
The following NEW packages will be installed:
git git-man liberror-perl
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 105 not upgraded.
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yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace$ git clone https://github.com/${GITHUB_USERNAME}/lab03.git projects/lab04
Cloning into 'projects/lab04'...
remote: Counting objects: 19, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (13/13), done.
remote: Total 19 (delta 1), reused 12 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (19/19), done.
$ cd projects/lab04 //переходим в директорию
$ git remote remove origin // remote - управление отслеживаемым репозиторием
$ git remote add origin https://github.com/${GITHUB_USERNAME}/lab04.git // добавить ~/lab04.git$ g++ -I./include -std=c++11 -c sources/print.cpp //компилируем файл // -c файл компилируется, но процесс линковки пропускается и просто не выполняется
The program 'g++' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt install g++
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ sudo apt install g++
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu cpp-7 g++-7 gcc gcc-7
gcc-7-base libasan4 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc6 libc6-dev
libcc1-0 libcilkrts5 libgcc-7-dev libgcc1 libgomp1 libitm1 liblsan0 libmpx2
libquadmath0 libstdc++-7-dev libstdc++6 libtsan0 libubsan0 linux-libc-dev
manpages-dev
Suggested packages:
binutils-doc gcc-7-locales g++-multilib g++-7-multilib gcc-7-doc
libstdc++6-7-dbg gcc-multilib make autoconf automake libtool flex bison gdb
gcc-doc gcc-7-multilib libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg libitm1-dbg libatomic1-dbg
libasan4-dbg liblsan0-dbg libtsan0-dbg libubsan0-dbg libcilkrts5-dbg
libmpx2-dbg libquadmath0-dbg glibc-doc libstdc++-7-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu g++ g++-7 gcc gcc-7
libasan4 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcilkrts5
libgcc-7-dev libitm1 liblsan0 libmpx2 libstdc++-7-dev libtsan0 libubsan0
linux-libc-dev manpages-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
cpp-7 gcc-7-base libc6 libgcc1 libgomp1 libquadmath0 libstdc++6
7 upgraded, 23 newly installed, 0 to remove and 98 not upgraded.
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update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in auto mode
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$ ls print.o //вывести все файлы содержащие в названии "print.o"
print.o
$ nm print.o | grep print //nm - выводит информацию о файлах, grep - ищет паттерн в файле
0000000000000095 t _GLOBAL__sub_I__Z5printRKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEERSo
0000000000000000 T _Z5printRKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEERSo
0000000000000026 T _Z5printRKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEERSt14basic_ofstreamIcS2_E
$ ar rvs print.a print.o // ar -архивируем файл
ar: creating print.a
a - print.o
$ file print.a // определяет тип файла
print.a: current ar archive
$ g++ -I./include -std=c++11 -c examples/example1.cpp //компилируем файл // -c файл компилируется, но процесс линковки пропускается и просто не выполняется
$ ls example1.o
example1.o
$ g++ example1.o print.a -o example1 //компилируем файл
$ ./example1 && echo
hello$ g++ -I./include -std=c++11 -c examples/example2.cpp //компилируем файл // -c файл компилируется, но процесс линковки пропускается и просто не выполняется
$ nm example2.o
U __cxa_atexit
U __dso_handle
0000000000000000 V DW.ref.__gxx_personality_v0
U _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_
000000000000016f t _GLOBAL__sub_I_main
U __gxx_personality_v0
0000000000000000 T main
U __stack_chk_fail
U _Unwind_Resume
0000000000000126 t _Z41__static_initialization_and_destruction_0ii
U _Z5printRKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEERSt14basic_ofstreamIcS2_E
U _ZNSaIcEC1Ev
U _ZNSaIcED1Ev
U _ZNSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEEC1EPKcSt13_Ios_Openmode
U _ZNSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEED1Ev
U _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC1EPKcRKS3_
U _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED1Ev
U _ZNSt8ios_base4InitC1Ev
U _ZNSt8ios_base4InitD1Ev
0000000000000000 r _ZStL19piecewise_construct
0000000000000000 b _ZStL8__ioinit
0000000000000000 W _ZStorSt13_Ios_OpenmodeS_
$ g++ example2.o print.a -o example2 //компилируем файл
$ ./example2 // запускаем программу
$ cat log.txt && echo // вывадим содержимое файла в поток
hello$ rm -rf example1.o example2.o print.o //rm удаляет директорию
// -f не выведет ошибок если файла не существует
// -r удалит все файлы связанные с удаляемым файлом
$ rm -rf print.a
//rm удаляет директорию
// -f не выведет ошибок если файла не существует
// -r удалит все файлы связанные с удаляемым файлом
$ rm -rf example1 example2
//rm удаляет директорию
// -f не выведет ошибок если файла не существует
// -r удалит все файлы связанные с удаляемым файлом
$ rm -rf log.txt
//rm удаляет директорию
// -f не выведет ошибок если файла не существует
// -r удалит все файлы связанные с удаляемым файлом
$ cat > CMakeLists.txt <<EOF //записываем в файл
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0) //проверяем версию cmake
project(print) //название проекта
EOF$ cat >> CMakeLists.txt <<EOF //записываем в файл
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11) // установка и подключение c++ 11
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
EOF$ cat >> CMakeLists.txt <<EOF //записываем в файл
add_library(print STATIC \${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/sources/print.cpp) // создаем статическую библиотеку
EOF$ cat >> CMakeLists.txt <<EOF //записываем в файл
include_directories(\${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include) //добавляем директорию
EOF$ cmake -H. -B_build //подготовливаеи процесс построения проекта, проверяем работоспособность и записываем результат в файл
The program 'cmake' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt install cmake
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ sudo apt install cmake
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
cmake-data libjsoncpp1 librhash0 libuv1 make
Suggested packages:
ninja-build make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
cmake cmake-data libjsoncpp1 librhash0 libuv1 make
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 98 not upgraded.
Need to get 4 746 kB of archives.
After this operation, 24,5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Preparing to unpack .../1-libjsoncpp1_1.7.4-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libjsoncpp1:amd64 (1.7.4-3) ...
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Preparing to unpack .../2-librhash0_1.3.4-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking librhash0 (1.3.4-3) ...
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Preparing to unpack .../3-libuv1_1.9.1-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libuv1:amd64 (1.9.1-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package cmake.
Preparing to unpack .../4-cmake_3.9.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cmake (3.9.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package make.
Preparing to unpack .../5-make_4.1-9.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking make (4.1-9.1) ...
Setting up make (4.1-9.1) ...
Setting up libuv1:amd64 (1.9.1-3) ...
Setting up cmake-data (3.9.1-1) ...
Setting up librhash0 (1.3.4-3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
Setting up libjsoncpp1:amd64 (1.7.4-3) ...
Setting up cmake (3.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ cmake -H. -B_build
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 7.2.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 7.2.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_build
$ cmake --build _build // создаем бинарное дерево сгенерированного cmake'ом проекта
Scanning dependencies of target print
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/print.dir/sources/print.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX static library libprint.a
[100%] Built target print$ cat >> CMakeLists.txt <<EOF //записываем в файл
add_executable(example1 \${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/examples/example1.cpp) //добавление исполняемого файла
add_executable(example2 \${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/examples/example2.cpp) //добавление исполняемого файла
EOF$ cat >> CMakeLists.txt <<EOF //записываем в файл
target_link_libraries(example1 print) // добавляем связь файла с библиотекой
target_link_libraries(example2 print) // добавляем связь файла с библиотекой
EOF$ cmake --build _build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_build
[ 33%] Built target print
Scanning dependencies of target example2
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/example2.dir/examples/example2.cpp.o
[ 66%] Linking CXX executable example2
[ 66%] Built target example2
Scanning dependencies of target example1
[ 83%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/example1.dir/examples/example1.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable example1
[100%] Built target example1
$ cmake --build _build --target print
[100%] Built target print
$ cmake --build _build --target example1
[ 50%] Built target print
[100%] Built target example1
$ cmake --build _build --target example2
[ 50%] Built target print
[100%] Built target example2
$ ls -la _build/libprint.a
-rw-rw-r-- 1 yokkidack yokkidack 3126 мар 19 19:14 _build/libprint.a
$ _build/example1 && echo
hello
$ _build/example2
$ cat log.txt && echo
hello
$ rm -rf log.txt$ git clone https://github.com/tp-labs/lab04 tmp
Cloning into 'tmp'...
remote: Counting objects: 37, done.
remote: Total 37 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 37
Unpacking objects: 100% (37/37), done.
$ mv -f tmp/CMakeLists.txt . //mv перемещает файлы из tmp/CMakeLists.txt в текущий кат // -f не выведет ошибок если файла не существует
$ rm -rf tmp //rm удаляет директорию
// -f не выведет ошибок если файла не существует
// -r удалит все файлы связанные с удаляемым файлом
$ cat CMakeLists.txt //вывести файл
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
option(BUILD_EXAMPLES "Build examples" OFF)
project(print)
add_library(print STATIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/sources/print.cpp)
target_include_directories(print PUBLIC
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
)
if(BUILD_EXAMPLES)
file(GLOB EXAMPLE_SOURCES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/examples/*.cpp")
foreach(EXAMPLE_SOURCE ${EXAMPLE_SOURCES})
get_filename_component(EXAMPLE_NAME ${EXAMPLE_SOURCE} NAME_WE)
add_executable(${EXAMPLE_NAME} ${EXAMPLE_SOURCE})
target_link_libraries(${EXAMPLE_NAME} print)
install(TARGETS ${EXAMPLE_NAME}
RUNTIME DESTINATION bin
)
endforeach(EXAMPLE_SOURCE ${EXAMPLE_SOURCES})
endif()
install(TARGETS print
EXPORT print-config
ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
)
install(DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/ DESTINATION include)
install(EXPORT print-config DESTINATION cmake)
$ cmake -H. -B_build -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=_install //подготовливаеи процесс построения проекта, проверяем работоспособность и записываем результат в файл
// -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=_install - создаем имя для комманды
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_build
$ cmake --build _build --target install
// создаем бинарное дерево сгенерированного cmake'ом проекта
//--target -построить install вместо целей по умолчанию
[100%] Built target print
Install the project...
-- Install configuration: ""
-- Installing: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_install/lib/libprint.a
-- Installing: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_install/include
-- Installing: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_install/include/print.hpp
-- Installing: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_install/cmake/print-config.cmake
-- Installing: /home/yokkidack/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04/_install/cmake/print-config-noconfig.cmake
$ tree _install //установить tree
The program 'tree' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt install tree
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ sudo apt install tree
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
tree
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 98 not upgraded.
Need to get 40,7 kB of archives.
After this operation, 105 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 tree amd64 1.7.0-5 [40,7 kB]
Fetched 40,7 kB in 0s (506 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package tree.
(Reading database ... 120309 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../tree_1.7.0-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking tree (1.7.0-5) ...
Setting up tree (1.7.0-5) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ tree _install
_install
├── cmake
│ ├── print-config.cmake
│ └── print-config-noconfig.cmake
├── include
│ └── print.hpp
└── lib
└── libprint.a
3 directories, 4 files
$ git add CMakeLists.txt //добавить файл
$ git commit -m"added CMakeLists.txt" //сделать коммит, -m чтобы добавить сообщение
*** Please tell me who you are.
Run
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
to set your account's default identity.
Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.
fatal: unable to auto-detect email address (got 'yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox.(none)')
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
// git coconfig позволяет настраивать и просматривать параметры, контролирующие все аспекты работы //Git’а, а также его внешний вид.
// указывая --global показываем чтобы Git использовал эти данные для всего, что мы делаем в
// этой системе
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ git config --global user.name "yokkidack"
// git coconfig позволяет настраивать и просматривать параметры, контролирующие все аспекты работы //Git’а, а также его внешний вид.
// указывая --global показываем чтобы Git использовал эти данные для всего, что мы делаем в
// этой системе
yokkidack@yokkidack-VirtualBox:~/yokkidack/workspace/projects/lab04$ git commit -m"added CMakeLists.txt"[master 1f813de] added CMakeLists.txt
1 file changed, 36 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 CMakeLists.txt
$ git push origin master //отправить на удаленный сервер
Username for 'https://github.com': yokkidack
Password for 'https://[email protected]':
Counting objects: 22, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (16/16), done.
Writing objects: 100% (22/22), 3.64 KiB | 3.64 MiB/s, done.
Total 22 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (2/2), done.
To https://github.com/yokkidack/lab04.git
* [new branch] master -> master$ popd
~/yokkidack/workspace ~/yokkidack/workspace
$ export LAB_NUMBER=04
$ git clone https://github.com/tp-labs/lab${LAB_NUMBER} tasks/lab${LAB_NUMBER}
Cloning into 'tasks/lab04'...
remote: Counting objects: 37, done.
Unpacking objects: 100% (37/37), done.
remote: Total 37 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 37
$ mkdir reports/lab${LAB_NUMBER}
$ cp tasks/lab${LAB_NUMBER}/README.md reports/lab${LAB_NUMBER}/REPORT.md
$ cd reports/lab${LAB_NUMBER}
$ edit REPORT.md
$ gistup -m "lab${LAB_NUMBER}"Copyright (c) 2017 Братья Вершинины